Pde5a deficiency prevents diet-induced obesity via adipose cAMP-PKA activation enhancing fat browning.

Cyclic nucleotides are critical regulators of adaptive thermogenesis and adipogenesis, with their intracellular levels finely tuned by phosphodiesterases. Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5A) modulates cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in adipocytes. While PDE5A inhibition has shown promise in patients with diabetes, its role in metabolism remains unclear.

Symptomatic postoperative cyst following glioma excision in a pediatric patient: a case report.

Introduction And Importance: Postoperative cyst formation is a rare but significant complication following central nervous system (CNS) tumor resection. This case report describes a 14-year-old girl who developed a postoperative cyst after glioma excision, successfully managed through a minimally invasive approach.

Case Presentation: A 14-year-old female presented with headache and seizures.

Predictive value of the cardiogenic shock working group-modified SCAI criteria in early-stage heart failure-related cardiogenic shock.

Background: The Cardiogenic Shock Working Group-modified Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (CSWG-SCAI) has been validated in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) related to heart failure (HF). Its prognostic value in patients with early-stage HF-CS has been scarcely investigated.

Methods: In 208 patients with HF-CS, the relationship between the CSWG-SCAI stage at diagnosis, at 24 and 48 h, the maximum CSWG-SCAI stage, and in-hospital mortality were assessed.

Psychological resources and interventions for teachers' emotional competence and well-being: a systematic review.

Introduction: Teachers are increasingly exposed to emotional and organizational stressors that affect their psychological well-being and professional functioning. Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Reflective Functioning (RF) have emerged as key protective factors in preventing burnout and promoting Quality of Life (QoL) in educational contexts.

Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and synthesized findings from 42 empirical studies published between 2010 and 2024.

Evolution of the incidence of male fertility disorders over the last decades.

Male reproductive health evaluation involves andrological and sexological clinical problems but, on a wider scale, it also involves other public health issues, including lifestyle and metabolic factors. These factors, especially if combined with pre-existing andrological diseases, have been found to be significantly associated with semen parameters impairment and, thus, male infertility. A hypothesized trend of decline of male fertility has been debated in the last years and this aspect is strictly intertwined with the evolution of the incidence of male fertility disorders over the last decades.

Old Therapy, New Questions: Rethinking Phlebotomy in a Pharmacologic Landscape.

Therapeutic phlebotomy remains a key intervention in the management of erythrocytosis and iron overload disorders, particularly polycythemia vera (PV) and hereditary hemochromatosis. Despite its historical origins as an ancient practice, venesection continues to be recommended in international guidelines for the reduction of hematocrit and iron burden, thereby mitigating thrombotic and organ-related complications. However, the evolving landscape of targeted pharmacologic therapies is reshaping the therapeutic paradigm.

From Description to Diagnostics: Assessing AI's Capabilities in Forensic Gunshot Wound Classification.

: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into forensic science is expanding, yet its application in firearm injury diagnostics remains underexplored. This study investigates the diagnostic capabilities of ChatGPT-4 (February 2024 update) in classifying gunshot wounds, specifically distinguishing entrance from exit wounds, and evaluates its potential, limitations, and forensic applicability. : ChatGPT-4 was tested using three datasets: (1) 36 firearm injury images from an external database, (2) 40 images of intact skin from the forensic archive of the University of Catania (negative control), and (3) 40 real-case firearm injury images from the same archive.

Virtual Reality-Based Versus Traditional Teaching Approaches in the Oral Hygiene Education of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

: Maintaining proper oral hygiene is particularly challenging for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) due to sensory sensitivities, communication difficulties, and anxiety. Traditional oral hygiene education methods may be ineffective for this population, thereby necessitating innovative solutions. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a virtual reality (VR)-based educational program in improving home oral hygiene practices among children and adolescents with ASD.

The Immune/Inflammatory Underpinnings of Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: A Scoping Review.

Among the shared pathogenetic mechanisms leading to neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), a dysregulated inflammatory response has been described as a convergent pathway in NDDs. This scoping review was registered in the OSF database. It was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, utilizing a comprehensive literature search of major academic databases, including PubMed and Web of Science.

Characteristics and Potential of KSL, KSL-W, and Dadapin-1 Antimicrobial Peptides for Preventing Infections of Orthopedic Prosthetic Devices: Identifying the Most Robust Candidate.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are increasingly emerging as alternatives to conventional antibiotics. This study compared the antibacterial activity of two decapeptides, KSL and KSL-W, and a 23-residue peptide, Dadapin-1, against bacterial species that colonize orthopedic implants, with the aim of identifying the most effective peptide for future AMP-based anti-infective orthopedic biomaterials. ATCC 25923 was the reference strain.

Interobserver Agreement in Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Folate Receptor Alpha (FRα) in Ovarian Cancer: A Multicentre Study.

Folate receptor alpha (FRα) is a high-affinity folate transporter overexpressed in various epithelial malignancies, particularly high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Given its restricted expression in normal tissues and accessibility in tumors, FRα is an emerging therapeutic target. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the standard method for FRα assessment; however, interpretation is semi-quantitative and prone to interobserver variability.

Opsoclonus-myoclonus Syndrome in a Female Breast Cancer Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background/aim: Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is rarely associated with breast cancer. This paraneoplastic syndrome poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for physicians.

Case Report: This article discusses a case of a 58-year-old Caucasian woman with complex neurological symptoms identified as paraneoplastic OMS due to non-metastatic breast carcinoma.

Observational study for multidimensional assessment in elderly patients hospitalized for post-fracture or elective surgery and functional rehabilitation.

Fracture-related hospitalizations are frequent in older adults, with recovery often extended. This study evaluated the prognostic utility of the Multidimensional Prognostic Index (MPI), Handgrip Strength (HGS), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) in predicting adverse outcomes-hospitalizations, falls, or mortality-after femoral fracture or total knee arthroplasty surgery. The methods adopted were MPI assessed frailty, SPPB measured physical performance, GDS identified depression, and HGS evaluated muscle strength.

The Relationship Between Childhood Trauma and Shame: The Mediating Role of Dissociation.

Previous research has found significant associations among childhood trauma, dissociation, and shame. Furthermore, the clinical literature suggests that dissociation may foster feelings of shame in individuals who were exposed to childhood trauma. The current study aimed to test the potential mediating effect of dissociation on the association between childhood trauma and shame.

ChatGPT and Microsoft Copilot for Cochlear Implant Side Selection: A Preliminary Study.

: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly being applied in otolaryngology, including cochlear implants (CIs). This study evaluates the accuracy and completeness of ChatGPT-4 and Microsoft Copilot in determining the appropriate implantation side based on audiological and radiological data, as well as the presence of tinnitus. : Data from 22 CI patients (11 males, 11 females; 12 right-sided, 10 left-sided implants) were used to query both AI models.

Gender-affirming hormone therapy: Effect on semen quality and use of fertility preservation.

Fertility preservation (FP) is a fundamental part of gender care. Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) involves the use of drugs that could be potential risk factors for fertility. Therefore, FP is recommended before beginning the gender-affirmation process.

Attachment anxiety, loneliness, and death anxiety in problematic social media use.

Problematic social media use (PSMU) has emerged as a growing concern due to its association with mental health challenges and social functioning difficulties. We investigated the role of attachment anxiety, loneliness (i.e.

Learning curve of a multidisciplinary team for magnetic resonance imaging/transperineal ultrasonography fusion prostate biopsy.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the learning curve of transperineal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/ultrasound (US) fusion biopsy performed by a multidisciplinary team comprising a single urologist, radiologist, and pathologist. We analyzed the temporal changes in overall prostate cancer detection rates and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) detection rates.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled consecutive patients with clinically suspected prostate cancer (PCa) who underwent MRI/US fusion prostate biopsy at a single center from January 2019 to December 2022.