Whole-Genome sequencing of Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) from Pakistan: Detection of the East/Central/South African (ECSA) genotype during the 2024 outbreak in Mansehra.

The 2024 chikungunya virus (CHIKV) outbreak in Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, marked a significant public health event, providing a unique opportunity to investigate the genomic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of circulating strains. Using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), we analyzed serum samples from patients presenting with acute febrile illness and joint pain, identifying 16 CHIKV-positive cases, six of which yielded near-complete genomes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all isolates belonged to the East/Central/South African (ECSA) genotype, closely related to strains from India (2020-2024) and China (2017).

Analysis of the metagenomic assembled genome of MERS-CoV and Alpha-CoV from Camelus dromedarius in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Dromedary camels are known carriers of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). This study aimed to identify respiratory RNA viruses circulating in the nasal cavities of camels that could potentially cause disease in humans.

Methods: Shotgun metagenomic paired-end sequencing was performed on four pools of nasal swabs collected from 40 camels originating from Sudan and Djibouti, using the MiSeq platform.

Investigation of the interactions and electromagnetic shielding properties of graphene oxide/platinum nanoparticle composites prepared under low-dose gamma irradiation.

A low-dose gamma irradiation was used for the one-step synthesis of graphene oxide/platinum nanoparticle composites. Various spectroscopic and microscopic methods were employed to structurally and morphologically characterize the prepared composites, and the nature of the interactions between graphene oxide sheets and platinum clusters was investigated using density function theory (DFT). Gamma irradiation caused the reduction of hexachloroplatinic acid, resulting in the formation of Pt nanoparticles and the simultaneous partial reduction of graphene oxide (GO).

nut peptides regulate lipid-II inhibitors in high-fat diet-fed mice.

Plant-derived bioactive peptides have drawn increasing attention in the field of nutrition and food science due to their biological activities, low cost, safety, and ease of industrial production. Functional peptides from are being investigated due to their potential as dietary supplements. This study focuses on nut peptides that regulate LIPID-II inhibitor in mice fed a high-fat diet.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of : A Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis Across Multiple Diseases.

(RG), a fundamental herb in traditional Chinese medicine belonging to the Orobanchaceae family, has been widely used for centuries due to its diverse therapeutic properties, including promoting blood circulation, enhancing immunity, managing diabetes, reducing inflammation, and supporting kidney function. Despite its traditional significance, scientific studies on RG's therapeutic mechanisms remain limited, and its underlying pharmacological pathways are not extensively elucidated. This study employed network pharmacology and molecular docking to identify RG's active compounds and investigate their therapeutic potential in allergy, anemia, diabetes, and menopause.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of family gene in cotton and their potential role in salt stress tolerance.

Heat shock proteins 90 (HSP90s) are conserved molecular chaperones essential for cellular homeostasis under abiotic stress. While several studies have been reported to elucidate the role of HSP90s in heat stress responses in cotton, their involvement in salt stress remains underexplored. L.

Medical Students' Perceptions of Large Language Models in Healthcare: A Multinational Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs), are potential tools for enhancing healthcare delivery and clinical research. Presently, there is a scarcity of research regarding the viewpoints of medical students toward LLMs. This study aims to explore the perceptions of LLMs and their applications among this demographic.

Thermally evaporated Cu Se thin films embedded with PbSe nanoinclusions: a multiphase system for thermoelectric applications.

Thermoelectric (TE) devices pave a promising pathway for clean and efficient energy conversion between heat and electricity. Among various TE materials, copper selenide (CuSe) has attracted significant interest due to its high electrical conductivity and low thermal conductivity offered by its superionic behavior, making it a candidate for high-performance thermoelectric applications. The present study systematically investigates the TE properties of thin film-based nanocomposites comprised of lead (Pb)-doped CuSe integrated with lead selenide (PbSe) samples.

Financial frictions and stock return: A novel least minus more frictional factor for asset pricing models in emerging economies.

The primary objective of this study is to empirically evaluate the role of various levels of financial friction in explaining stock returns through different asset pricing models. This study enhances asset pricing model estimates by incorporating diverse levels of financial friction by introducing a novel least minus more frictional asset pricing factor specifically constructed for emerging economies. The empirical analysis is conducted using data from a sample including five countries: China, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka.

A Case of Anti-TIF1γ Antibody-Positive Dermatomyositis Associated With Malignancy.

Dermatomyositis (DM) is a rare acquired autoimmune myopathy characterized by proximal muscle weakness, inflammation, and a typical skin rash. It is considered one of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), a group of heterogeneous systemic diseases that include DM, polymyositis, and inclusion body myositis. A significant portion of patients with IIM, particularly adults, can have an association with malignancy, usually preceded by muscle and skin symptoms.

BN-SNN: Spiking neural networks with bistable neurons for object detection.

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are emerging as a promising evolution in neural network paradigms, offering an alternative to conventional convolutional neural networks (CNNs). One of the most effective methods for SNN development is the CNN-to-SNN conversion process. However, existing conversion techniques are hindered by long temporal durations or inference latencies, which negatively impact the accuracy of the converted networks.

Correction to "Electrophoretic Deposition, Microstructure, and Selected Properties of Poly(lactic--glycolic) Acid-Based Antibacterial Coatings on Mg Substrate".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01384.

Staphylococcal exotoxins in ocular infection with focus on enterotoxins.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of principal etiological agents of bacterial keratitis, a blinding corneal infection. Traditional treatment strategies rely heavily on antibiotics.

Investigation of Synergistically Developed p-CoO/n-ZnHoCuO based Junction for Enhanced Photocatalytic, Electrocatalytic, and Energy Storage Applications.

In this work, we have reported p-CoO/n-ZnHoCuO junction growth via a cost-effective and straightforward co-precipitation synthesis route for the first time. The structural study was investigated by employing XRD and FTIR spectroscopy. An optical study was carried out by UV-visible spectroscopy.

Untargeted UHPLC-Q exactive orbitrap HRMS-based network pharmacology for the discovery of anti-breast cancer compounds from stems fractions and experimental validation.

has been traditionally used by the Dayak tribe as a medicine to treat breast cancer. However, its bioactive components and mechanisms of action remain unclear. To identify the bioactive compounds in the aqueous fraction of the 70% ethanol extract of stems and elucidate their mechanisms of action as an anti-breast cancer agent.

Tazobactam selects for multidrug resistance.

Piperacillin-Tazobactam is a β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination that is amongst the most prescribed antimicrobials in hospital medicine. Piperacillin is inactivated by many common beta-lactamases, but tazobactam inhibits these, allowing successful treatment. The effect of piperacillin on Gram-negative bacteria has been widely studied, but less attention has been paid to the effects of tazobactam.

Bacterial microcompartments and energy metabolism drive gut colonization by Bilophila wadsworthia.

High-fat diets reshape gut microbiota composition and promote the expansion of Bilophila wadsworthia, a sulfidogenic bacterium linked to inflammation and gut barrier dysfunction. The genetic basis for its colonisation and physiological effects remain poorly understood. Here, we show that B.

Functionalized Phenyl Peptoids with Enhanced Antibacterial Potency.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to traditional antibiotics and natural peptides has been recognized as a global challenge requiring efforts to address its widespread impact. Peptoids represent a promising class of peptidomimetics with proven activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria and show less susceptibility to enzymatic degradation. In this study, building on our previous design of dimeric peptoids, 22 amino and guanidino compounds of functionalized phenyl-dimeric peptoids were synthesized, incorporating electron-withdrawing and donating substituents, as well as the parent peptoid without substituents.

Whole genome sequencing-based prediction of antibiotic-resistance of ocular Staphylococcus aureus across six continents.

Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of ocular infections, resulting in vision loss in severe cases. Understanding the antibiotic resistance profiles of ocular S. aureus can help customize treatments.

Recent advances and future perspectives in small molecule JAK2 inhibitors.

The Janus kinase (JAK)/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) signaling pathway is essential for controlling immune function, blood cell formation, and cell growth. Dysregulation of this pathway is implicated in various diseases, including hematologic malignancies, autoimmune disorders, and chronic inflammatory conditions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structural and functional aspects of JAK/STAT signaling, with a particular focus on the role of JAK2.

Genome of a Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolate of a new Sequence Type ST1724 from Saudi Arabia.

Background: The World Health Organization has classified carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii as a pathogen of critical priority that poses a serious threat to human health. We report a draft genome sequence of colistin and carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii strain AB134 of a new sequence type ST1724.

Machine learning approach for photocatalysis: An experimentally validated case study of photocatalytic dye degradation.

In this study, machine learning (ML) models coupled with genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) were applied to predict the relative influence of experimental parameters of photocatalytic dye removal. Specifically, the impact of bandgap, dye concentration, photocatalyst dosage, solution volume, specific surface area, and time duration on photocatalytic degradation rate constant of cationic dyes was discerned using selected ML models, i.e.

Investigating Natural Product Inhibitors of IKKα: Insights from Integrative In Silico and Experimental Validation.

Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling plays a pivotal role in regulating immune responses and is strongly implicated in cancer progression and inflammation-related diseases. The inhibitory κB kinases (IKKs), particularly IKKα, are central to modulating NF-κB activity, with distinct roles in the canonical and non-canonical signaling pathways. This study investigates the potential of selectively targeting IKKα to develop novel therapeutic strategies.