Preparation and osteogenic properties of degradable pectin-modified magnesium oxychloride bone cement.

A novel biodegradable bone cement (PSM) was successfully developed through the modification of magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) with pectin, specifically addressing the inherent limitation of poor water resistance in conventional MOC. Properties of PSM such as washout resistance, setting time, mechanical properties and degradation properties were investigated. Results showed that PSM with 1.

Porous SiO/ZnO-carboxymethyl cellulose composite hydrogels for enhanced hemostatic efficacy and antibacterial activity.

The development of effective hemostatic and antibacterial dressings remains a critical challenge in wound management. We report the design and fabrication of novel porous composite hydrogels composed of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), silica (SiO), and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) . The incorporation of SiO and ZnO NPs into the CMC hydrogel matrix resulted in a unique multi-scale porous structure, characterized by interconnected holes of various sizes, which significantly enhanced the hydrogel's liquid absorption capacity and mechanical strength.

Predictors of Maturation Failure in Arteriovenous Dialysis Access.

Objective: Failure of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation results in unnecessary patient risk and resource waste. We sought to identify potentially addressable risk factors for fistula failure-to-mature (FTM) to cannulation readiness.

Methods: We conducted a single-institution retrospective review of patients undergoing primary AVF creation from 2015-2021.

Advances in nanopore direct RNA sequencing and its impact on biological research.

Nanopore direct RNA sequencing (DRS) is a transformative technology that enables full-length, single-molecule sequencing of native RNA, capturing transcript isoforms and preserving epitranscriptomic modifications without cDNA conversion. This review outlines key advances in DRS, including optimized protocols for mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, circRNA, and viral RNA, as well as analytical tools for isoform quantification, poly(A) tail measurement, fusion transcript identification, and base modification profiling. We highlight how DRS has redefined transcriptomic studies across diverse systems-from uncovering novel transcripts and alternative splicing events in cancer, plants, and parasites to enabling the direct detection of m6A, m5C, pseudouridine, and RNA editing events.

Real-world use of terlipressin in cirrhosis and acute kidney injury: frequent use beyond hepatorenal syndrome.

Background & Aims: Terlipressin is indicated to treat hepatorenal syndrome (HRS)-acute kidney injury (AKI), but is likely used outside this primary indication in clinical practice. We aimed to investigate real-world practice patterns on the use of terlipressin in AKI in cirrhosis.

Methods: International prospective study including patients hospitalized for decompensated cirrhosis.

Biejia-Ruangan enhances the efficacy of entecavir in reversing liver cirrhosis in patients with chronic HBV infection: A seven-year open-label follow-up cohort study.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Biejia-Ruangan (BRG) has been approved in China as an antifibrotic traditional Chinese medicine for patients with chronic liver diseases; however, data on the reversal of hepatitis B-related cirrhosis by BRG are still limited.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the reversal effect of BRG in patients with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis.

Materials And Methods: Hepatitis B-related cirrhotic patients who received either entecavir (ETV) monotherapy or combination therapy with ETV and BRG for 7 years, were analysed.

Huashi Baidu Granules Alleviates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Targeting TACE-Mediated Inflammatory Signaling and Stress Granules disassembly.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe health issue characterized by high morbidity and mortality, driven by excessive inflammatory responses. The traditional Chinese medicine Huashi Baidu Granules (HBG) demonstrated clinical efficacy in treating severe ALI, yet its mechanisms remain unclear.

Aim Of The Study: This research aimed to examine the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of HBG in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI model, identify core herbal constituents, active compounds, and therapeutic targets, providing a foundation for optimizing HBG-based treatments.

Unlocking low NO emissions from nitrate-laden wastewater in constructed wetlands: critical role of pyrrhotite substrate layer in mediating nitrate-dependent sulfide oxidation.

Constructed wetlands (CWs) treating nitrate-rich wastewater often face incomplete denitrification and elevated NO emissions due to insufficient electron donors. Pyrrhotite as a CW substrate demonstrated potential for enhancing autotrophic denitrification through coupled sulfur and iron biological oxidation. However, the impact of pyrrhotite layer positioning on regulating NO emissions and underlying mechanisms remains unclear.

Differential aging processes of microplastics in paddy soil under wet-dry alternation: Insights into chemical structure alteration and dissolved organic matter formation.

Paddy soil represents a critical sink for microplastics (MPs), where frequent redox oscillations from wet-dry alternation can accelerate MPs aging, and alter dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition in paddy soil. However, this process remains poorly understood to date. Here, we systematically investigated the aging of three MPs and their structural effects on DOM in paddy soil during wet-dry alternation.

Electric Field-Induced Droplet Detachment and Transport on Biomimetic Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Beetle Elytra-Seta Composite Structures.

The regulation of droplet dynamics based on external electric fields and bioinspired functional surfaces has widespread applications in various fields. However, research on the coupling of these two factors to enhance oil-water separation efficiency is urgently needed. In this study, laser-induced and solvent treatment techniques were coupled to assemble a micronano setal and bioinspired beetle elytra textured substrate with the lotus effect, A "top conductive, bottom insulating" Desert beetle elytra micronano tuft composite texture (DBE) biomimetic superhydrophobic surface was fabricated.

Combined endoluminal stenting and extraluminal ring placement in dogs results in comparable survival to historic data on singular interventions.

Objective: To report outcomes of dogs undergoing combined endoluminal tracheal stent (ELS) and extraluminal tracheal ring (ELTR) placement for tracheal malformation and collapse.

Methods: Retrospective clinical cohort study including 19 dogs diagnosed with tracheal malformation and collapse. Case records were reviewed of dogs presented for treatment of tracheal malformation and collapse between 2005 and 2022.

Repeatability of Myelin and Myelin Water Quantification Using Short-TR Adiabatic Inversion-Recovery Sequences.

Myelin and myelin water (MW) behavior is becoming increasingly relevant in their role in neurodegenerative diseases. Myelin proton fraction (MPF) and myelin water fraction (MWF) measured with short-TR adiabatic inversion-recovery (STAIR) sequences are potential biomarkers of myelin and MW, respectively, but their repeatabilities are unknown. This study aims to evaluate the repeatability of MPF and MWF measured with the STAIR ultrashort echo time (STAIR-UTE) and STAIR short echo time (STAIR-STE) sequences, respectively.

Potentially Inappropriate Medications, Frailty, and Outcomes in Patients With Cancer Managed in a National Health Care System.

Background: Previous studies have operationalized the NCCN list of high-risk medications in older adults into a measurable tool known as the Geriatric Oncology Potentially Inappropriate Medications (GO-PIMs) scale. The current study aims to evaluate the ability of GO-PIMs to identify high-risk medications and their impact on patients with both solid and liquid tumors managed in a large national health care system.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using data from the national Veterans Affairs (VA) Cancer Registry and electronic health records, including all veterans newly diagnosed with a solid or liquid malignancy from 2000 to 2022.

Energy minima and ordering in ferromagnets with static randomness.

Energy minimization at T=0 and Monte Carlo simulations at T>0 have been performed on 2D and 3D random-field (RF) and random-anisotropy (RA) models of up to 150 million classical spins. The results suggest that 3D RA models magnetically order on lowering temperature, contrary to the theoretical predictions based on the Imry-Ma argument. If RA is weaker than the exchange, the system is free from singularities (hedgehogs in the Heisenberg model and vortex lines in the xy model).

Impact of various reaction conditions of solvothermal synthesis on electrochemical properties of Ni-MOF materials.

A series of Ni-MOF materials were synthesized by a one-step solvothermal method under different reaction conditions, including metal source, organic ligand, reaction time and reaction temperature. The results demonstrated that the Ni-MOFs synthesized with Ni(NO3)2•6H2O as the metal source had higher crystallinity and a more uniform crystalline structure than those with NiCl2•6H2O. Different organic ligands led to the formation of Ni-MOFs in various morphologies.

Detection of heterogeneous resistance mechanisms to tyrosine kinase inhibitors from cell-free DNA.

Though there has been substantial progress in the development of anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) therapies to treat HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) within the past two decades, most patients still experience disease progression and cancer-related death. HER2-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors can be highly effective therapies for patients with HER2-positive MBC; however, an understanding of resistance mechanisms is needed to better inform treatment approaches. We performed whole-exome sequencing on 111 patients with 73 tumor biopsies and 120 cell-free DNA samples to assess mechanisms of resistance.

Analog epigenetic memory revealed by targeted chromatin editing.

Cells store information by means of chromatin modifications that persist through cell divisions and can hold gene expression silenced over generations. However, how these modifications may maintain other gene expression states has remained unclear. This study shows that chromatin modifications can maintain a wide range of gene expression levels over time, thus uncovering analog epigenetic memory.

A pathological role of O-GlcNAcylation-driven TR11B production and function in lung adenocarcinoma.

Cytokines link inflammation to tumorigenesis, but the role of post-translational modifications in regulating their function within the extra-tumoral environment remains poorly defined. Here, we identify tumor-derived tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily member 11B (TR11B) as a key driver of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression and therapeutic resistance. Mechanistically, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT)-mediated O-GlcNAcylation at serine 151 stabilizes TR11B and facilitates its interaction with the membrane protein EPS15 homology domain-containing protein 1 (EHD1), promoting cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) phosphorylation and cell cycle progression.

Real-time diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma by combining digestive endoscopy and optic fiber biosensors based on bile clusterin.

Background: Early diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains challenging, but liquid biopsy is emerging as a promising detection strategy. Here, we identified a novel bile biomarker for CCA and developed an optic fiber biosensor integrated with digestive endoscopy for real-time diagnosis in vivo.

Methods: A total of 583 subjects and two proteomic analyses were used to screen and validate biomarkers for CCA, and then the corresponding antibodies were generated to construct a surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based optic fiber biosensor.

Enhanced degradation of phenol by VUV/SPC synergism: Promotion of •OH and •CO formation.

A novel vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)-activated sodium percarbonate (SPC) system (VUV/SPC) was developed for efficient degradation of micropollutants such as phenol. The VUV/SPC system achieved 98.4 % phenol removal within 3 min, with pseudo-first-order rate constants 4.

Engineered plasmonic copper (II) sulfide-wrapped polystyrene nanoparticles for spectroscopic detection of mercury ions.

We report a novel and highly effective UV-Vis sensing platform based on plasmonic copper (II) sulfide-capsulated polystyrene nanoparticles (PS@CuS NPs) for the rapid, ultrasensitive, and selective detection of Hg . The detection mechanism is driven by a specific anion-exchange reaction between Hg and CuS, resulting in the in-situ transformation of plasmonic CuS into non-plasmonic HgS, which induces a distinct and quantifiable shift in UV-Vis absorption. This structural and optical evolution enables the platform to achieve an exceptionally low detection limit of 20 pM within just 5 min, far below most regulatory thresholds, and a wide linear detection range from 20 pM to 30 nM.

Using microplastic-carbon to reassess pollution level of microplastics in urban rivers.

Environmental microplastics (MPs) are challenging to compare due to non-harmonized sampling and quantification methods. As MPs are predominantly composed of recalcitrant organic carbon (OC), they contribute to the total organic carbon (TOC) pool in environments. The concentration of recalcitrant carbon in microplastics (MPC) can theoretically serve as a complementary, standardized mass-based index to characterize MPs pollution levels.

Examining the contributions of demographic variables to vaccination uptake among the U.S. aged 50.

Vaccine uptake for five conditions harmful to older adults (seasonal influenza, pneumococcus infections, shingles, Covid-19, and pertussis) falls short of universal coverage, and discrepancies further emerge by gender, race, and vaccine target. Drawing on a cross-sectional nationally representative survey of 2623 U.S.

PNMA4 enhances anti-RNA virus immunity by promoting RIG-I signaling pathway.

Mitochondria play a crucial role as a hub for innate immune signal transduction, with mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) being a key regulator in the activation of interferon-β (IFN-β) production. It is essential for MAVS to initiate innate antiviral responses against RNA viruses, contributing to the host's defense mechanisms. In this study, we identified the mitochondrial protein Paraneoplastic Ma Family 4 (PNMA4/MOAP1) as a MAVS-interacting protein by using proximity-based labeling technology in THP-1 and discovered that it could enhance retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) signaling pathway.