Hierarchical hollow nanospheres of imine-based covalent organic frameworks with built-in Ag sites for fast-charging lithium metal batteries.

Lithium metal is deemed to be the ultimate anode material for high-energy-density and fast-charging lithium batteries. However, issues of dendritic deposition and frangible solid electrolyte interphases must be resolved for lithium metal anodes. Herein, a hybrid interfacial layer, hierarchical hollow nanospheres assembled from lithiophilic imine-based covalent organic frameworks and built-in Ag sites (Ag@ICOFs), has been applied to regulate the interfacial lithium ion flux and enhance the anode stability for effectively inhibiting dendrite formation.

Comparative analysis of first-generation epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors combined with chemotherapy versus third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: In advanced non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutations, third-generation EGFR TKIs (3-G TKIs) are currently the preferred first-line treatment. Previous studies have demonstrated that combining first-generation EGFR TKIs with chemotherapy (1-G TKIs + chemo) also significantly enhances efficacy compared to 1-G TKIs alone. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of 1-G TKIs + chemo against 3-G TKIs.

Accelerated crystallization of all-silica TON-type zeolite: mechanistic insights into methanol as a dual-function agent.

Rapid and straightforward synthesis of all-silica zeolites is essential for scaling up their industrial applications in adsorption and separation. However, the synthesis typically necessitates the use of complex organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs) and/or fluoride, presenting challenges in the development of straightforward strategies. Herein, a siliceous TON zeolite, referred to as Si-TON, is successfully obtained without the need for any costly OSDAs, utilizing seeds and methanol as facilitating agents.

Dual-engine-driven synthesis of unsaturated esters over channel-expanding Cu-Cs catalysts.

This study presents a one-step catalytic synthesis of unsaturated esters (methyl acrylate, MA; methyl methacrylate, MMA) from methanol (MeOH, C1 source) and methyl acetate (MAc) a Cu-Cs dual-engine-driven (DED) system that integrates four sequential steps-dehydrogenation, aldol condensation, hydrogenation, and secondary aldol condensation. The Cu-engine facilitates proton transfer by capturing protons during MeOH dehydrogenation and donating them in methyl acrylate (MA) hydrogenation, while the Cs-engine activates saturated esters for formaldehyde-mediated aldol condensation. Through systematic optimization of Cu loading methods, deposition sequences, and Cu/Cs ratios, we developed a silicon carrier channel-expanding strategy, enlarging mesopores from 14 nm to 20 nm (30% specific surface area extension) copper phyllosilicate-induced corrosion.

Enhanced Activity and Thermal Stability of Hydroxyl-Modified Bis(imino)pyridylcobalt Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization.

Bulky N-aryl substituents in bis(imino)pyridylmetal catalysts enhance the ethylene polymerization, though maintaining activity at higher temperature remains a challenging point. Herein, the newly synthesized symmetrical and unsymmetrical 2-(1-(2,6-dibenzhydryl-4-hydroxyphenylimino)ethyl)-6-(1-(arylimino)ethyl)pyridylcobalt chloride complexes have been systematically and sterically tailored and further explored for their performances in ethylene polymerization. Employing the bulky N-aryl unit modified through dibenzhydryl and hydroxyl substituents, the cobalt complexes show a significant improvement in both activity and thermal stability.

An Electrochemiluminescence-Activated Amphiphilic Perylene Diimide Probe: Enabling Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Polypropylene Nanoplastics in the Environment.

Nanoplastic pollution has emerged as a significant issue in both the environmental and human health fields. However, developing highly sensitive approaches to promptly identify and detect low concentrations of nanoplastics within complex systems remains a considerable challenge. Here, we utilized the amphiphilic perylene diimide (PDI-NH) as a probe in combination with electrochemiluminescence (ECL) for the sensitive detection of polypropylene (PP) nanoplastics.

3'-Sialyllactose and synergistically alleviate gut inflammation and barrier dysfunction by enriching cross-feeding bacteria for short-chain fatty acid biosynthesis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) poses significant threats to human health and quality of life worldwide, as it is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) is a key functional component of milk oligosaccharides. This study systematically evaluates the prebiotic effects of 3'-SL and its therapeutic potential in combination with () for UC.

Construction of Electron-Enriched Pt with Reactive Oxygen Species for Enhanced Propane Catalytic Combustion.

The complete catalytic oxidation of propane (CH) at low temperatures remains challenging due to the competitive adsorption between the oxidation of the O and CH molecules. In this study, we propose an innovative approach to enhance CH oxidation by strategically designing active Pt sites with modulated electronic structures on F-doped TiO-supported Pt catalyst (Pt/F-TiO), which exhibits 50 and 90% of propane conversion at 200 and 320 °C. Our mechanistic study reveals that the electron coupling between Pt 5d and F 2p alters the d orbital electron property, which leads to generation of abundant efficient electron-enriched Pt species.

A platform method for simultaneous quantification of lipid and nucleic acid components in lipid nanoparticles.

Nucleic acid-based medicines have achieved significant advancements in recent years, with lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) being a pivotal platform for their delivery. However, the complexity of LNP presents significant challenges, requiring analytical methods to identify and quantify individual components to guide formulation development and ensure quality and safety. Current approaches often perform nucleic acid and lipid analysis separately and focus on a single type of formulation, highlighting the need for a simple platform method that can be applied to diverse formulations.

Sustainable Synthesis of MCM-22 Zeolite as a Catalytic Platform for Propane Dehydrogenation.

The significant volume of solvent required for the hydrothermal synthesis of zeolites remains the primary hurdle impeding industrial applications. With the benefits of reduced manufacturing costs, safety, and energy savings, reducing the use of solvents is one of the significant sought-after objectives. In this study, borosilicate zeolite B-MCM-22 is successfully obtained using a solvent-free synthesis method.

Bispecific antibody targeting of lipid nanoparticles.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) are the most clinically advanced non-viral gene delivery system. While progress has been made for enhancing delivery, cell specific targeting remains a challenge. Targeting moieties such as antibodies can be chemically-conjugated to LNPs however, this approach is complex and has challenges for scaling up.

Fullerene as a probe molecule for single-atom oxygen reduction electrocatalysts.

Fullerenes interact positively with many metal-based catalysts intense electron transfer. Yet, we here revealed that C serves as a probe due to its deactivation of the active sites of single-atom O reduction electrocatalysts. C adsorption to metal atoms creates steric hindrance that restricts the access of O to the active sites.

Carbon encapsulated nanoparticles: materials science and energy applications.

The technological implementation of electrochemical energy conversion and storage necessitates the acquisition of high-performance electrocatalysts and electrodes. Carbon encapsulated nanoparticles have emerged as an exciting option owing to their unique advantages that strike a high-level activity-stability balance. Ever-growing attention to this unique type of material is partly attributed to the straightforward rationale of carbonizing ubiquitous organic species under energetic conditions.

Engineering a superionic conductor surface enables fast Na transport kinetics for high-stable layered oxide cathode.

Unstable cathode/electrolyte interphase and severe interfacial side reaction have long been identified as the main cause for the failure of layered oxide cathode during fast charging and long-term cycling for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries. Here, we report a superionic conductor (NaV(PO), NVP) bonding surface strategy for O3-type layered NaNiFeMnO (NFM) cathode to suppress electrolyte corrosion and near-surface structure deconstruction, especially at high operating potential. The strong bonding affinity at the NVP/NFM contact interface stabilizes the crystal structure by inhibiting surface parasitic reactions and transition metal dissolution, thus significantly improving the phase change reversibility at high desodiation state and prolonging the lifespan of NFM cathode.

Physicochemical and structural insights into lyophilized mRNA-LNP from lyoprotectant and buffer screenings.

The surge in RNA therapeutics has revolutionized treatments for infectious diseases like COVID-19 and shows the potential to expand into other therapeutic areas. However, the typical requirement for ultra-cold storage of mRNA-LNP formulations poses significant logistical challenges for global distribution. Lyophilization serves as a potential strategy to extend mRNA-LNP stability while eliminating the need for ultra-cold supply chain logistics.

DDX20 is required for cell-cycle reentry of prospermatogonia and establishment of spermatogonial stem cell pool during testicular development in mice.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), as key regulators of mRNA fate, are abundantly expressed in the testis. However, RBPs associated with human male infertility remain largely unknown. Through bioinformatic analyses, we identified 62 such RBPs, including an evolutionarily conserved RBP, DEAD-box helicase 20 (DDX20).

Antigen-Clustered Nanovaccine Achieves Long-Term Tumor Remission by Promoting B/CD 4 T Cell Crosstalk.

Current cancer vaccines using T cell epitopes activate antitumor T cell immunity through dendritic cell/macrophage-mediated antigen presentation, but they lack the ability to promote B/CD4 T cell crosstalk, limiting their anticancer efficacy. We developed antigen-clustered nanovaccine (ACNVax) to achieve long-term tumor remission by promoting B/CD4 T cell crosstalk. The topographic features of ACNVax were achieved using an iron nanoparticle core attached with an optimal number of gold nanoparticles, where the clusters of HER2 B/CD4 T cell epitopes were conjugated on the gold surface with an optimal intercluster distance of 5-10 nm.

Design, synthesis and evaluation of C-5 substituted pyrrolopyridine derivatives as potent Janus Kinase 1 inhibitors with excellent selectivity.

The development of highly selective Janus Kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitors is crucial for improving efficacy and minimizing adverse effects in the clinical treatment of autoimmune diseases. In a prior study, we designed a series of C-5 4-pyrazol substituted pyrrolopyridine derivatives that demonstrated significant potency against JAK1, with a 10 ∼ 20-fold selectivity over Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2). Building on this foundation, we adopted orthogonal strategy by modifying the C-5 position with 3-pyrazol/4-pyrazol/3-pyrrol groups and tail with substituted benzyl groups on the pyrrolopyridine head to enhance both potency and selectivity.

A Conservative Memristive Chaotic System with Extreme Multistability and Its Application in Image Encryption.

In this work, a novel conservative memristive chaotic system is constructed based on a smooth memristor. In addition to generating multiple types of quasi-periodic trajectories within a small range of a single parameter, the amplitude of the system can be controlled by changing the initial values. Moreover, the proposed system exhibits nonlinear dynamic characteristics, involving extreme multistability behavior of isomorphic and isomeric attractors.

Breaking Scaling Relations for Highly Efficient Electroreduction of CO to CO on Atomically Dispersed Heteronuclear Dual-Atom Catalyst.

Conversion of CO into value-added products by electrocatalysis provides a promising way to mitigate energy and environmental problems. However, it is greatly limited by the scaling relationship between the adsorption strength of intermediates. Herein, Mn and Ni single-atom catalysts, homonuclear dual-atom catalysts (DACs), and heteronuclear DACs are synthesized.

Adjuvant therapy in completely resected, EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer: a comparative analysis of treatment efficacy between EGFR-TKI and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.

The IMpower010 and KEYNOTE-091 trials have demonstrated the benefit of adjuvant immunotherapy (IO) after chemotherapy (C+IO) in resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including those with epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) mutation. Meanwhile, several studies have reported that EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) may prolong disease-free survival (DFS) in these patients. However, there is currently a lack of head-to-head comparison between these two adjuvant therapy strategies.

Deciphering transcriptomic determinants of the divergent link between PD-L1 and immunotherapy efficacy.

Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression remains the most widely used biomarker for predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), but its predictiveness varies considerably. Identification of factors accounting for the varying PD-L1 performance is urgently needed. Here, using data from three independent trials comprising 1239 patients, we have identified subsets of cancer with distinct PD-L1 predictiveness based on tumor transcriptome.