Design of High-Performance MXene-Based 2D Membranes for Desalination via Machine Learning and Hybrid Optimization Algorithms.

The global scarcity of freshwater resources has intensified the demand for efficient seawater desalination technologies. However, conventional approaches, such as reverse osmosis and nanofiltration, often suffer from high energy consumption and limited membrane performance. MXene, a promising two-dimensional (2D) material, offers unique structural and surface chemical properties that can enhance membrane-based separations.

Electrochemical N-N Oxidatively Coupled Dehydrogenation of 3,5-Diamino-1-1,2,4-triazole for Value-Added Chemicals and Bipolar Hydrogen Production.

Electrochemical H production from water favors low-voltage molecular oxidation to replace the oxygen evolution reaction as an energy-saving and value-added approach. However, there exists a mismatch between the high demand for H and slow anodic reactions, restricting practical applications of such hybrid systems. Here, we propose a bipolar H production approach, with anodic H generation from the N-N oxidatively coupled dehydrogenation (OCD) of 3,5-diamino-1-1,2,4-triazole (DAT), in addition to the cathodic H generation.

Decomposition Reaction Mechanism of Ammonium Perchlorate on N-Doped Graphene Surfaces: A Density Functional Theory Study.

The detailed decomposition pathway of ammonium perchlorate (AP) is important for the design of solid propellants containing AP. In this paper, the possible decomposition reactions of AP upon nitrogen-doped graphene (N-Gr) as a catalyst are investigated via density functional theory. The reaction pathways of HClO and NH on the N-Gr surface are explored.

Doping LiFePO with Al: Suppression of Anti-Site Defects and Implications for Battery Recycling.

In this study, a group of aluminum-doped lithium iron phosphate (LFP) with varying dopant concentrations (Li Al FePO/C, where = 0.01-0.03) was synthesized via a solid-state reaction.

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting the risk of postoperative fracture blister after pilon fracture.

Background: Fracture blister (FB) is one of the most common complications in pilon fractures. This study aimed to construct and validate a nomogram for predicting postoperative FB risk in patients with pilon fractures.

Methods: We retrospectively collected information on 1,119 patients with lower extremity fractures in the 3rd Hospital of Hebei Medical University between January 2023 and January 2024.

7,8-DHF inhibits BMSC oxidative stress via the TRKB/PI3K/AKT/NRF2 pathway to improve symptoms of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is characterized by bone loss and microstructural damage, and it is most common in older adult women. Currently, there is no cure for PMO. The flavonoid chemical 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) specifically activates tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TRKB).

Chitosan Microspheres Loaded with Curcumin and Gallic Acid: Modified Synthesis, Sustainable Slow Release, and Enhanced Biological Property.

Improving the utilization rate of loaded-drugs is of huge importance for generating chitosan-based (CS) micro-carriers. This study aims to fabricate a novel CS microspheres co-delivered curcumin (Cur) and gallic acid (Ga) to assess drug loading and release kinetics, the blood compatibility and anti-osteosarcoma properties. The present study observes the interaction between CS and Cur/Ga molecules and estimates the change in crystallinity and loading and release rate.

Effect study of exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee cartilage defects in rats.

Background: The repair of articular cartilage defects has always been a difficult problem. We aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of intra-articular injection of platelet-rich plasma (RPR) and PRP-derived exosomes (PRP-Exos) on cartilage defects in rat knee joints and then provide experience for the use of PRP-exos in cartilage defect repair.

Methods: Rat abdominal aortic blood was collected, and PRP was extracted by two-step centrifugation.

Performance improvement of space-resolved extreme ultraviolet spectrometer by use of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor detectors at the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak.

Two pairs of space-resolved extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectrometers working at 5-138 Å with different vertical observation ranges of -7 ≤ Z ≤ 19 and -18 ≤ Z ≤ 8 cm have been newly developed to observe the radial profile of impurity line emissions and to study the transport of high-Z impurity ions intrinsically existing in EAST tokamak plasmas. Both spectrometers are equipped with a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) detector (Andor Marana-X 4.2B-6, Oxford Instruments) with sensitive area of 13.