The Worse the Physical Function, the More Probable the Concerns about Falling.

Few studies have explored the impact of poor physical function on concerns about falling (CaF) in older adults, often with low sensitivity due to fragmented assessments. The functional continuum (FC), which covers the full range from robust function to disability, may better capture the relationship between physical function and CaF risk. Using data from NHATS (Rounds 1-10), a proportional hazards model examined CaF risk stratification by FC categories.

Comparison of angiographically derived coronary radial wall strain and superficial wall stress for the characterization of plaque vulnerability.

Background: Angiography-derived radial wall strain (RWS) estimates the radial coronary wall deformation caused by pulsatile blood pressure, whereas superficial wall stress (SWS) summarizes the comprehensive wall deformation caused by both blood pressure and cardiac motion. This study sought to investigate the difference between RWS and SWS for the association with plaque vulnerability and the impact of cardiac motion on RWS.

Methods: Concurrent RWS, cardiac motion-induced bending angle change (ΔCBA), SWS, and optical coherence tomography image analyses were retrospectively performed in 49 eligible intermediate coronary lesions.

Yolk extract-derived vitellogenin 2 ameliorates muscle atrophy in mice the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Eggs play an important role in skeletal muscle development, but their active components are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of yolk extract-derived vitellogenin 2 on dexamethasone (DEX)- and cancer cachexia (CC)-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. We used iTRAQ to detect the changes in protein expression between fertilized egg yolk extract (FEYE) and unfertilized egg yolk extract (UEYE).

Making Restoration Effective for Dynamic Coastal Wetlands.

To halt and reverse the trends of ecosystem loss and degradation under global change, nations globally are promoting ecosystem restoration. Restoration is particularly crucial to coastal wetlands (including tidal marshes, mangrove forests, and tidal flats), which are among the most important ecosystems on Earth but have been severely depleted and degraded. In this review, we explore the question of how to make restoration more effective for coastal wetlands in light of the often-overlooked dynamic nature of these transitional ecosystems between land and ocean.

Indobufen Versus Aspirin Plus Clopidogrel in Patients After Coronary Stenting in Patients With Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of the OPTION Trial.

Background: Despite increased risk of ischemic events in diabetes, the optimal anti-thrombotic strategy for secondary prevention has not been defined. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of optimal antiplatelet agents such as indobufen-based dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with diabetes after coronary stenting.

Methods: OPTION trial was a randomized, open-label, noninferiority, and multicentric study in China.

Research on the changes in the disease burden of nasopharyngeal carcinoma caused by global occupational formaldehyde exposure from 1990 to 2021 and prediction of future trends.

Background: Explore the changes in the burden of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) caused by occupational formaldehyde exposure from 1990 to 2021, and predict its development trend up to 2050, to provide references for formulating relevant policies and measures.

Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease database 2021 (GBD 2021), we counted and analyzed the numbers and standardized rates of NPC deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) caused by occupational formaldehyde exposure globally, in 21 regions, and in 204 countries. Combined with correlation analysis, health inequality analysis, and frontier analysis, we further comprehensively described the disease burden and its changing trends.

Comprehensive Analysis of lncRNA/circRNAs-miRNA-mRNA Networks of Oral Lichen Planus.

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is T cell-mediated inflammatory disease affecting the oral mucosa, and its molecular mechanism remains poorly understood.

Objective: This study aimed to screen for OLP-related hub genes and construct a network of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to explore the crucial mechanisms involved in the disease.

Methods: Proteomic and transcriptomic sequencing were performed on oral mucosa collected from OLP patients and healthy participants, respectively.

The ACSS2-PPARD-BCAT1 axis synchronously regulates branched-chain amino acid metabolism and development in pancreatic cancer.

The characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of pancreatic cancer include an abundant stroma, hypoxia, insufficient blood supply and high degree of immunosuppression. Therefore, overcoming the TME conditions to reach a hypermetabolic state is a concern for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Previous studies have demonstrated that tumor cells adapt to the TME by activating or increasing the expression level of ACSS2 under metabolic stress.

Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Signatures of Acute Circadian Misalignment in Mice.

Acute circadian misalignment, such as that induced by a single episode of jet lag, can leave molecular traces even after behavioral rhythms appear to recover. Here, we applied an integrated multi-omics approach-combining liver transcriptomics and plasma metabolomics-to characterize residual signatures on the 7th day after a single 6-h phase advance in male mice. Our data revealed significant alterations, particularly in the core clock genes Bmal1 and Cry1, and the metabolites l-arginine and SM(d18:1/18:1(11Z)), with notable differences at Zeitgeber Time 0 (ZT0).

Sono-Controllable Janus Hydrogel Platform for Sequential Tumor Eradication and Bone Regeneration in Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Bone metastases occur in 60%-75% of patients with metastatic breast cancer, reducing survival rates and compromising quality of life. Innovative treatments are urgently needed to sequentially eradicate tumor cells and promote bone regeneration. In this study, a novel Janus hydrogel platform (GA@CaMP) is developed for encapsulating the sonosensitive composite nanomaterial MHP, which enables gene expression regulation, along with oxygen-releasing CaO NPs.

Spatial Transcriptomics Reveals Transcriptomic and Immune Microenvironment Reprogramming during Thyroid Carcinoma Dedifferentiation.

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most lethal human malignancies, often evolving from differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) through a poorly understood dedifferentiation process. To elucidate this transition, spatial transcriptomic sequencing (spRNAseq) is performed on seven samples containing coexisting regions of ATC, poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma, and DTC. SpRNAseq revealed that ATC regions were characterized by upregulated genes involved in immune suppression, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling.

Association between maternal circulating total triiodothyronine and subsequent risk of preeclampsia.

Introduction: To clarify the uncertain association between maternal total triiodothyronine (TT3) levels and preeclampsia risk.

Methods: In a hospital-based cohort of pregnant women with universal thyroid testing, we assessed the association between TT3 and preeclampsia using directed acyclic graphs (DAG) to control confounders.

Results: Maternal TT3 levels were associated with preeclampsia risk, with an adjusted odd ratio (OR) of 2.

Synthesis of transition metal-sensitized lanthanide near-infrared luminescent nanoparticles.

The versatility of lanthanide-doped near-infrared (NIR, 700-1,700 nm) luminescent nanoparticles makes them valuable tools in various scientific and technological fields, from bioimaging to information security. However, the luminescence intensity of typical lanthanide-doped nanoparticles is significantly influenced by the efficiency of the sensitizer. The introduction of transition metal ions (such as Cr, Mn and Ni) can greatly enrich the library of lanthanide NIR luminescence nanoparticles.

Clinical gene therapy restores hearing: a paradigm shift.

Recent breakthroughs in gene therapy for autosomal recessive deafness 9 (DFNB9) caused by OTOF mutations have transformed treatment paradigms for hereditary hearing loss (HHL). To date, eight clinical trials targeting DFNB9 have been registered in 51 centers across eight countries, demonstrating the rapid progress of gene therapy in auditory medicine. These pioneering studies establish the framework for the clinical translation of gene therapy targeting HHL.

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) depletion promotes ferroptosis to reverse cisplatin-resistance via enhancing NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy in ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer remains the deadliest gynecological malignancy, with cisplatin resistance being a major therapeutic challenge. This study investigates the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in cisplatin resistance and its regulation mechanisms through ferroptosis and ferritinophagy. In this study, significant overexpression of HO-1 was observed in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells and tissues, correlating with poor patient prognosis.

Blue light preconditioning as a novel strategy for reducing transport stress in zebrafish.

In recent years, zebrafish have become increasingly important in experimental sciences, with transportation being a critical step in their use. However, the vibrations during transportation often induce stress responses in the fish, impairing their physiological functions and even leading to death. As a key environmental modulator, light conditions have been shown to significantly affect the physiological state of fish.

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) O-serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance profiles among the aging population in China: A longitudinal, multi-center study.

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is a leading cause of community-acquired bacteremia and sepsis, which contributes to the substantial burden of invasive E. coli disease (IED) in older adults. This study aimed to estimate the O-serotype distribution of blood and sterile site ExPEC among older adults in China and the characteristics of antimicrobial resistance, O-serotypes, and O genotypes.

Target volume delineation of the neck for radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: CSTRO, CACA, CSCO, HNCIG, ESTRO, and ASTRO guidelines and contouring atlas.

The Chinese Society for Therapeutic Radiology Oncology, the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology, the Head and Neck Cancer International Group, the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology, and the American Society for Radiation Oncology collaboratively developed evidence-based guidelines and a comprehensive contouring atlas for neck target volume delineation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. These guidelines address five key challenges in modern radiotherapy practice: margin design of clinical target volume; nodal target volume delineation after induction chemotherapy; delineation of equivocal nodes evident on imaging; low-risk clinical target volume delineation based on regional stepwise extension patterns; and modifications for anatomical boundaries of lymphatic areas. Developed through a rigorous systematic review and expert appraisal process by a panel of 50 international, multidisciplinary members from 17 countries and regions, these guidelines incorporate the latest advances in nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis and treatment.

Primary target volume delineation for radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: CSTRO, CACA, CSCO, HNCIG, ESTRO, and ASTRO guidelines and contouring atlas.

The Chinese Society for Therapeutic Radiology Oncology, the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology, Head and Neck Cancer International Group, the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology, and the American Society for Radiation Oncology jointly developed evidence-based guidelines and a contouring atlas for primary target volume delineation for radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The guidelines systematically address three crucial challenges: margin design of clinical target volumes; target volume delineation after induction chemotherapy; and low-risk clinical target volume delineation based on local stepwise extension patterns. Based on a comprehensive systematic review and critical appraisal by an international multidisciplinary panel of 50 nasopharyngeal carcinoma specialists from 17 countries and regions, these guidelines are in keeping with advances in nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis and treatment, embodying contemporary treatment concepts, and elaborating on the differences in practice.

Design, synthesis, and biological activity of novel para-substituted phenylamino and phenyl derivatives of northebaine as selective delta opioid receptor agonists.

The delta opioid receptor (DOR) is a promising target for developing analgesics with fewer side effects compared to mu opioid receptor (MOR) agonists. However, non-peptidyl DOR-selective agonists remain limited. Using the "message-address" concept in opioid ligand design, we designed and synthesized a series of para-substituted N-cyclopropylmethyl-7α-phenyl-6,14-endoetheno-tetrahydronorthebaines to explore their binding affinity and selectivity for DOR over MOR and kappa opioid receptor (KOR).

Epidemiological and molecular investigation of a norovirus GII.17 outbreak in a kindergarten in Shanghai, China.

Introduction: Norovirus (NoV) is among the most prevalent pathogens responsible for non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in humans on a global scale.

Methodology: In September 2024, an epidemiological investigation and etiological analysis of a norovirus outbreak at a kindergarten in Shanghai Municipality of China was conducted to provide insights for preventing and controlling similar incidents in the future.

Results: A total of nine cases of vomiting and diarrhea were reported in the outbreak, involving eight students and one teacher in the same class.

Classification of recurrence patterns in surgically treated non-small cell lung cancer - A systematic review and a call for standardization.

Background: Despite significant advancements in early detection and treatment, cancer recurrence remains a major challenge, affecting 30-55 % of patients within two years following surgery. Tumor recurrence is commonly classified as local, locoregional, regional or distant, yet a unified consensus on these definitions is still lacking.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review of the recent literature (2020-2024) was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to collect site-specific recurrence definitions.

Photochemical H dissociation for nearly quantitative CO reduction to ethylene.

Producing olefins by carbon dioxide (CO) hydrogenation is a long-standing goal. The usual products are multicarbon mixtures because the critical step of heterolytic hydrogen (H) dissociation at high temperatures complicates selectivity control. In this study, we report that irradiating gold-titanium dioxide at 365 nanometers induces heterolytic H dissociation at ambient temperature.