Consensus to Conquer Challenges in Influenza Immunization in Pulmonology Practice in India: Proceedings of the Congregation on Influenza Vaccination in Chronic Lung Diseases (CIRCLE) Expert Committee Meet.

Influenza remains a major health concern, especially for patients with chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite clear evidence of its benefits, annual influenza vaccination rates in India remain critically low, particularly among high-risk populations and healthcare professionals (HCPs). Key barriers include misinformation, lack of provider recommendation, and absence of structured vaccination programs.

Colloidal Nanoparticle Metasurfaces: Principles, Fabrication, and Applications.

Metasurfaces, a class of two-dimensional metamaterials, exhibit notable optical properties, making them attractive candidates for applications in fields such as the cloaking, biophotonics, and imaging. The realization of these applications is dependent on advancements in fabrication techniques. Conventional "top-down" lithography often faces limitations, such as polycrystallinity and surface roughness.

Where there is smoke, there is fire: long- and mid-range biomass burning role on São Paulo's state air quality.

Prolonged exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) is the leading environmental risk factor for human health. In Brazil, frequent wildfires during dry seasons, especially in the Amazon, Cerrado, and more recently the Pantanal, significantly increase PM levels, often exceeding national and international air quality standards. This study analyzed ten years of PM data from 25 monitoring stations across São Paulo State and used 1464 backward trajectories from the HYSPLIT model to assess the influence of open biomass burning and long-range pollutant transport.

Neuro-protective Potential of Honey: A Narrative Review.

Apitherapy, the therapeutic use of bee products, has attracted attention for its potential in treating various ailments. Honey is unique among bee products because it has a high concentration of medicinal chemicals. In recent years, there has been growing concern about exploring the neuroprotective features of honey.

Endotracheal Intubation Comparing Airtraq and McCoy Laryngoscope in Patients with Simulated Cervical Spine Immobilization.

Objectives: Sniffing position for laryngoscopy requires flexion of the lower and extension of upper cervical spine and atlanto-occipital joint. Laryngoscopy is challenging in cervical spine pathology. This study was conducted to compare Airtraq with McCoy for ease of intubation in patients with simulated cervical immobilization.

Mapping the evidence of the effects of environmental factors on the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in the non-built environment.

Background: Antibiotic resistance increasingly threatens the interconnected health of humans, animals, and the environment. While misuse of antibiotics is a known driver, environmental factors also play a critical role. A balanced One Health approach-including the environmental sector-is necessary to understand the emergence and spread of resistance.

Effect of heat treatment on physicochemical, interfacial, and encapsulation properties of pea and soy protein-based emulsions and their spray-dried powders.

Plant proteins are promising alternatives to animal proteins but often show limited emulsion stability after heat treatment. This study evaluated the impact of mild (65 °C) and moderate (85 °C) heating on pea protein concentrate and soy protein isolate emulsions containing sunflower oil, followed by spray-drying. Moderate heating reduced particle size and enhanced zeta potential, protein solubility, and emulsion stability over mild heating.

Impact of isomerism on the photoproduction of carbon monoxide and singlet oxygen by visible-light absorbing rhenium(I) photoCORMs.

Photoactive rhenium(I) complexes have high therapeutic potential, particularly in the fight against cancer and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. They have the particularity of combining several modes of action, including photogeneration of carbon monoxide (CO) and singlet oxygen. However, their design is still to be improved.

Particulate matter exposure from different heating stoves and fuels in UK homes.

Traditional wood stoves emit high levels of particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM), prompting the development of improved models to reduce emissions. However, these stoves may unintentionally increase ultrafine particle ≤ 100 nm (UFP) emissions, which can penetrate biological barriers and pose health risks.

Exploring the transformative effects of calorie restriction on the lacrimal gland in adult mice.

Advanced age is one of the most recognizable risk factors for dry eye. Dry eye disease affects millions worldwide and can result from age-related lacrimal gland dysfunction, which correlates with a decline in lacrimal gland secretory cell function and chronic inflammation. This study investigated the potential of calorie restriction to maintain lacrimal gland and ocular surface health.

Borophene Via Intercalation Exfoliation.

Borophene, a highly anisotropic Dirac material, exhibits remarkable properties such as high electronic mobility, exceptional thermal conductivity, superconductivity, and ferroelasticity. It is ideal for energy storage, electrocatalysis, and wearable electronics applications. However, its synthesis is constrained by complexity, cost, and scalability issues.

Chromatic focus variation microscopy for surface metrology.

Optical metrology plays a vital role in a wide range of research and inspection areas in the industry. At present, the market offers a variety of optical metrology instruments, among which the focus variation microscope stands out for its capability of measuring steep surfaces with high slopes. The traditional focus variation (FV) instrument mechanically scans the surface by sweeping the focal plane of the objective lens using linear motion stages and simultaneously capturing images at different scanning positions, forming a stack of images.

Reversing rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block by sugammadex: New safety horizon for Indian population.

Background & Aim: The study compared the efficacy of neostigmine and sugammadex in reversing rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade in patients undergoing surgery. The research aims to understand the drugs' benefits of safe reversal and impact in the diverse Indian population due to genetic, ethnic, lifestyle, and healthcare infrastructure differences.

Methods: The prospective randomized double-blind study was conducted in 40 patients of either sex, aged 18-60 years, belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II scheduled for surgery under general anaesthesia requiring tracheal intubation.

Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies of thiazole-coumarin and thiazole-triazole conjugates against M and ACE2 receptor for SARS COV-2.

The recent COVID-19 pandemic, which caused severe respiratory infections and multiple organ failure leading to death, has drawn the attention of researchers around the world. Several vaccines are available for protection against SARS-CoV-2. However, the frequent changes in its viral genome have raised concerns about the efficacy of current vaccines.

Circulating tumor DNA profiling for non-invasive genomic analysis in Indian lung cancer patients: A real-world experience.

Background: Liquid biopsy assays are an important tool for non-invasive detection of genetic alterations, providing an effective alternative to traditional tissue biopsies. The study aimed to investigate the utility of ctDNA based next generation sequencing for clinical management of lung cancer patients from India.

Methods: We conducted ctDNA targeted sequencing on 425 lung cancer patients from India using 50 gene oncomine precision assay.

Construction of 2,3-Naphthalimides through Cu-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Coupling between Arylpropiolic Acids and Isocyanides.

Herein, we report a one-pot strategy to synthesize functionalized 2,3-naphthalimides by a copper-catalyzed coupling between arylpropiolic acids and isocyanides followed by a dehydro-Diels-Alder (DDA) reaction. The reaction proceeds through the formation of an iminopropynyl-copper complex that accepts the second mole of acid, facilitating Mumm-type rearrangement to generate propioloyl-propiolamides that undergo DDA reaction. The method enables the synthesis of a wide range of 2,3-naphthalimides in a single step.

Autophagy as a potential therapeutic target in regulating improper cellular proliferation.

Autophagy is a degradative process that makes rapid turnover of old and impaired proteins and organelles possible. It is highly instigated by stress signals, like starvation, and contributes to the cell's homeostasis. Autophagy performs a crucial function in keeping cell genomic integrity stable.

Low-cost sensors for atmospheric NO measurement: A review.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO) is a major air pollutant in urban areas, prompting the development of numerous analytical methods for its monitoring. Among these, the chemiluminescence method stands out as the most commonly used and is widely regarded as a reference method. In recent years, the development of low-cost sensor (LCS) technology has facilitated the outdoor measurement of NO using different analytical methods.

Airborne pathogen monitoring and dispersion modelling on passenger ships: A review.

The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated a profound inability of pre-pandemic passenger ship policies implemented by both ship operators and governmental authorities to detect and address newly emerging diseases. The essentiality of maritime transport puts into focus the risk of approach to address known and new emerging airborne infectious diseases that, due to increasing capacity, are likely to occur on passenger ships. In order to enhance the passenger experience, prepare shipping for pandemics like COVID-19, and improve the resilience and safety of the industry, this review critically synthesises existing literature on (1) monitoring ventilation conditions and aerosol dispersion, linking them to airborne transmission risk using airborne aerosols and ventilation performance as input parameters for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, and (2) modelling airborne disease transmission risk in controlled passenger ship environments.

Improving classroom air quality and ventilation with IoT-driven acoustic and visual CO feedback system.

In naturally ventilated classrooms, the air quality and ventilation conditions rely heavily upon window and door opening behaviour of the class teacher. This study aimed to examine the impact of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based CO₂ self-surveillance display system (SAVE unit) on classroom air quality and thermal comfort. The visual-acoustic signalling of classroom ventilation conditions notified the class teacher for opening/closing of classroom doors and windows.

Comparison of blind oro-tracheal intubation through LMA Blockbuster and LMA Protector - A prospective randomized study.

Background And Aims: The present study was planned to compare two devices, namely LMA Blockbuster and LMA Protector, as a conduit for endotracheal intubation. The study aimed to compare the first-pass success rate of blind intubation, time taken for successful intubation, and ease of intubation through both devices.

Material And Methods: This prospective randomized study was conducted on 100 patients of either sex aged 18-60 years, belonging to ASA physical status I-II, with 50 patients in each group (group B - LMA Blockbuster, and group P - LMA Protector).

Air pollution abatement from Green-Blue-Grey infrastructure.

Green-blue-grey infrastructure (GBGI) offers environmental benefits in urban areas, yet its impact on air pollution is under-researched, and the literature fragmented. This review evaluates quantitative studies on GBGI's capability to mitigate air pollution, compares their specific pollutant removal processes, and identifies areas for further investigation. Of the 51 GBGI types reviewed, only 22 provided quantitative pollution reduction data.

Failed Loop Endobutton Acromioclavicular Joint Reconstruction Treated with Duo Figure of 8 FiberTape Augmented Autogenic Graft Wrapping Technique: A Case Report.

Introduction: Acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) injuries are prevalent among young, active individuals and account for a significant proportion of shoulder girdle and collision sports injuries. The Rockwood classification system categorizes these injuries from Type I to VI, guiding treatment from conservative management to surgical intervention. Despite various surgical techniques, including the Fiber-loop Endobutton method, failure rates, and complications remain a concern, particularly in cases of post-operative instability.

Cryo-Exfoliation Synthesis of Borophene and its Application in Wearable Electronics.

Borophene, an anisotropic Dirac Xene, exhibits diverse crystallographic phases, including metallic β₁₂, χ₃, and semiconducting α phases, alongside exceptional properties such as high electronic mobility, superior Young's modulus, thermal conductivity, superconductivity, and ferroelasticity. These attributes position borophene as a promising material for energy storage, electrocatalysis, and wearable electronics. However, its widespread application is hindered by existing synthesis methods that are expensive, complex, and yield-limited.

Single enantiomer propeller-shaped polynuclear complexes as catalysts-proof-of-concept for enantioinduction in a Michael addition reaction.

We report a family of propeller-shaped polynuclear metal complexes whose overall chirality is dictated by a single stereogenic centre within their component amino alcohol-ligand. These topologically intriguing complexes are readily prepared in enantiomerically pure form and are shown here to catalyse the conjugate addition of barbituric acids and their derivatives to nitroalkenes, with a catalyst loading of 1 mol%. Although only low levels of enantioinduction are observed, control experiments indicate that the enantioselectivity is dictated by the overall topology of the complex and not governed by binding to the tetrametallic entity, heralding a potentially new mode of catalysis.