Copper and vanadium induce oxidative stress and pyroptosis in the duck brain via activating the TLR4/NF-κB-p65 signaling pathway.

Copper (Cu) and vanadium (V) are beneficial to the organizations as trace elements, but excessive intakes of Cu and V could damage the individual health with multi-organ injury, such as neurotoxicity. To estimate the combined effects of Cu and V on proptosis by the TLR4/NF-κB-p65 pathway in duck brains, a total of 72 ducks were divided into four groups: control group, Cu group (400 mg Cu/kg), V group (30 mg V/kg), and Cu + V group (400 mg Cu/kg + 30 mg V/kg) groups respectively. The results indicated that Cu and/or V could disrupt the trace element balance in the duck brain and caused nerve fiber disorders, neuronal vacuolization and mitochondrial destruction.

Selenium alleviates cadmium-induced Golgi stress via HSPB7/GM130/CX-43 axis in the heart of sheep.

Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous pollutant and its widespread exposure causes subcellular damage leading to cardiotoxicity. Selenium (Se) possesses the capacity to antagonize Cd toxicity, alleviating the organ damage induced by Cd. However, the relationship between Se mitigation of Cd exposure-induced myocardial damage and the Golgi apparatus remains to be further elucidated.

LeRF: Learning Resampling Function for Adaptive and Efficient Image Interpolation.

Image resampling is a basic technique that is widely employed in daily applications, such as camera photo editing. Recent deep neural networks (DNNs) have made impressive progress in performance by introducing learned data priors. Still, these methods are not the perfect substitute for interpolation, due to the drawbacks in efficiency and versatility.

Fine-Grained Entity Recognition via Large Language Models.

Fine-grained entity recognition (FGER) attracts increasing attention in information extraction and many other natural language understanding applications. However, it is a quite challenging problem for a specific domain due to the lack of specific-domain labeled data. To address this challenge, recent advancements in language modeling such as generative pretrained transformer (GPT) offer promising alternatives.

Prevalence of Toxocara infection and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang, China.

Background: Human toxocariasis, caused by the zoonotic parasites Toxocara canis (dog roundworm) and T. cati (cat roundworm), affects approximately 19% of the global population, ranking it among the most prevalent neglected infection of poverty. However, public awareness about this zoonotic disease has not yet been achieved in China.

Compound probiotics promote the growth of piglets through activating the JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathway.

Introduction: Composite probiotics are characterized by their non-resistance, no residues, non-toxic effects, and pollution-free nature. To investigate their application capability in piglets, this study aims to explore the effects of composite probiotics on the growth performance and related physiological indicators of piglets.

Methods: Sixteen 30-day-old healthy weaned "Duroc × Landrace × Large White" piglets were randomly divided into a control group and a composite probiotic (CP) group.

Exploring the direct influence of growth hormone on adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma cells.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the impact of growth hormone therapy on the postoperative management of craniopharyngioma and to evaluate the direct influence of growth hormone (GH) on craniopharyngioma.

Methods: The research involved the application of varying concentrations of growth hormone to stimulate and cultivate the adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) cell line. It focused on assessing the influence of growth hormone on the growth, proliferation, and apoptosis of ACP cells, and explored changes in transcription levels following growth hormone treatment of ACP cells through transcriptome sequencing.

EGVD: Event-Guided Video Deraining.

Recent research has explored leveraging event cameras, known for their prowess in capturing scenes with nonuniform motion, for video deraining, leading to performance improvements. However, the existing event-based method still faces the challenge that the complex spatiotemporal distribution disrupts temporal information fusion and complicates feature separation. This article proposes a novel end-to-end learning framework for video deraining that effectively extracts the rich dynamic information provided by the event stream.

Tanycyte proliferation and migration through the sonic hedgehog pathway restores hypothalamic function after ischemic injury.

Tanycytes, a distinct type of glial cell within the hypothalamus, will be investigated in this study to elucidate the intrinsic mechanisms by which they facilitate the restoration of hypothalamic function. We injected endothelin 1 (ET-1) into the third ventricle to establish an ischemic hypothalamic injury model. Nestin CreER and Rosa26R-CAG:tdTomato mice were crossbred, and viral tracing was used to label and track tanycytes.

DRExplainer: Quantifiable interpretability in drug response prediction with directed graph convolutional network.

Predicting the response of a cancer cell line to a therapeutic drug is pivotal for personalized medicine. Despite numerous deep learning methods that have been developed for drug response prediction, integrating diverse information about biological entities and predicting the directional response remain major challenges. Here, we propose a novel interpretable predictive model, DRExplainer, which leverages a directed graph convolutional network to enhance the prediction in a directed bipartite network framework.

Multistage microfluidic assisted Co-Delivery platform for dual-agent facile sequential encapsulation.

The integration of multiple therapeutic agents within a single nano-drug carrier holds promise for advancing anti-tumor therapies, despite challenges posed by their diverse physicochemical properties. This study introduces a novel multi-stage microfluidic co-encapsulation platform designed to address these challenges. By carefully orchestrating the nano-precipitation process sequence, this platform achieves sequential encapsulation of two drugs with markedly different physicochemical characteristics.

Comparative mitochondrial proteomic: PGAM5-mediated necroptosis through excessive mitophagy in sheep livers under molybdenum and cadmium co-exposure.

Accumulation of excessive molybdenum (Mo) and cadmium (Cd) in the environment poses detrimental effects on organisms. The precise mechanisms of hepatotoxicity that are involved with mitochondria, resulting from the co-exposure to Mo and Cd, remain poorly understood and elusive. To fill the gap, a total of 24 sheep were stratified into two groups: control group and Mo + Cd group (45 mg Mo·kg⁻¹·B.

Diversity and Evolution of Genes in Species.

genes are crucial components of the effector-triggered immunity (ETI) system, responsible for recognizing pathogens and initiating immune responses. Although genes in many plant species have been extensively studied, the diversity of genes in remains largely unknown. Our analysis revealed significant variations in the copy numbers of genes among these species.

Neural Degradation Representation Learning for All-in-One Image Restoration.

Existing methods have demonstrated effective performance on a single degradation type. In practical applications, however, the degradation is often unknown, and the mismatch between the model and the degradation will result in a severe performance drop. In this paper, we propose an all-in-one image restoration network that tackles multiple degradations.

Stimulating Diffusion Model for Image Denoising via Adaptive Embedding and Ensembling.

Image denoising is a fundamental problem in computational photography, where achieving high perception with low distortion is highly demanding. Current methods either struggle with perceptual quality or suffer from significant distortion. Recently, the emerging diffusion model has achieved state-of-the-art performance in various tasks and demonstrates great potential for image denoising.

Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for EM Image Denoising With Invertible Networks.

Electron microscopy (EM) image denoising is critical for visualization and subsequent analysis. Despite the remarkable achievements of deep learning-based non-blind denoising methods, their performance drops significantly when domain shifts exist between the training and testing data. To address this issue, unpaired blind denoising methods have been proposed.

Non-Serial Quantization-Aware Deep Optics for Snapshot Hyperspectral Imaging.

Deep optics has been endeavoring to capture hyperspectral images of dynamic scenes, where the optical encoder plays an essential role in deciding the imaging performance. Our key insight is that the optical encoder of a deep optics system is expected to keep fabrication-friendliness and decoder-friendliness, to be faithfully realized in the implementation phase and fully interacted with the decoder in the design phase, respectively. In this paper, we propose the non-serial quantization-aware deep optics (NSQDO), which consists of the fabrication-friendly quantization-aware model (QAM) and the decoder-friendly non-serial manner (NSM).

Effects of Simvastatin on Inflammatory Response and Biological Behaviour of Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the autoinflammatory effect and biological behaviour of simvastatin (SIM) on adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) cells.

Methods: Craniopharyngiomas imaging, intraoperative observations, and tumour histopathology were employed to investigate the correlation between esters and craniopharyngiomas. Filipin III fluorescent probe verified the validity of SIM on the alternations of synthesized cholesterol in craniopharyngioma cells.

Oxytocin attenuates hypothalamic injury-induced cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting hippocampal ERK signaling and Aβ deposition.

In clinical settings, tumor compression, trauma, surgical injury, and other types of injury can cause hypothalamic damage, resulting in various types of hypothalamic dysfunction. Impaired release of oxytocin can lead to cognitive impairment and affect prognosis and long-term quality of life after hypothalamic injury. Hypothalamic injury-induced cognitive dysfunction was detected in male animals.

Identification and phylogenetic analysis of Jingmen tick virus in Jiangxi Province, China.

Jingmen tick virus (JMTV) is a newly identified segmented flavivirus that has been recognized in multiple hosts, such as humans, buffalos, bats, rodents, mosquitos and ticks. Various clinical cases and studies manifested that JMTV is a true arbovirus with wide host spectrum and showed potential threats toward public health. JMTV has been reported in multiple countries in Asia, Europe, Africa, and America.

Toward DNN of LUTs: Learning Efficient Image Restoration With Multiple Look-Up Tables.

The widespread usage of high-definition screens on edge devices stimulates a strong demand for efficient image restoration algorithms. The way of caching deep learning models in a look-up table (LUT) is recently introduced to respond to this demand. However, the size of a single LUT grows exponentially with the increase of its indexing capacity, which restricts its receptive field and thus the performance.

WASPSYN: A Challenge for Domain Adaptive Synapse Detection in Microwasp Brain Connectomes.

The size of image volumes in connectomics studies now reaches terabyte and often petabyte scales with a great diversity of appearance due to different sample preparation procedures. However, manual annotation of neuronal structures (e.g.

Global research hotspots and trends of acute rejection after liver transplantation from 1988 to 2022: a bibliometric analysis.

Acute rejection (AR) is the predominant form of rejection observed in liver transplantation and plays a crucial role in transplant immunology. This study aims to utilize bibliometric analysis to understand the , hotspots, and future trends of research on AR after liver transplantation. We searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) for studies on AR after liver transplantation published from 1988 to 2022.