Parkinson's disease with Onuf's nucleus involvement mimicking multiple system atrophy.

Urinary frequency, urgency and nocturia are common complaints in Parkinson's disease (PD). The hypothesis most widely proposed to explain neurogenic bladder symptoms in PD is that cell loss in the substantia nigra may cause detrusor hyperactivity due to a loss in the D1 receptor-mediated tonic inhibition of the micturition reflex, although other causes including anti-parkinsonian medication cortical effects have been considered.1 We present the clinical and pathological findings of a patient with parkinsonism who presented with prominent dysautonomia and a poor response to dopaminergic medications and was considered to have possible multiple system atrophy parkinsonism (MSA-P).

Asymmetric activation of retinal ON and OFF pathways by AOSLO raster-scanned visual stimuli.

Adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) enables high-resolution retinal imaging, eye tracking, and stimulus delivery in the living eye. AOSLO-mediated visual stimuli are created by temporally modulating the excitation light as it scans across the retina. As a result, each location within the field of view receives a brief flash of light during each scanner cycle (every 33-40 ms).

Fecundability in Association With Everyday and Lifetime Discrimination.

Importance: There are well-documented racial and socioeconomic disparities in fertility outcomes, yet little is known about the association between discrimination and fecundability.

Objective: To examine the association of self-reported experiences of everyday and lifetime discrimination with fecundability.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study included data from the Pregnancy Study Online, a web-based prospective preconception cohort study that examines whether lifestyle factors are associated with fertility and pregnancy.

Psychological distress and its potential risk factors among Black and White adult immigrants in the United States - National Health Interview Survey 2005-2018.

Objective: Psychological distress is associated with increased likelihood of chronic disease and mortality. Limited research has explored psychological distress among nationally representative minority and immigrant persons, especially Black and White immigrant populations who may be uniquely susceptible to psychological distress, its risk factors, and comorbidities. This current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of moderate to severe (hereafter, moderate-severe) psychological distress and assess its risk factors among Black and White immigrants, respectively.

Correlates of longitudinal patterns of racial discrimination in midlife and older Black adults: Evidence from the health and retirement study.

Objective: Single cross-sectional discrimination measures may mask dynamic patterns of cumulative experiences and exposure to racial discrimination. However, there is a dearth of studies assessing trajectories of racial discrimination, particularly among midlife and older Black adults in the United States. The study aims to identify trajectories of racial discrimination over 12 years.

Race, discrimination, and mental health adversity in Canada.

Objective: Canada is undergoing a crisis in mental health, and the federal government has established a strategy that is attentive to mental health among Black people. Our objective is to inform this work by understanding the relationships between race, discrimination, and mental health outcomes.

Methods: We obtained a sample of 17,526 respondents from the Canadian Community Health Survey Rapid Response Module on Experiences of Discrimination, which asked about respondent race and other sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics, the validated Williams Everyday Discrimination Scale, and mental health outcomes (mood and anxiety disorders, substance use, and self-rated mental health).

Racial and ethnic disparities in fecundability: a North American preconception cohort study.

Study Question: To what extent are there racial and ethnic disparities in fecundability in North America?

Summary Answer: In a North American preconception cohort study, we observed large differences in fecundability across racial and ethnic groups.

What Is Known Already: Several studies in the United States (USA) have shown that Black women tend to wait longer for fertility treatment and are less likely to seek medical care for infertility than White women. Among those who seek infertility treatment, there are large racial disparities in access to treatment and treatment success rates.

Considerations When Accounting for Race and Ethnicity in Studies of Poverty and Neurodevelopment.

Objective: Poverty and systemic racism are intertwined. Children of marginalized racial and ethnic identities experience higher levels of poverty and adverse psychiatric outcomes. Thus, in models of poverty and neurodevelopment, race and ethnicity, as proxies for exposure to systemic disadvantage, are regularly considered confounders.

Synthesis of Leiodolide A Macrolactone.

A convergent route toward the synthesis of leiodolide A () is described. Our studies explored reactions of the indium chloride-induced transmetalation of allylic stannane for nucleophilic addition with nonracemic aldehyde . The stereoselective formation of the all- stereotriad was rationalized by an isomerization to produce the -allylindium reagent for subsequent -Felkin addition.

Studies Toward the Synthesis of Leiodolide A.

Studies have described a highly convergent plan toward the synthesis of leiodolide A (), a potent cytotoxic sponge metabolite. The enantiocontrolled preparation of aldehyde is achieved with the application of several advances in methodology for the synthesis of substituted 1,3-oxazoles. Efforts have examined the halogen dance reaction, the selectivity of Stille cross coupling reactions of 4-bromo-1,3-oxazoles, and nucleophilic displacement of the 2-phenylsulfonyl substituent with organolithium reagents as preparatively useful reactions.

The role of religiosity and spirituality in coping with sickle cell disease clinical severity.

Objectives: Religiosity and spirituality often play a role in managing chronic diseases. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic chronic disease associated with lifelong complications, but there is limited analysis of the potential impact of religiosity and spirituality on SCD. This study aims to analyze the association between constructs of religiosity and spirituality with health outcomes (disease severity, depression, and pain) in an SCD population ( = 275).

Time to fix the biodiversity leak.

The risk that locally successful nature conservation may be shifting problems elsewhere can no longer be ignored.

Asymmetric Activation of Retinal ON and OFF Pathways by AOSLO Raster-Scanned Visual Stimuli.

Adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) enables high-resolution retinal imaging, eye tracking, and stimulus delivery in the living eye. AOSLO-mediated visual stimuli are created by temporally modulating the excitation light as it scans across the retina. As a result, each location within the field of view receives a brief flash of light during each scanner cycle (every 33-40 ms).

Religion and flourishing among Afro-Trinidadians: the influence of proneness to guilt/shame and forgiveness by God on the relationship between religious commitment and health.

Background: Religiousness has been consistently linked to positive health outcomes and flourishing, yet the underlying mechanisms are complex and not well-understood. The forgiveness and relational spirituality model offers a framework to explore the moderated mediation among religious commitment, health, and forgiveness by God. Understanding these relationships among university students and community residents in Trinidad and Tobago can provide valuable insights into the role of religiousness in promoting wellbeing.

Associations of Everyday Discrimination With Insomnia and Short Sleep Duration Among Older Women.

Background: Discrimination may contribute to sleep health disparities among women, yet limited research has investigated the association between discrimination and insomnia with short sleep.

Methods And Results: Among a racially and ethnically diverse sample of women (N=25 920; mean age, 72.2±6.

Associations of Major Lifetime and Everyday Discrimination with Cognitive Function among Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Objectives: We investigated the associations of lifetime and everyday discrimination with cognitive function.

Methods: Data were from the Chicago Community Adult Health Study (n=2952, mean age=43 years [SD=17]). We fitted multivariable linear regression models to quantify the discrimination-cognition associations.

Social support and ideal cardiovascular health in urban Jamaica: A cross-sectional study.

Recent studies have suggested that high levels of social support can encourage better health behaviours and result in improved cardiovascular health. In this study we evaluated the association between social support and ideal cardiovascular health among urban Jamaicans. We conducted a cross-sectional study among urban residents in Jamaica's south-east health region.

Multiple chronic diseases and psychological distress among adults in the United States: the intersectionality of chronic diseases, race/ethnicity, immigration, sex, and insurance coverage.

Purpose: Psychological distress significantly contributes to the burdens of morbidity and mortality in the United States (U.S.), but our understanding is limited with regards to the risk factors associated with psychological distress.

Relations of optimism and purpose in life to immune markers in aging.

Objective: Optimism and purpose in life are associated with improved health outcomes. More information is needed on biological mechanisms, including immunosenescence. We investigated if psychological well-being is associated with healthier immunosenescence-related measures including naïve and terminally differentiated CD4 and CD8 T cell percentages, CD4:CD8, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG response.

Synthesis Studies and the Evaluation of C Raloxifene Derivatives.

Methodology is described for the synthesis of C derivatives of raloxifene, a prescribed drug for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. Studies have explored the incorporation of electron-withdrawing substituents at C of the benzothiophene core. Efficient processes are also examined to introduce hydrogen bond donor and acceptor functionality.