UCHL1 alleviates nucleus pulposus cell senescence by promoting chaperone-mediated autophagy antagonizing autophagy-dependent ferroptosis through deubiquitination of HSPA8.

Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), a lysosome-dependent protein degradation pathway, plays a pivotal yet poorly understood role in cellular senescence-related degenerative diseases. Our study sheds light on a novel mechanism whereby UCHL1 plays a crucial role in mitigating nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) senescence and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) by activating CMA to counteract autophagy-dependent ferroptosis. Through sequencing analysis of human samples, we identified UCHL1 as a potential factor influencing disc degeneration.

CCR7 dendritic cells expressing both IL-23A and IL-12B potentially contribute to psoriasis relapse.

Interleukin (IL)-23 is the master pathogenic cytokine in psoriasis and neutralization of IL-23 alleviates psoriasis. Psoriasis relapses after the withdrawal of anti-IL-23 antibodies, and the persistence of IL-23-producing cells potentially contributes to such recurrence, but the cellular source of IL-23 is unclear. Here we show that IL4I1CD200CCR7 dendritic cells (CCR7 DC) are the main producer of IL-23 by concomitantly expressing the IL-23A and IL-12B subunits in human psoriatic skin.

Structural characterization of six new Lepidium meyenii polysaccharides and their effects on gut microbiota in vitro.

Lepidium meyenii Walp. (maca) is known for its bioactive polysaccharides but has limited research. In this study, six new polysaccharides including one α-glucan (MCP-3) and five (un)saturated homogalacturonan (MCP-4a, MCP-4b, MCP-4c, MCP-5a, and MCP-5b) were isolated from maca.

Novel galactose-rich polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum: structural characterization and immunomodulatory activities.

Galactose-rich polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum have emerged as promising immunomodulatory agents, yet their structural characteristics and mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here, we isolated and characterized a novel galactose-rich polysaccharide (GLP-1b, 16.79 kDa) from Ganoderma lucidum.

PTPN22 as a therapeutic target in intervertebral disc degeneration: Modulating mitophagy and pyroptosis through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis.

Introduction: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a predominant risk factor for low back pain (LBP). However, the mechanisms underlying IDD progression remain unclear.

Objectives: The protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) is associated with various chronic inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.

Triterpenoids with inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation from Ganoderma lucidum.

Eight undescribed lanostane-type triterpenes (1-8) and twenty-seven known analogues (9-35) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of cultivated Ganoderma lucidum. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic techniques. Ganosinenic acid D (1) and ganosinenic acid E (2) were identified as rare pentacyclic triterpenoids with an unusual four-membered carbon ring motif.

Macelignan Improves Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury by Augmenting Autophagy via the AKT-mTOR-TFEB Signaling Pathway.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) presents considerable therapeutic challenges due to its complex pathophysiology, and effective treatments are currently lacking. Macelignan (Mace) has shown therapeutic effects in some neurological disorders, but its potential to enhance functional recovery in SCI and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This research endeavors to explore the therapeutic value of Mace in SCI and its underlying mechanism of action.

Successful Treatment of Eosinophilic Pustular Folliculitis With Dupilumab in a 9-Year-Old Boy.

A 9-year-old boy with eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF) was successfully treated with dupilumab. While reported in adult EPF, this is the first case of EPF treated with dupilumab in a child. Our case suggests dupilumab might be a favorable therapeutic option for EPF in children.

Structure-function insights of natural Ganoderma polysaccharides: advances in biosynthesis and functional food applications.

Ganoderma polysaccharides (GPs), derived from various species of the Ganoderma genus, exhibit diverse bioactivities, including immune modulation, anti-tumor effects, and gut microbiota regulation. These properties position GPs as dual-purpose agents for medicinal and functional food development. This review comprehensively explores the structural complexity of six key GPs and their specific mechanisms of action, such as TLR signaling in immune modulation, apoptosis pathways in anti-tumor activity, and their prebiotic effects on gut microbiota.

Pectolinarin Promotes Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury by Regulating Microglia Polarization Through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.

After spinal cord injury (SCI), microglia polarization plays an important role in spinal cord recovery and axon regeneration. In this study, we conducted mRNA microarrays to identify genes associated with different microglial phenotypes. The results showed a correlation between microglial polarization and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, a key regulator of inflammatory responses.

Dysregulated tryptophan metabolism and AhR pathway contributed to CXCL10 upregulation in stable non-segmental vitiligo.

Background: Tryptophan metabolism dysregulation has been observed in vitiligo. However, drawing a mechanistic linkage between this metabolic disturbance and vitiligo pathogenesis remains challenging.

Objective: Aim to reveal the characterization of tryptophan metabolism in vitiligo and investigate the role of tryptophan metabolites in vitiligo pathophysiology.

System analysis based on Anoikis-related genes identifies MAPK1 as a novel therapy target for osteosarcoma with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone malignant tumor in children, and its prognosis is often poor. Anoikis is a unique mode of cell death.However, the effects of Anoikis in OS remain unexplored.

The structures of two polysaccharides from Lepidium meyenii and their immunomodulatory effects via activating NF-κB signaling pathway.

Lepidium meyenii Walp., also known as the "Peruvian national treasure", is a popular functional food in the daily lives of Peruvian people due to its bioactive with main polysaccharides. However, studies on polysaccharides isolated from Lepidium meyenii were few.

Decreased ZMIZ1 suppresses melanogenesis in vitiligo by regulating mTOR/AKT/GSK-3β-mediated glucose uptake.

The loss of epidermal melanocytes is a distinguishing feature of vitiligo (VIT), a prevalent and long-lasting skin ailment. While various hypotheses exist to explain the cause of VIT, the precise mechanisms leading to this disease remain unclear. Zinc finger MIZ-type containing 1 (ZMIZ1) has a strong link with the development and occurrence of VIT.

The efficiency and safety of low-dosage isotretinoin therapy for Chinese acne vulgaris patients.

Background: Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin conditions in dermatology clinics. Accumulating evidence has implicated oral low-dosage isotretinoin was an effective treatment for acne with fewer side effects. Currently, the data on low-dosage isotretinoin use in Chinese is limited.

Discovery of ACE Inhibitory Peptides Derived from Green Coffee Using In Silico and In Vitro Methods.

Inhibition of angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) is an important means of treating hypertension since it plays an important regulatory function in the renin-angiotensin system. The aim of this study was to investigate the ACE inhibitory effect of bioactive peptides from green coffee beans using in silico and in vitro methods. Alcalase and thermolysin were employed to hydrolyze protein extract from coffee beans.