Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy: Mechanism, Prevalence, Assessment, Prognosis, and Management.

Topic Importance: Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) is a heterogeneous cardiovascular dysfunction associated with sepsis and septic shock. While traditionally defined by reversible left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, recent evidence has revealed a broader spectrum, including LV diastolic dysfunction, hyperdynamic LV systolic states, and right ventricular (RV) injury, occurring independently or in combination. Despite their prognostic significance, these phenotypes remain underrecognized and understudied.

Orthognathic Surgery: Full-Digital Workflow Protocol for the Selection of Patients Eligible for Single-Jaw Surgery.

Orthognathic surgery has undergone considerable evolution, marked by increasing prevalence and improved patient experience. Key advancements include shifting aesthetic ideals, the integration of digital technologies for surgical planning, and a growing emphasis on minimally invasive techniques. This study aimed to promote single-maxillary orthognathic surgery by implementing a novel, fully digital workflow protocol to reduce invasiveness.

Balloon-Expandable Myval Octacor Versus Self-Expanding Evolut PRO/PRO+ and Acurate Neo2: Short-Term Outcomes From Propensity-Matched Analysis.

Background: With transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) now extending to lower-risk and younger patients, optimizing procedural and hemodynamic outcomes is critical. The Myval Octacor, a new balloon-expandable valve (BEV), was developed to improve outcomes by reducing paravalvular regurgitation (PVL), minimizing pacemaker implantation (PPI) rates, and enhancing hemodynamic performance. However, limited data are available comparing Myval Octacor to contemporary self-expanding supra-annular valves (SEVs) Evolut PRO/PRO+ and Acurate Neo2.

p63 immunohistochemical expression in tumor cells of high-grade invasive breast carcinomas on core biopsy: a potential diagnostic pitfall.

In breast pathology, p63 is a highly specific myoepithelial marker, crucial for distinguishing in situ from invasive lesions. Its expression is characteristically absent in the neoplastic cells of invasive carcinoma. However, in our diagnostic experience focal p63 expression in neoplastic cells of some high-grade breast tumors has been observed.

Nanosensors Made of Halloysite and Kojic Acid Metal Complexes for Dopamine Detection.

A nanocomposite sensor has been developed by integrating halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), kojic acid (K), and Cu ions (HNTK-Cu), marking a significant advancement in the field of dopamine detection. This cutting-edge sensor leverages the synergistic properties of its components to deliver exceptional analytical performance with promising implications for biomedical diagnostics and food safety monitoring. This innovative sensor exploits the unique properties of halloysite nanotubes and kojic acid to achieve a superior performance.

Humanoid robots for psychological assessment in mild cognitive impairment: from evaluation to the future of AI-driven data prediction systems.

Introduction: Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), are increasingly prevalent, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and effective intervention. This study explores the feasibility of using the humanoid robot to administer cognitive assessments for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Specifically, it evaluates the usability, accuracy, and patient experience of robot-administered cognitive testing compared to traditional assessments conducted by neuropsychologists.

Clopidogrel versus aspirin for secondary prevention of coronary artery disease: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.

Background: Aspirin monotherapy is recommended indefinitely for patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this individual patient level meta-analysis was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the comparative efficacy and safety of clopidogrel versus aspirin monotherapy in patients with established CAD, most of whom had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention or had acute coronary syndrome.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase to identify randomised trials published from database inception to April 12, 2025, comparing clopidogrel monotherapy with aspirin monotherapy in patients with established CAD who had discontinued or never started dual antiplatelet therapy.

Polycationic calixarene micellar aggregate as a novel iodophor platform for on-demand iodine release to bacteria.

Iodine is the most potent antiseptic agent used in clinical applications, but its volatility and toxicity are serious drawbacks that are stimulating the search of new strategies to achieve formulations stable at low iodine concentration. Here, we report that polycationic micellar aggregates, formed by the self-assembling of the amphiphilic choline-calix[4]arene derivative (CholCalix) in aqueous medium, are able to complex triiodide anions (I) both in solution and in solid phase. This novel iodophor enhances the stability of 0.

The Complex Pathway of Conventional Investigations before the Diagnosis of Functional Motor Disorders.

Background: Functional motor disorder (FMD) is a diagnosis of inclusion based on the presence of positive signs on clinical examination, and only a few tests are validated as biomarkers for FMD identification.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the relative frequency of different types of conventional instrumental investigations (such as magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography [MRI/CT] scan, dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography (DaT-SPECT), electroencephalography (EEG), neurophysiological tests, and other tests) in FMD patients before diagnosis and to identify the clinical and demographic features associated with their use.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Italian Registry of Functional Motor Disorders, a multicenter initiative involving patients with a diagnosis of clinically definite FMD.

Practice of oxygenation and respiratory support during fibreoptic bronchoscopy: the OxyFOB study protocol.

Introduction: Flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is widely used for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in pulmonary medicine. However, FB can cause respiratory and haemodynamic complications, especially in patients with pre-existing lung and/or cardiovascular comorbidities. Despite the range of oxygenation and ventilatory approaches available to prevent these risks, evidence regarding their real-world application and clinical impact is limited.

The simultaneous activation of μ- and δ-opioid receptors by (-)-2-LP2 rescues allodynia with the contribution of TGF-β1 signaling in a rat chronic constriction injury model.

In neuropathic pain (NP), a dysregulation of glial functions in the central and peripheral nervous systems has been described, and the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators is lost in the transition from acute to chronic pain. This raises the possibility to resolve pain via the induction of anti-inflammatory cytokines that have a protective role against neuroinflammatory events. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), an anti-inflammatory cytokine is able to counteract the development of chronic NP.

Electrospinning Versus Solvent Casting Approach to Fabricate Tailored PES/SPES/PVP Membranes of Next Generation.

This study explored the potential of blending poly-(ether sulfone)/disulfonated poly-(ether sulfone) (PES/SPES) at various weight ratios with and without polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to enhance the membrane properties for potential applications like fuel cells, water treatment, and lithium-ion battery separators. SPES was appropriately synthesized as a copolymer constituted of alternated unsulfonated (ES) and disulfonated (SES) sequences, achieving a degree of sulfonation of about 100%. SPES improved the membrane's hydrophilicity, while PVP acts as compatibilizer of PES/SPES blends and pore creator.

Personalized or Standard Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: PARTHENOPE Randomized Trial.

Background: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is recommended for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), although its optimal duration remains uncertain.

Objectives: We performed a randomized trial comparing a personalized duration of DAPT, based on a risk score, for 3-, 6-, or 24-months with a standard duration of DAPT for 12 months after PCI.

Methods: We randomly assigned 2,107 patients undergoing PCI to receive either a personalized or a standard DAPT.

Xylem morphology influences lemon susceptibility to mal secco disease.

In plants, xylem is directly involved in conveyance of water and dissolved minerals, mechanical support of the plant, and tolerance to drought stress. Moreover, for several fruit crops affected by vascular diseases, an association between the morphology of xylem vessels and susceptibility was described. In fact, compartmentalization represents a key determinant mechanism of plant resistance to vascular infections.

Carnosine Biofunctionalized Hydroxyapatite Induces Copper-Driven Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis, Strengthening Its Bone Regenerative Capacities.

Hydroxyapatite (Hap) is a prominent biomaterial used as an effective implant material in bone tissue engineering, but its use presents some points of weakness in bone regeneration efficiency. Different biofunctionalization strategies have been utilized to increase the regenerative Hap capacities. Carnosine (Car) or β-alanyl-l-histidine dipeptide has received much attention due to its beneficial effects in osteoarticular diseases and bone tissue healing.

The Role of Rapid and Advanced Microbiological Methods in Critical Care: 2025 EMANUELE RUSSO Delphi Consensus.

Scope: Interpretation of rapid and advanced microbiological test results remains nonstandardized, with no existing reference guidelines. This study aimed to analyze the existing evidence and provide expert guidance on the use of these techniques in critically ill patients.

Methods: A Delphi consensus process was conducted by a multidisciplinary panel of experts, including microbiologists, infectious disease specialists, intensivists, surgeons, and pulmonologists.

Combining point-of-care ultrasound with physical examination in a pediatric emergency department of ovarian torsion: A case report.

Background: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is the use of portable ultrasound devices by trained healthcare professionals to diagnose and monitor medical conditions directly at the patient's bedside, such as in emergency settings. We described a case where POCUS use, in Pediatric Emergency Department, allowed an early diagnosis and timely management in the surgical department, with a favorable outcome for child. Therefore we write this case because it is desirable to popularize ultrasound as the fifth pillar of clinical examination especially in Emergency Department.

Spectral phasor imaging on a commercial confocal microscope without a spectral detector.

Spectral imaging is a fluorescence microscopy technique with several applications, including imaging of environment-sensitive probes, spectral unmixing and identification of fluorescent species. In confocal microscopes not equipped with a spectral detection unit, spectral images can be obtained using the lambda scan mode of the microscope, namely the sequential acquisition of images using a tunable emission filter or other dispersive optical elements. Unfortunately, the lambda scan mode has poor temporal resolution, is a photon-wasting technique, and is not ideal for the spectral imaging of live samples.

Evolutionary Overview and Future Perspectives: ESR1 Mutations, Liquid Biopsy, and Artificial Intelligence for a New Era of Personalized Medicine in ER+ Breast Cancer.

ESR1 gene mutations represent one of the main mechanisms of acquired resistance to endocrine therapy (ET) in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. The introduction of liquid biopsy as a minimally invasive technique for analyzing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has opened new avenues for real-time mutation monitoring and personalized treatment strategies. This review explores the clinical relevance of ESR1 mutations in endocrine resistance, the potential of liquid biopsy for early detection and monitoring, and the integration of advanced sequencing technologies and artificial intelligence to improve diagnostic accuracy.

Two-Year Turning Point With Dupilumab in CRSwNP: Control, Remission, and Tapering Dosage.

Background: Dupilumab is an effective treatment for severe, uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Most real-life studies have been conducted on small patient cohorts for up to 1 year.

Methods: This ambispective, multicentric, 2-year-long study evaluated dupilumab effectiveness (including treatment response, disease control, and remission) and safety in severe, uncontrolled CRSwNP patients from the DUPIREAL Italian study centers.

Development of a nomogram for sperm retrieval at microTESE for idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia in a multi-center cohort study.

Background: Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) affects approximately 10% of infertile men and represents a major challenge in assisted reproductive technology (ART). A model that includes histological variants could be helpful in predicting sperm retrieval rate (SRR) after microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) in patients affected by NOA and without genetic abnormalities OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a predictive nomogram integrating clinical and histopathological variables to estimate SRR in NOA patients undergoing microTESE.

Material And Methods: A multi-center retrospective/prospective cohort study was conducted between 2022 and 2024, enrolling 333 men diagnosed with NOA across six academic centers.

Old Therapy, New Questions: Rethinking Phlebotomy in a Pharmacologic Landscape.

Therapeutic phlebotomy remains a key intervention in the management of erythrocytosis and iron overload disorders, particularly polycythemia vera (PV) and hereditary hemochromatosis. Despite its historical origins as an ancient practice, venesection continues to be recommended in international guidelines for the reduction of hematocrit and iron burden, thereby mitigating thrombotic and organ-related complications. However, the evolving landscape of targeted pharmacologic therapies is reshaping the therapeutic paradigm.

Congenital Parvovirus B19 During the 2024 European Resurgence: A Prospective Single-Centre Cohort Study.

Parvovirus B19 (B19V) re-emerged across Europe in 2024, raising concerns about vertical transmission and neonatal morbidity. We undertook a prospective, single-centre cohort study to characterise the early clinical course of congenitally infected neonates born between April and December 2024. Seventy-one pregnancies with serologically or PCR-confirmed maternal infection were enrolled; seven neonates met laboratory criteria for congenital B19V infection and were followed with serial clinical, biochemical and imaging assessments through the first year of life.