Full-Endoscopic Spinal Canal Decompression After Direct Midline Splitting of the Spinous Process: A Technical Note.

For lumbar spinal canal stenosis, endoscopic spine surgery typically employs a unilateral approach. While this approach has the advantage of early access to the lamina, it risks damage to the facet joint on the entry side. Additionally, decompression of the ipsilateral lateral recess can be challenging, sometimes resulting in inadequate decompression laterally, leading to incomplete symptom relief.

Integrating clinical anxiety scales with pre-trained language models for anxiety recognition on social media.

Leveraging natural language processing to identify anxiety states from social media has been widely studied. However, existing research lacks deep user-level semantic modeling and effective anxiety feature extraction. Additionally, the absence of clinical domain knowledge in current models limits their interpretability and medical relevance.

Japan's Perspective on Facilitating Drug Development Through Asian Cooperation in Multi-Regional Clinical Trials: Insights From Regulatory Research.

Multi-regional clinical trials (MRCTs) have recently become a popular strategy for novel drug development, contributing to the early access to novel medicines in participating regions by enhancing development efficiency. To further facilitate MRCTs in Asia, the Japanese government has financially supported research activities in Japan for over 15 years that have studied the effect of ethnic factors on drug responses and identified practical challenges in conducting MRCTs in Asia. This mini-review highlights these research outcomes and related articles and presents our perspective on the current situation and future direction of MRCTs to explore opportunities for more collaboration between Japan and other East Asian/South-East Asian countries to facilitate drug development.

Developmental outcomes of small infants at a high-risk clinic: A short-term longitudinal study.

Background:  Small infants face more developmental risks than their full-term peers, necessitating early intervention and long-term monitoring.

Objectives:  This study examined the longitudinal developmental and hearing outcomes of small infants attending a high-risk clinic in a South African low-income community setting.

Method:  A short-term longitudinal within-subject descriptive study design was employed, where 28 participants underwent hearing and developmental screenings and assessments at two follow-up appointments (T1 and T2), at 6- and 12-month corrected age.

Communicating Health Research With Plain Language.

Although critical to enacting change, effectively communicating clinical and public health research results remains a challenge. In a webinar that occurred on December 7, 2023, a group of clinical and public health researchers and communications specialists convened to share their experiences using plain language materials to communicate research results. Herein, they provide practical guidance and case examples of lay summaries, infographics, data dashboards, and zines, along with challenges and potential solutions.

Amivantamab Plus Chemotherapy in Japanese Patients With EGFR Exon 20 Insertions NSCLC.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutations (EGFR Exon 20ins) are the third most common mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and are associated with a poorer prognosis and resistance to conventional EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This subpopulation analysis of the open-label phase 3 trial (PAPILLION) evaluates the efficacy and safety of amivantamab-chemotherapy versus chemotherapy among Japanese patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR Exon 20ins mutation (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04538664).

Clinical and genetic characterization of Weaver syndrome: A case report of an EZH2 mutation and review of the literature.

Rationale: Weaver syndrome is a rare congenital overgrowth disorder characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations that often overlap with other overgrowth syndromes. It is primarily caused by pathogenic variants in the Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) gene on chromosome 7q36.1.

L-shaped association of systemic inflammation response index with rheumatoid arthritis in U.S. adults: Evidence from NHANES 1999 to 2020.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition characterized by widespread and persistent inflammation. In this study, we sought to investigate the association between the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and the likelihood of RA occurrence among individuals in the United States. This study conducted a retrospective analysis using data collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2020.

From crisis to recovery: A case report on nursing strategies for hepatitis E post-cardiac arrest.

Rationale: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-support technology for refractory cardiac arrest, but the massive blood transfusions required during treatment significantly increase the risk of transfusion-related infections. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) - traditionally linked to fecal-oral transmission - is increasingly recognized as a transfusion-transmitted pathogen, especially in emergency settings where urgent blood product infusion is common and routine HEV screening in blood banks is often lacking. However, nursing strategies for managing acute HEV infection after ECMO remain poorly defined, highlighting the need to address this clinical gap.

Development and validation of a nomogram diagnostic model for sleep disorders in stroke patients: A cross-sectional study.

Stroke is a severe neurological disorder that significantly impacts patients' recovery and quality of life. Stroke patients frequently experience sleep disorders, including difficulty initiating sleep, insomnia, vivid dreams, and sleep apnea. These disorders not only disrupt nighttime rest but also significantly affect stroke recovery and prognosis, increasing the risks of recurrence and mortality.

Factors associated with postoperative shivering after total knee arthroplasty and development and validation of a predictive model.

Postoperative shivering is a common complication following anesthesia, which can increase oxygen consumption, prolong recovery, and affect patient comfort and safety. Understanding its risk factors is important for improving postoperative outcomes and guiding preventive strategies. To investigate the associated risk factors for postoperative shivering after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to develop and validate a predictive model.

Diagnosis of Cytomegalovirus infection in a very low birth weight infant using metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case report.

Rationale: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a DNA virus from the herpesvirus family that is widespread among humans. Very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) are particularly susceptible to postnatal CMV infection due to their compromised immune systems. The clinical manifestations of postnatal CMV infection are often nonspecific, which complicates early detection and may lead to multi-organ dysfunction and long-term sequelae.

Acute stent placement for dynamic airway collapse after cardiac surgery in congenital heart disease with bronchial stenosis: A case report.

Rationale: Tracheomalacia, typically seen in relapsing polychondritis,[1] is rarely reported in association with congenital heart disease (CHD). In patients with pulmonary hypoperfusion-type CHD, surgical repair results in a rapid increase in pulmonary blood flow, predisposing them to mucus retention, airway obstruction, and respiratory distress. We describe acute airway collapse in a patient with double outlet right ventricle and congenital bronchial stenosis following cardiac repair.

Maternal assessments of family climate in mother-child dyads: investigating the role of maternal borderline personality disorder in mental representations.

Background: Family climate substantially influences children’s socio-emotional development. We examined mothers’ mental representations of their children and their relationships in three groups of mothers with young children (0–6 years): mothers (1) with a borderline personality disorder (BPD) (2), with a depressive or anxiety disorder but no BPD (AD/D), or (3) without a current mental disorder (CON). We expected both clinical groups to show more negative mental representations – more expressed emotion reflecting a critical attitude toward the child in general, more hostile attributions to child misbehavior in particular, and a less balanced view of the child (i.

Factors associated with early response to efgartigimod in patients with generalized myasthenia gravis: a multicenter retrospective observational study.

Background And Purpose: Efgartigimod has demonstrated efficacy in generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) in both clinical trials and real-world studies. However, factors influencing early response have been less reported. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of efgartigimod in a multicenter gMG cohort and to identify the clinical factors associated with early therapeutic response.

Incidence, risk factors, prognosis of periprosthetic fractures post hip fracture: unveiling protective role of anti-osteoporotic medication.

Unlabelled: People with a hip fracture are prone to break the bone around the metal repair, causing severe health issues. This study found that initiating anti-osteoporotic medication soon after the first fracture halves that risk, highlighting the benefit of early osteoporosis treatment.

Background: Hip fractures pose significant clinical challenges, often leading to prolonged hospitalization, reduced quality of life, and increased risk of subsequent fractures.

Comprehensive analysis of clinical, radiological profiles, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up outcomes in pediatric neurocysticercosis patients: a retrospective observational study.

Introduction: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a parasitic infection of the central nervous system caused by the ingestion of Taenia solium eggs, typically through the consumption of undercooked pork or contaminated water. Recognized as a leading preventable cause of epilepsy, NCC poses a significant public health challenge, particularly in developing nations such as India. This retrospective observational study aimed to investigate the clinical manifestations, radiological characteristics, diagnostic approaches, therapeutic interventions, and follow-up outcomes of pediatric patients diagnosed with NCC.

Risk Factors Pituitary Adenomas Development in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: A Nationwide Study of 240 Cases.

Objective: Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are one of the three major lesions in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), with a prevalence of 32 to 58%, yet their specific risk factors remain unidentified. This study aimed to identify predictors influencing PA occurrence in MEN1.

Methods: This nationwide, multicenter, retrospective cohort study involved 240 MEN1 patients, 55.

Management of chylous pleural and peritoneal effusions in a cirrhotic patient: A case report and review of literature.

This case report details the management of a patient with cirrhosis who developed chylous pleural and peritoneal effusions. The patient, with a 28-year history of untreated hepatitis B, presented with dyspnea and cough after traveling to a high-altitude area. Imaging and laboratory tests confirmed the presence of chylous effusions.

[Analysis of the current research status and trends in retinal vein occlusion based on bibliometrics].

To assess the current research status of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and to explore its research trends and hotspots based on bibliometrics. A bibliometric study was conducted on April 25, 2024, retrieving articles from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, and Web of Science Core Collection covering 2014 to 2023. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Microsoft Excel were used for visualization and analysis of annual publications, country distribution, author productivity, journals, cited references, and keywords.

Ingestible biosensors for drug delivery monitoring.

Ingestible biosensors are a mix of advanced biomedical engineering, digital health and precision pharmacotherapy. These miniaturised electronic devices are encapsulated in biocompatible materials, which operate within gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This enables real-time monitoring of pharmacological and physiological parameters.

Latent class growth mixture modeling of HbA1C trajectories identifies individuals at high risk of developing complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the UK Biobank.

Introduction: Frequent glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) monitoring is recommended in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). We aimed to identify distinct, long-term HbA1c trajectories following a T2D diagnosis and investigate how these glycemic control trajectories were associated with health-related traits and T2D complications.

Research Design And Methods: A cohort of 12,435 unrelated individuals of European ancestry with T2D was extracted from the UK Biobank data linked to primary care records.

Sparing effects of FLASH irradiation in patient-derived lung tissue.

Background And Purpose: Radiation toxicities, such as pneumonitis and fibrosis, are major limitations affecting patients' quality of life. Developed a decade ago, FLASH radiotherapy is an innovative method that, by delivering radiation at ultrafast dose rate, reduces radiation toxicities on healthy tissue while preserving the anti-tumoral effect of radiotherapy. This so-called FLASH effect has been described in different preclinical models but has not been observed in human tissue.

Development of a patient-facing clinical decision support application for hypertension.

Background Hypertension is a chronic condition defined by persistent high blood pressure (BP) that leads to significant health impacts. Evidence-based clinical guidelines provide recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. These recommendations are frequently incorporated into clinical decision support (CDS) systems used by clinicians.