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Wearable diabetic healthcare devices have attracted great attention for real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) using biofluids such as tears, sweat, saliva, and interstitial fluid via noninvasive ways. In response to the escalating global demand for CGM, these devices enable proactive management and intervention of diabetic patients with incorporated drug delivery systems (DDSs). In this context, multifunctional nanomaterials can trigger the development of innovative sensing and management platforms to facilitate real-time selective glucose monitoring with remarkable sensitivity, on-demand drug delivery, and wireless power and data transmission. The seamless integration into wearable devices ensures patient's compliance. This comprehensive review evaluates the multifaceted roles of these materials in wearable diabetic healthcare devices, comparing their glucose sensing capabilities with conventionally available glucometers and CGM devices, and finally outlines the merits, limitations, and prospects of these devices. This review would serve as a valuable resource, elucidating the intricate functions of nanomaterials for the successful development of advanced wearable devices in diabetes management.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122630 | DOI Listing |
ACS Appl Bio Mater
September 2025
Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China.
Wearable biosensors represent a significant advancement in preventive health monitoring by enabling early disease detection through real-time bioanalysis. This review examines the evolution of point-of-care testing (POCT), with a focus on materials, fabrication techniques, and real-world applications. These biosensors utilize advanced materials, such as supramolecular hydrogels, and innovative manufacturing methods, providing high sensitivity, specificity, and portability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chim Acta
October 2025
Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China. Electronic address:
Background: Blood glucose monitoring is of paramount importance for patients with diabetes. However, conventional glucose meters exhibit limited accuracy and present challenges for prolonged use, primarily due to the high consumption of glucose oxidase (GOD) and their sensitivity to temperature and environmental factors. phenylboronic acid (PBA), benefiting from its reversible reaction with glucose and superior stability, holds potential as a promising medium for long-term glucose monitoring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiosens Bioelectron
August 2025
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address:
This study reports a highly sensitive, flexible, and intelligent microfluidic glucose biosensor integrating machine learning (ML)-optimized and laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes with electrodeposited polyamine saccharide-functionalized glucose oxidase (CS/GluOx) crosslinked with polyethene glycol (PEG). LIG fabrication parameters were optimized using a supervised ML model (random forest regression), achieving R = 0.92 and RMSE = 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Diabetes Sci Technol
September 2025
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Inpatient hyperglycemia remains a challenge, as conventional insulin regimens often lead to both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. Traditional glucose monitoring methods, such as point-of-care testing, fail to detect diurnal and nocturnal glycemic fluctuations, contributing to suboptimal control. This review examines the effectiveness of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and automated insulin delivery (AID) systems in managing diabetes in hospitalized patients, including those with additional challenges such as end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), pregnancy, and steroid use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Healthc Mater
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China.
Plantar wounds, particularly diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), impose significant burdens on patients' quality of life and healthcare systems. Personalized wound management demands real-time monitoring of biomechanical parameters and effective therapeutic interventions to prevent exacerbations. Here, a dual-layer flexible liquid metal fiber (LMF) capable of simultaneous plantar pressure sensing and electrical stimulation for accelerated wound healing is presented.
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