SmokePath Explorer - a data driven smoke management tool to support prescribed fire planning in California, USA.

SmokePath Explorer is a web-based decision-support tool for California, U.S.A.

Cardioprotective effects of AMPK activation in H1N1 influenza virus infection.

Cardiac complications are among the most common and severe extrapulmonary manifestations of influenza virus infection, yet they are rarely recapitulated in mouse models without immunodeficiency. We found that influenza virus A/California/04/2009 (H1N1) carrying a mouse-adaptive amino acid substitution in the PB2 protein (E158A) disseminates to the heart in WT C57BL/6 mice, where it induces inflammation, electrical dysfunction, and fibrotic remodeling. Influenza virus-infected heart tissue was significantly altered in mitochondrial metabolism, extracellular matrix, circadian rhythm, and immunity pathways.

Isolation of bacterial extracellular vesicles from raw samples using a portable microstructured electrochemical device.

Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized vesicles released by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, playing critical roles in microbial communication, host-pathogen interactions, and immune modulation. Despite their significance in research and clinical applications, conventional isolation methods, such as ultracentrifugation (UC), are often slow, labor-intensive, and susceptible to contamination. In this study, we evaluated a novel portable microstructured electrochemical device (PMED) designed for rapid and selective bacterial EV isolation directly from biological samples.

MLN4924, neddylation inhibitor suppresses hypoxia induced retinal angiogenesis by targeting Human Antigen R signaling.

Purpose: Retinal hypoxia is a key pathological stimulus for neovascularization, leading to abnormal proliferation of blood vessels and vascular endothelial dysfunction leading to vision threatening conditions. The anti-angiogenic potential of MLN4924, a specific inhibitor of neddylation signaling has been evidenced in cancer cells, but remains abstract as therapy for ocular angiogenesis in normal retinal cells. The current work intended to delineate a novel molecular signaling cascade of combating retinal angiogenesis by inhibiting the neddylation-Human Antigen R (HuR) signaling pathway using MLN4924.

Synthesis, spectroscopic studies and computational modelling of anthracene-bis--acetylglyoxylic amide derivative for anion recognition.

A new fluorescent anion receptor containing anthracene and amide moieties has been synthesized to selectively recognize anions hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. An anthracene-bis--acetylglyoxylic amide derivative, namely ,'-(anthracene-9,10-diylbis(methylene))bis(2-(2-acetamidophenyl)-2-oxoacetamide), was successfully synthesized by reacting of 9,10-diaminomethyl anthracene with -acetylisatin. An analysis of the anthracene-bis--acetylglyoxyl amide derivative's interaction with anions revealed that it recognized CN, F, and HPO more selectively than other anions studied, such as Cl, NO , HPO , HSO , and ClO .

Synthesis of novel isoflavene derivatives with anti-tumour activity.

A novel series of isoflavonoid derivatives were generated through click chemistry modifications of the biologically active isoflavene phenoxodiol (PXD). PXD is an effective anticancer and anti-inflammatory agent with estrogen modulating properties which has been evaluated in phase II and III clinical trials. This novel series of analogues was designed to improve PDX's potency and selectivity against estrogen-positive cancers.

Quality assessment of routine antenatal care services provided at a primary healthcare facility in a rural area of Delhi, India: A record-based study.

Background: Antenatal care (ANC) can be defined as the care provided by skilled health-care professionals to pregnant women in order to ensure the best health outcomes. Good quality routine antenatal care forms the foundation of positive pregnancy experience. The primary care facilities play a significant role in improving antenatal care in peripheral areas.

The Ability of Bacteriophages to Reduce Biofilms Produced by Isolated from Corneal Infections.

() is a common antibiotic-resistant pathogen, posing significant public health threats worldwide. It is a major cause of ocular infections, mostly linked to contact lens wear. often produces biofilm during infections, and these are also associated with antibiotic resistance.

Study of Management of Mucormycosis in COVID and Post-COVID Patients with Liposomal Amphotericin B its Outcome and Complications in a dedicated COVID Hospital from Eastern India.

Background: Mucormycosis, an invasive fungal infection caused by Mucorales, has emerged as a significant concern in COVID-19 patients, particularly in regions heavily affected by the pandemic. Liposomal Amphotericin B is the primary treatment modality for mucormycosis; however, data on its efficacy and safety in COVID-19-associated mucormycosis are limited. This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate the management of mucormycosis in COVID-19 and post-COVID patients treated with Liposomal Amphotericin B at a dedicated COVID-19 hospital in IGIMS, Patna from Eastern India.

Point-of-Care Testing and Integrated Digital Health Technology for CKD Screening in High-Risk Populations of India.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant contributor to morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditure. Lack of early diagnosis with treatment leads to progression to advanced stages requiring high-cost interventions. The current pilot study examined the feasibility of using point-of-care testing (POCT) and digital health technology for CKD screening.

Exploring the Potential of a Deep Learning Model for Early CT Detection of High-Grade Metastatic Epidural Spinal Cord Compression and Its Impact on Treatment Delays.

Background: Delay in diagnosing metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) adversely impacts clinical outcomes. High-grade MESCC is frequently overlooked on routine staging CT scans. We aim to assess the potential of our deep learning model (DLM) in detecting high-grade MESCC and reducing diagnostic delays.

Evaluating the Accuracy of Privacy-Preserving Large Language Models in Calculating the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS).

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in healthcare. In diagnostic radiology, LLMs can assist in the computation of the Spine Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS), which is a critical tool for assessing spinal metastases. However, the accuracy of LLMs in calculating the SINS based on radiological reports remains underexplored.

CRO-67 has anti-cancer activity in pancreatic tumor cells and stromal cancer-associated fibroblasts.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy that urgently needs more effective therapies. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) contribute to the aggressive and chemo-resistant nature of the disease by creating a drug-impeding fibrotic microenvironment. We developed novel compounds, the racemate CRO-05 and its active enantiomer CRO-67, which target both pancreatic tumor and CAF cells with robust anti-cancer activity.

An Institutional Large Language Model for Musculoskeletal MRI Improves Protocol Adherence and Accuracy.

Background: Privacy-preserving large language models (PP-LLMs) hold potential for assisting clinicians with documentation. We evaluated a PP-LLM to improve the clinical information on radiology request forms for musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to automate protocoling, which ensures that the most appropriate imaging is performed.

Methods: The present retrospective study included musculoskeletal MRI radiology request forms that had been randomly collected from June to December 2023.

Nitinol in Orthopedic Applications: Clinical Insights, Performance Challenges, and Future Directions.

The increasing prevalence of spinal disorders has spurred continuous innovation in implant design and biomaterials. Among emerging options, Nitinol has gained significant interest due to its unique combination of shape memory effect, superelasticity, and mechanical compatibility with bone tissue. These characteristics make it a promising candidate for spinal implants that support minimally invasive surgery and motion preservation.

Dental Caries in Patients with Fluorosis among Local Population of Hyderabad.

Objective: To assess the frequency of dental caries among individuals with dental fluorosis and to examine the relationship between fluorosis severity with the Thystrup-Fejerskov (TF) index and caries experience with the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index.

Study Design: A cross-sectional, observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan, from October 2023 to December 2024.

Association Between Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Anxiety Levels in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia.

Background Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic upper abdominal symptoms, such as epigastric pain, burning, postprandial fullness, or early satiation, in the absence of structural abnormalities, as defined by the Rome IV criteria. Anxiety, together with other psychological factors, is now understood to intensify symptoms while degrading the quality of life for patients with FD. Methods A cross-sectional correlational study involving 300 FD participants was performed in a gastroenterology outpatient clinic located in Islamabad.

The Impact of Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticles on the Mechanical and Physical Properties of Glass Ionomer Dental Materials.

Glass ionomer cements (GICs) have been clinically attractive dental restorative materials for many years and are widely used as luting, lining, and restorative materials. However, these materials still have limitations in terms of weak physio-mechanical properties. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of zirconium oxide nanoparticles (nano-ZrO particles) on the physical and mechanical properties of two commercially available GICs.

Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies of thiazole-coumarin and thiazole-triazole conjugates against M and ACE2 receptor for SARS COV-2.

The recent COVID-19 pandemic, which caused severe respiratory infections and multiple organ failure leading to death, has drawn the attention of researchers around the world. Several vaccines are available for protection against SARS-CoV-2. However, the frequent changes in its viral genome have raised concerns about the efficacy of current vaccines.

Synergistic effects of peptide mimics against enveloped viruses.

The global health impact of viruses highlights the urgent need for innovative antiviral strategies. This study investigated the synergistic potential of two anthranilamide-based peptide mimics (RK610 and RK758) in combination, and one peptide mimic (RK610) in combination with the cationic peptides Mel4 and melimine, against murine hepatitis virus (a coronavirus; MHV-1), influenza virus (H1N1), and Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). Checkerboard assays demonstrated RK610+RK758 had synergy against MHV-1 and H1N1 (∑FICI values of 0.

Genetic Impacts on the Structure and Mechanics of Cellulose Made by Bacteria.

The synthesis of cellulose pellicles by bacteria offers an enticing strategy for the biofabrication of sustainable materials and biomedical devices. To leverage this potential, bacterial strains that overproduce cellulose are identified through directed evolution technology. While cellulose overproduction is linked with a specific genetic mutation, the effect of such mutation on the intracellular protein landscape and on the structure and mechanical properties of the cellulose pellicles is not yet understood.

Functionalized Phenyl Peptoids with Enhanced Antibacterial Potency.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to traditional antibiotics and natural peptides has been recognized as a global challenge requiring efforts to address its widespread impact. Peptoids represent a promising class of peptidomimetics with proven activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria and show less susceptibility to enzymatic degradation. In this study, building on our previous design of dimeric peptoids, 22 amino and guanidino compounds of functionalized phenyl-dimeric peptoids were synthesized, incorporating electron-withdrawing and donating substituents, as well as the parent peptoid without substituents.

Evaluation of the Synergistic Activity of Antimicrobial Peptidomimetics or Colistin Sulphate with Conventional Antifungals Against Yeasts of Medical Importance.

With rising multidrug-resistant yeast pathogens, conventional antifungals are becoming less effective, urging the need for adjuvants that enhance their activity at lower doses. This study evaluated the synergistic activity of antimicrobial peptidomimetics (TM8 and RK758) or colistin sulphate in combination with conventional antifungals against , , , , , and , and using the checkerboard microdilution test. RK758 was synergistic with fluconazole in 78% of isolates, with the remaining 22% of isolates still showing partial synergy; it showed synergy with amphotericin B in 56% of isolates, and with caspofungin, 78% of isolates exhibited either synergy or partial synergy.

Synthesis of 1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-ones from Isatins.

Various -protected amino acids were coupled to isatin forming -amino acylisatins. These novel -acylisatins participate in a ring-opening reaction with either alcohols or amines to give the corresponding -glyoxylesters or amides. Upon deprotection, cyclization under basic conditions produces 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones bearing ester or amide functionalities at the C5 position.