Anastomotic Leakage and Gastroparesis Syndrome Following Laparoscopic Radical Gastrectomy: A Retrospective Cohort Study Involving 3779 Patients.

Background And Objectives: The occurrence of anastomotic leakage (AL) and gastroparesis syndrome (GS), common and severe complications after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy, significantly impacts the prognosis of patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors associated with AL after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy and GS after laparoscopic distal gastrectomy.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 3779 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy and met the inclusion criteria were included.

Insights into microalgal-bacterial consortia in sustaining denitrification via algal-derived organic matter in harsh low-C/N wastewater.

Conventional nitrate removal processes are often hampered by insufficient carbon sources for remediating low-C/N wastewater. Herein, a microalgal-bacterial (MB) consortia system was constructed to leverage algal-derived organic matter for sustaining denitrification. The system demonstrated superior nitrate removal performance when assisted by algal-derived organic matter, achieving a 168.

QTN mapping, gene prediction, and simulation breeding of four-seed pod numbers in soybean.

The number of four-seed pods (NFSP) in soybean is an important yield trait and a quantitative trait regulated by multiple genes. Mapping quantitative trait nucleotide (QTN), mining major genes, and screening excellent breeding schemes for NFSP are of great significance for breeding high-yielding soybean varieties. In this study, a germplasm population (GP) containing 455 soybean varieties was planted in five environments to investigate NFSP.

Optimizing fermentation conditions for enhanced laccase production from Coriolus versicolor and its potential in degrading 2,4-dichlorophenol.

As environmental pollution problems become increasingly severe, the treatment of persistent organic pollutants has emerged as a major challenge in the field of environmental protection. Laccase, as a green and efficient biocatalyst, demonstrates significant potential for application in environmental remediation due to its unique oxidation capabilities and broad substrate specificity. This study systematically investigated the optimization of conditions for laccase production by Coriolus versicolor, the impact of fed-batch feeding and co-cultivation with a second fungal strain on laccase secretion by C.

Efficacy of 6-mm and 8-mm Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt for Variceal Bleeding: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background And Aims: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is associated with an increased incidence of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). We aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness of 6-mm and 8-mm TIPS for secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis who were at risk for HE.

Methods: This was an investigator-initiated, open-label, single-center, parallel, randomized controlled trial.

Differential Efficacy of Bevacizumab and Erlotinib in Preclinical Models of Renal Medullary Carcinoma and Fumarate Hydratase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) and fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are rare and highly aggressive cancers. Although the combination of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibition by bevacizumab and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition by erlotinib is clinically used for both diseases, the differential effect of each component has not been investigated. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that RMC and FH-deficient tumor tissues demonstrate increased EGFR but not VEGF expression compared with adjacent normal kidney.

Exploring the transformative effects of calorie restriction on the lacrimal gland in adult mice.

Advanced age is one of the most recognizable risk factors for dry eye. Dry eye disease affects millions worldwide and can result from age-related lacrimal gland dysfunction, which correlates with a decline in lacrimal gland secretory cell function and chronic inflammation. This study investigated the potential of calorie restriction to maintain lacrimal gland and ocular surface health.

Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy-based neoadjuvant regimens in locally advanced gastric cancer: a meta-analysis based on high-quality clinical trials.

Background: The integration of chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy has emerged as the latest research focus for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of various immunotherapy-based neoadjuvant regimens for LAGC.

Methods: PubMed, EmBase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched based on the predefined inclusion criteria.

Linking Single-Cell Dynamics to Cell Fate in Differentiating hPSCs.

Protocols for human pluripotent stem cell differentiation commonly yield a heterogeneous mix of cell types. To understand the source of heterogeneity at the single-cell level, it may be necessary to link final cell state to the cell's history and initial state, for example to determine gene expression or morphogen signaling over the course of differentiation. Here we present methods to quantify and track single cells in time-lapse fluorescence microscopy during stem cell differentiation and link single-cell dynamics to the final resulting state in the same cells.

Extended culture of 2D gastruloids to model human mesoderm development.

Micropatterned human pluripotent stem cells treated with BMP4 (two-dimensional (2D) gastruloids) are among the most widely used stem cell models for human gastrulation. Due to its simplicity and reproducibility, this system is ideal for high-throughput quantitative studies of tissue patterning and has led to many insights into the mechanisms of mammalian gastrulation. However, 2D gastruloids have been studied only up to about 2 days owing to a loss of organization beyond this time with earlier protocols.

Identification of predictors for lymph node metastasis in T2 colorectal cancer: retrospective cohort study from a high-volume hospital.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most prevalent malignant tumor of the digestive system globally, ranking third in incidence and second in mortality. In previous studies, the rate of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in T2 CRC ranged from 18.0 to 28.

Defining Optimal Lymph Node Yield in Gastrectomy: A Real-World Cohort Analysis.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) has a high global mortality and incidence rate. Lymph node (LN) invasion is crucial in TNM staging, and an accurate LN staging system is vital for treatment decisions. However, the appropriate number of examined LNs remains uncertain.

Identification of predictors for complicated acute appendicitis: A retrospective cohort study from a high-volume hospital.

Background: Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most prevalent cause of acute abdominal pain, with an incidence rate ranging from 96.5 to 100 per 100,000 adults. The rapid and accurate identification of the type and risk level of AA continues to pose a significant challenge.

Experiences of Hmong Women in the Perinatal Period.

Objective: To explore Hmong women's experiences in the perinatal period and how their cultural practices intersect with Western health care in the United States.

Design: Descriptive qualitative study.

Setting: In-person and online interviews in several geographic locations in the United States.

Transforming Growth Factor β1 Protects Against Ischemic Demyelination via Regulating Microglial Lipid Metabolism Pathway.

Background: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced white matter lesions are an important cause of vascular cognitive impairment in aging life. TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor β1) is widely recognized as a multifunctional cytokine participating in numerous pathophysiological processes in the central nervous system. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective potentials of TGF-β1 in ischemic white matter lesions.

A lightweight semantic segmentation method for concrete bridge surface diseases based on improved DeeplabV3.

Due to the similar features of different diseases and insufficient semantic information of small area diseases in the surface disease image of concrete bridges, the existing semantic segmentation models for identifying surface diseases in concrete bridges suffer from problems such as large number of parameters, insufficient feature extraction, and low segmentation accuracy. Therefore, this paper proposed a lightweight semantic segmentation method for concrete bridge surface diseases based on improved DeeplabV3+. Firstly, the lightweight improved MobileNetV3 was used as the backbone network to reduce the computational complexity of the model.

Detection of genes associated with soybean protein content using a genome-wide association study.

The protein content in soybean seeds serves as a crucial measure of soybean quality. Breeding high-protein varieties remains the most cost-effective and efficient approach to increasing soybean protein levels. Nevertheless, limited research has focused on identifying the genes responsible for high protein content among the diverse soybean cultivars.

Associations between white matter hyperintensities and physical activity: A sectional study in UK Biobank participants.

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are key markers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) linked to increased risks of stroke, dementia, and cognitive decline. Physical activity (PA) has been hypothesized to reduce WMH burden and preserve brain health, yet findings across studies remain mixed. This study examines the association between PA and WMH burden, as well as white matter integrity using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics, in a cohort of 10,868 participants from the UK Biobank.

Network analysis of adverse and positive childhood experiences in a national sample of university students.

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and positive childhood experiences (PCEs) often co-occur and interact to exert long lasting impacts on health and other outcomes. However, current analytical approaches fall short in exploring the complex interplay between ACEs and PCEs, particularly within non-Western contexts.

Objective: This study used network analysis to examine the complexity and interplay of ACEs and PCEs in a large sample of Chinese young adults.

Aged regulatory T cells fail to control autoimmune lacrimal gland pathogenic CD4 T cells.

CD25KO mice are a model of Sjögren disease. CD25KO mice have severe inflammation and infiltrating lymphocytes to the lacrimal glands (LG). Whether the pathogenicity of CD25KO CD4 T cells can be controlled in vivo by Tregs is unknown.

Behavioural interventions targeting the prevention and treatment of young children's mental health problems in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review.

Background: Globally, 10% of children and adolescents live with mental health problems and often lack high-quality care. Over 80% of people facing mental health issues reside in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Failing to address children's mental health may prolong these challenges into adulthood, impeding their chances for a healthy life.

Retinal vasculature changes as indicators of imaging signs of cerebral small vessel disease: A community-based, cross-sectional study of older adults.

Objectives: This study investigated the correlation between retinal vasculature and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) imaging markers, providing new evidence for the retina-brain association.

Methods: Two hundred and thirty-nine participants aged 55-85 were enrolled in the study. CSVD indicators, encompassing white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), lacunes (LAs), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVSs), were assessed.

Endovascular therapy versus best medical care for acute ischemic stroke with distal medium vessel occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: With the refinement of catheter technology, distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) are now viewed as amenable to endovascular treatment (EVT) but its efficacy and safety remains unclear in AIS patients with DMVO.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase databases and Cochrane Library up to December 2023 using keywords to identify studies comparing EVT versus BMT in AIS with DMVOs. The assessed clinical outcomes were excellent functional outcome, good functional outcome, 90-day mortality, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and early neurological improvement (ENI) after treatment.

YAP Promotes Chemoresistance to 5-FU in Colorectal Cancer Through mTOR/GLUT3 Axis.

Although chemoresistance constitutes a significant barrier to the effectiveness of chemotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC), its precise mechanisms remain unclear. YAP functions as an oncogene in various malignancies. However, the relationship between YAP and chemoresistance in CRC needs clarification.