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Adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) enables high-resolution retinal imaging, eye tracking, and stimulus delivery in the living eye. AOSLO-mediated visual stimuli are created by temporally modulating the excitation light as it scans across the retina. As a result, each location within the field of view receives a brief flash of light during each scanner cycle (every 33-40 ms). Here, we used in vivo calcium imaging with AOSLO to investigate the impact of this intermittent stimulation on the retinal ON and OFF pathways. Raster-scanning exaggerated existing ON-OFF pathway asymmetries at high light levels, leading to high baseline activity in ON cells and increased rectification in OFF cells.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/BOE.566008 | DOI Listing |
Exp Eye Res
September 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China. Electronic address:
Purpose: A disintegrin-like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif 13 (ADAMTS13) has been found to increase and to be associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR). The study aimed to identify the role of ADAMTS13 in the pathogenesis of angiogenesis in DR.
Methods: ADAMTS13 expression was evaluated in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMVECs), vitreous sample from patients with proliferative DR and diabetic mice model using western blot, real time-quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence and ELISA.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
September 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Purpose: To explore the causal links between antihypertension drugs usage and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Methods: Multiple genetic analyses, including summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR), traditional MR, and colocalization analysis, were used to explore the causal associations between antihypertension drugs and AMD. Clinical data from the UK Biobank and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was applied to refined risk assessment of specific antihypertensive medications in the context of AMD development.
Elife
September 2025
Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States.
Fragile X syndrome (FXS), a leading inherited cause of intellectual disability and autism, is frequently accompanied by sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances. In this study, we comprehensively characterized these disruptions and evaluated the therapeutic potential of a circadian-based intervention in the fragile X mental retardation 1 () knockout (KO) mouse. The KO mice exhibited fragmented sleep, impaired locomotor rhythmicity, and attenuated behavioral responses to light, linked to an abnormal retinal innervation and reduction of light-evoked neuronal activation in the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
September 2025
Department of Neurology, Beijing TianTan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Cognitive impairment and dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), pose a global health crisis, necessitating non-invasive biomarkers for early detection. This review highlights the retina, an accessible extension of the central nervous system (CNS), as a window to cerebral pathology through structural, functional, and molecular alterations. By synthesizing interdisciplinary evidence, we identify retinal biomarkers as promising tools for early diagnosis and risk stratification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
September 2025
Shanghai Yao Yuan Biotechnology Ltd (Drug Farm), Shanghai, China.
ROSAH (retinal dystrophy, optic nerve edema, splenomegaly, anhidrosis, and headache) syndrome is a rare genetic disease caused by variants in alpha-kinase 1 (ALPK1) resulting in downstream pro-inflammatory signaling mediated by the TIFA/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway. Here, we report the design of an ALPK1 inhibitor, DF-003, with pharmacokinetic properties suitable for daily oral dosing. In biochemical assays, DF-003 potently inhibits human ALPK1 (IC = 1.
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