Article Synopsis
- Aquaporins are versatile proteins that act as channels for water and neutral solutes, playing key roles in signaling, disease, and metabolism in plants and animals.
- Plant aquaporins, particularly those that transport ions, show a wide range of permeability and require precise regulation to function properly, influenced by protein interactions and modifications.
- Understanding ion-transporting aquaporins is complex due to their multifunctional roles that vary based on factors like location, stress, time, and developmental stage.
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Article Abstract
Aquaporins function as water and neutral solute channels, signaling hubs, disease virulence factors, and metabolon components. We consider plant aquaporins that transport ions compared to some animal counterparts. These are candidates for important, as yet unidentified, cation and anion channels in plasma, tonoplast, and symbiotic membranes. For those individual isoforms that transport ions, water, and gases, the permeability spans 12 orders of magnitude. This requires tight regulation of selectivity via protein interactions and posttranslational modifications. A phosphorylation-dependent switch between ion and water permeation in AtPIP2;1 might be explained by coupling between the gates of the four monomer water channels and the central pore of the tetramer. We consider the potential for coupling between ion and water fluxes that could form the basis of an electroosmotic transducer. A grand challenge in understanding the roles of ion transporting aquaporins is their multifunctional modes that are dependent on location, stress, time, and development.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-081720-013608 | DOI Listing |
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