The X-Age Project to construct a Chinese aging clock.

The global surge in the population of people 60 years and older, including that in China, challenges healthcare systems with rising age-related diseases. To address this demographic change, the Aging Biomarker Consortium (ABC) has launched the X-Age Project to develop a comprehensive aging evaluation system tailored to the Chinese population. Our goal is to identify robust biomarkers and construct composite aging clocks that capture biological age, defined as an individual's physiological and molecular state, across diverse Chinese cohorts.

Semaphorin 3A-mediated perineuronal nets formation incubates depressive-like behaviors in male mice via activating parvalbumin-expressing interneurons.

Dysfunction of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV-INs) in the cerebral cortex has been implicated in major depressive disorder. Perineuronal nets (PNNs), which encapsulate PV-INs, are considered to influence the structural and functional properties of PV-INs. Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) is a secreted protein constituent of PNNs, but the specific roles of Sema3A in modulating PV-INs during stress remain unknown.

Assessing the relative roles of systemic, non-systemic and transovarial transmission pathways for severe fever with thrombocytopaenia syndrome virus and its implications for future research and intervention strategies.

Severe fever with thrombocytopaenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) was identified by the World Health Organization as a priority pathogen due to its high case-fatality rate in humans and rapid spread. It is maintained in nature through three transmission pathways: systemic, non-systemic and transovarial. Understanding the relative contributions of these transmission pathways is crucial for developing evidence-informed public health interventions to reduce its spillover risks to humans.

Study on the pyrolysis interactions of different anatomical parts of flue-cured tobacco stalks and the catalytic cracking characteristics of nicotine.

The pyrolysis of flue-cured tobacco stalks (TS) faces challenges such as low bio-oil value and utilization efficiency. Existing studies have overlooked the anatomical heterogeneity of tobacco stalks, thereby limiting the directional regulation of high-value components, such as nicotine and phenolic compounds. This study divides TS into the husk (TSH), xylem (TSX), and pith (TSP), and investigates their physicochemical properties, pyrolysis behavior (through TGA and fixed-bed pyrolysis experiments), and interactions.

Effects of chicken manure-derived black soldier fly organic fertilizer on soil carbon and nitrogen cycling: insights from metagenomic and microbial network analysis.

Black soldier fly (BSF) organic fertilizer is known to enhance soil fertility and promote plant growth. However, its effects on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling remains unclear. In this study, we established a BSF chicken manure bioconversion system to produce BSF organic fertilizer and investigate its impacts on soil C and N cycling, as well as microbial ecological networks through metagenomic analysis.

The pathogenesis of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy: Progress and therapeutic implications.

Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is an emerging and severe form of myositis. Most patients experience persistent muscle weakness or recurrent attacks within their lifetime. The previous view suggests that autoimmune and complement activation play a key role in muscle damage, and aggressive immunotherapy may benefit patients.

A collagen/silk fibroin/magnesium hydroxide multifunctional sponge with enhanced mechanical strength, rapid hemostasis, and antibacterial properties for promoting infectious wound healing.

Hemostatic intervention at the bleeding site during early-phase wound management plays a crucial role in reducing trauma-induced complications and mortality, while advanced wound dressings facilitate hemorrhage control, exudate management, and antimicrobial protection to promote optimal healing outcomes. To address these issues, we developed a multifunctional collagen/silk fibroin/Mg(OH)₂ (Col/SF/Mg(OH)₂) composite sponge combining enhanced mechanical strength, rapid hemostasis, and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. The incorporation of silk fibroin (SF) through covalent crosslinking increased the elastic modulus by 4.

Ultrahigh Sensitive Human Inspired Neurons for Artificial Nociceptor Systems.

Mimicking human brain functionalities with neuromorphic devices represents a pivotal breakthrough in developing bioinspired electronic systems. The human somatosensory system provides critical environmental information and facilitates responses to harmful stimuli, endowing us with good adaptive capabilities. However, current sensing technologies often struggle with insufficient sensitivity, dynamic response, and integration challenges.

F-FDG Versus Tissue Factor-Targeted PET/CT in Longitudinal Evaluation of the Formation of DEN-Induced Rat Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Tissue factor (TF) has emerged as a promising target for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there is limited data available on TF-related PET imaging for longitudinal monitoring of the pathophysiological changes during HCC formation. Herein, we aimed to explore the TF-expression feature and compare a novel TF-targeted PET probe with F-FDG through longitudinal imaging in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced rat HCC.

Global burden of osteoarthritis in middle-aged adults (40-59 years): estimates from the global burden of disease 2021 study.

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of chronic pain and disability worldwide, traditionally viewed as a disease of aging. However, emerging evidence highlights its increasing prevalence among middle-aged adults (40-59 years), a population critical to socioeconomic stability. This study is designed to assess the burden of OA among middle-aged adults.

Cost Effectiveness of Recombinant Zoster Vaccine and Live-Attenuated Vaccine Against Herpes Zoster for Adults Aged 50 and Over in China.

Objective: Two vaccines against herpes zoster (HZ) are currently authorized for use in China: the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) and live-attenuated Zoster Vaccine Live (ZVL). The significant disparities in prices and efficacy between the two vaccines necessitate an evaluation of their relative value in order to make an informed choice. This study aimed to evaluate the comparative cost effectiveness of RZV, ZVL, and no vaccination for older adults at different ages from the societal perspective.

Design, Optimization, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Tapinarof Analogues as AHR Agonists for Topical Psoriasis Treatment.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the quality of life of patients. The aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) plays a pivotal role in maintaining the skin barrier integrity. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the structure-activity relationship of Tapinarof analogues.

TCRdb 2.0: an updated T-cell receptor sequence database.

T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire sequencing allows researchers to analyze millions of TCRs, providing unparalleled precision in understanding immune responses and enabling broad applications. However, existing TCR-related databases are based on a limited number of samples. Here, we present TCRdb2.

Truxenone-Based Covalent Organic Framework/Carbon Nanotube Composite for High-Performance Low-Temperature Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Low-temperature rechargeable batteries face great challenges due to the sluggish reaction kinetics. Redox covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with porous structures provide a viable solution to accelerate the ionic diffusion and reaction kinetics at low temperatures. However, the applications of COFs in low-temperature batteries are still at their infancy stage.

Omaveloxolone promotes macrophage M2 polarization by activating the NRF2-Keap1 pathway and improves myocardial remodeling induced by pressure overload.

Nuclear factor erythrocyte 2-associated factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important transcriptional regulator that plays a protective role in myocardial remodeling. Omaveloxolone (Omav) acts as an activator of Nrf2 and plays a protective role by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of Omav in myocardial remodeling and investigate the potential mechanism involved.

Bionic nanomedicines for microwave-triggered cuproptosis to enhance cancer immunotherapy.

Cuproptosis relies on intracellular copper accumulation and shows great potential in tumor therapy. However, the high content of glutathione (GSH) in tumor cells limits its effectiveness. Furthermore, the mechanism of immune activation mediated by cuproptosis remains unclear.

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis:Current Status and Challenges.

Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a stroke type that primarily affects young individuals, with various risk factors and complex mechanisms. It accounts for 0.5% to 3% of all stroke cases and can significantly impact daily activities and quality of life.

Three-dimensional optical path extended gourd-type photoacoustic cell for highly sensitive trace acetylene sensing.

A novel gourd-type photoacoustic cell (GTPAC) has been developed, featuring a highly reflective, polished gold film-coated inner wall that minimizes optical loss and maximizes light utilization efficiency. GTPAC integrates two coupled spherical chambers with a radius ratio 2:3, which is close to the golden ratio. Its unique Gaussian curvature distribution enables multi-directional, disordered light beam reflection without complex optical alignment.

A bibliometric analysis of the study of health equity of migrants.

Background: Research on migrants has grown significantly over the past 20 years. However, systematic reviews and summaries of the health equity of migrants are lacking.

Objective: This bibliometric analysis aims to reveal the knowledge structure, cooperation networks, and research frontiers in immigrant health equity for the first time, providing a framework and guidance for future studies.

Non-Saccharomyces yeasts enhance yield and flavor in industrial xiaoqu light-flavor baijiu production.

This study investigated the effects of adding Saccharomycopsis fibuligera (SF) and Pichia kudriavzevii (PK) on microbial communities and flavor substances in industrial xiaoqu light-flavor baijiu production. The result showed that the highest acidity was found in the control group (CK: Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhizopus) at the end of fermentation. SF and PK promoted the growth of Rhizopus while decreasing the abundance of S.

In vitro bioaccessibility of carotenoids in satsuma mandarin juice: Effects of high hydrostatic pressure and it-mediated matrix changes.

In this study, the effects of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP)-mediated alterations in matrix composition on the bioaccessibility of carotenoids in satsuma mandarin juice were assessed. Results showed that the total carotenoid content increased significantly under HHP treatment (300-600 MPa), and the total carotenoids bioaccessibility was optimal at 600 MPa/1 min. The bioaccessibility of carotenoids in satsuma mandarin juice was positively correlated with the contents of titratable acids, total phenols and total sugars, all of which increased significantly after HHP.

Phage therapy modulates the gut microbiome and immune responses in non-typhoidal Salmonella-induced colitis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two main conditions: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The role of foodborne pathogens, often transmitted through contaminated food, is a subject of ongoing research regarding their potential involvement in IBD. The most common foodborne pathogens S.

Comprehensive study on selenium- and zinc-enriched duck embryo egg powder: component analysis, safety evaluation and prostate protection effect.

Background: Selenium and zinc elements have been proven to participate in immune regulation and infertility improvement. Their potential has been confirmed in in prostatitis and reproductive performance modulation. In this study, first the composition of selenium- and zinc-enriched duck embryo egg (SZDE) powder was analyzed, especially trace elements and oligopeptides.

TET3 is a regulator and can be targeted for the intervention of myocardial fibrosis.

Cardiac fibrosis contributes to adverse cardiac remodeling and loss of heart function eventually leading to heart failure (HF). Resident cardiac fibroblasts are the principal source of myofibroblasts that produce extracellular matrix proteins to mediate cardiac fibrosis. We report that TET3 depletion in cultured cardiac fibroblasts blocked transition to myofibroblasts in response to different pro-fibrogenic stimuli.

Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase 9 improves sorafenib sensitivity by inducing ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: Dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9) not only regulates tumor progression and drug sensitivity, but also modifies oxidative stress mediated ferroptosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of DPP9 inhibition on sorafenib sensitivity and its interaction with ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Two HCC cell lines (Huh7 and MHCC-97H) were transfected with DPP9 siRNA, followed by detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ferrous iron (Fe), malondialdehyde (MDA), and ferroptosis-related proteins, and treated by 0-16 μM sorafenib to calculate half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) for sensitivity assessment.