Auxilin in enterocytes controls intestinal homeostasis through inter-cell communication.

Residential stem cells sense extrinsic and intrinsic signals to proliferate accordingly to maintain homeostasis. However, how differentiated cells control stem cell proliferation still remains elusive. Here, we find that Auxilin (Aux) maintains enterocyte (EC) integrity to prevent unlimited intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation.

Family History of Hypertension Predicts Thyroid Cancer Risk in Women: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study With Integrative Machine Learning and Genomic Analyses.

Introduction: Thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine malignancies globally, with a markedly higher incidence in women. Although pregnancy-induced hypertension is recognized as a risk factor, the underlying mechanisms linking hypertension and thyroid cancer remain poorly understood. This study explores the gender-specific associations between family history of hypertension and thyroid cancer, integrating clinical characteristics with genetic insights.

Complete Mitochondrial Genome of (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, and Acheilognathinae): Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis.

In this study, the mitochondrial genome data of were subjected to a multigene tandem method to elucidate its taxonomic status. The total length of the mitochondrial genome was determined to be 16,779 bp, including 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and the D-loop region. Overall, there was a strong AT bias and anti-G bias; different protein-coding genes exhibited different degrees of codon preference.

Novel High-Resolution Lipidomes Could Serve as New Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Bidirectional and Mediated Mendelian Randomization Study.

Although lipid metabolism is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR), the connection between lipidome and DR is still a subject of debate. We aimed to demonstrate that lipidome could serve as novel biomarkers for DR and elucidate the mediating role of inflammatory factors. Data for our investigation are available from the GWAS catalogue and FinnGen Biobank.

Adsorption and nitrogen removal of NH-N based on Mn (II)/α-MnO cycle in bio-electrochemical system.

This paper developed a single-chamber α-MnO-coupled microbial electrolysis cell (α-MnO-MEC) system to enhance the oxidation denitrification rate of ammonia nitrogen (NH-N) in order to overcome the electrode repulsion problem between NH and the anode. The α-MnO material with an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 10.6 mg·g for NH-N was developed.

Integration of multi-omics transcriptome-wide analysis for the identification of novel therapeutic drug targets in diabetic retinopathy.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most important complication of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in eyes. Despite its prevalence, the early detection and management of DR continue to pose considerable challenges. Our research aims to elucidate potent drug targets that could facilitate the identification of DR and propel advancements in its therapeutic strategies.

The contribution of adiponectin to diabetic retinopathy progression: Association with the AGEs-RAGE pathway.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic complication of diabetes. Given that adiponectin plays a key role in DR progression, this study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of sDR progression related to adiponectin. First, we extracted the microarray dataset GSE60436 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify hub genes associated with DR.

Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy Combined with Lenvatinib and PD-1 Inhibitors for Managing Arterioportal Shunt in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of combining hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with lenvatinib (LEN) and PD-1 inhibitors in treating arterioportal shunt (APS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT).

Patients And Methods: Conducted retrospectively, the study enrolled 54 HCC patients with APS and PVTT treated with HAIC, LEN, and PD-1 inhibitors at our center between January 2021 and October 2023. APS improvement, APS recanalization, tumor response, PVTT response rate, overall survival (OS), intrahepatic progression-free survival (InPFS), and adverse events were evaluated.

Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) Combined with Lenvatinib versus TACE Alone in Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Beyond Up-To-Seven Criteria: A Retrospective, Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Rationale And Objectives: To compare the treatment efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with lenvatinib versus TACE alone in patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) beyond up-to-seven criteria.

Materials And Methods: A total of 107 newly diagnosed HCC patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B HCC beyond up-to-seven criteria were included in this retrospective cohort study. These patients were divided into two groups: TACE-Lenv group and TACE alone group.

Causal Effects of COVID-19 on the Risk of Thrombosis: A Two-Sample Mendel Randomization Study.

Background:  Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and thrombosis are linked, but the biomolecular mechanism is unclear. We aimed to investigate the causal relationship between COVID-19 and thrombotic biomarkers.

Methods:  We used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the effect of COVID-19 on 20 thrombotic biomarkers.

An EMC-Hpo-Yki axis maintains intestinal homeostasis under physiological and pathological conditions.

Balanced control of stem cell proliferation and differentiation underlines tissue homeostasis. Disruption of tissue homeostasis often results in many diseases. However, how endogenous factors influence the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) under physiological and pathological conditions remains poorly understood.

Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for patients with laryngeal cancer with synchronous or metachronous lung cancer.

Background: The objective of this study was to examine the independent prognostic factors of laryngeal cancer with synchronous or metachronous lung cancer (LCSMLC), and to generate and verify a clinical prediction model.

Methods: In this study, laryngeal cancer alone and LCSMLC were defined using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Risk factors of patients with LCSMLC were analyzed through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Diamond controls epithelial polarity through the dynactin-dynein complex.

Epithelial polarity is critical for proper functions of epithelial tissues, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. The evolutionarily conserved transmembrane protein Crumbs (Crb) is a key regulator of epithelial polarity. Both Crb protein and its transcripts are apically localized in epithelial cells.

SNR-enhanced and high-order frequency multiplied 64-QAM millimeter-wave signal generation enabled by MZM-based angle modulation.

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel scheme to generate ultrahigh-order frequency multiplied millimeter-wave (mm-wave) signals with high fidelity enabled by angle modulation (ANG-M). The constant envelope (CE) characteristic of the ANG-M signal makes it possible to avoid nonlinear distortion induced by photonic frequency multiplication. In addition, the theoretical formula and the simulation results prove that the modulation index (MI) of the ANG-M signal increases along with frequency multiplication, so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the frequency-multiplied signal.

Novel intrinsic factor Yun maintains female germline stem cell fate through Thickveins.

Germline stem cells (GSCs) are critical for the reproduction of an organism. The self-renewal and differentiation of GSCs must be tightly controlled to avoid uncontrolled stem cell proliferation or premature stem cell differentiation. However, how the self-renewal and differentiation of GSCs are properly controlled is not fully understood.

Phosphorylation of Yun is required for stem cell proliferation and tumorigenesis.

Stem cells maintain adult tissue homeostasis under physiological conditions. Uncontrolled stem cell proliferation will lead to tumorigenesis. How stem cell proliferation is precisely controlled is still not fully understood.

Auxilin regulates intestinal stem cell proliferation through EGFR.

Adult tissue homeostasis is maintained by residential stem cells. The proliferation and differentiation of adult stem cells must be tightly balanced to avoid excessive proliferation or premature differentiation. However, how stem cell proliferation is properly controlled remains elusive.

Temperature-Dependent Group Delay of Photonic-Bandgap Hollow-Core Fiber Tuned by Surface-Mode Coupling.

Surface modes (SM) are highly spatially localized modes existing at the core-cladding interface of photonic-bandgap hollow-core fiber (PBG-HCF). When coupling with SM, the air modes (AM) in the core would suffer a higher confinement loss despite being spectrally within the cladding photonic bandgap, and would be highly dispersive around the avoided crossing (anti-crossing) wavelength. In this paper, we numerically explored how such avoided crossings can play an important role in the tuning of the temperature dependence of group delay of AM of PBG-HCF.

The Yun/Prohibitin complex regulates adult intestinal stem cell proliferation through the transcription factor E2F1.

Stem cells constantly divide and differentiate to maintain adult tissue homeostasis, and uncontrolled stem cell proliferation leads to severe diseases such as cancer. How stem cell proliferation is precisely controlled remains poorly understood. Here, from an RNA interference (RNAi) screen in adult intestinal stem cells (ISCs), we identify a factor, Yun, required for proliferation of normal and transformed ISCs.

DNA N6-methyladenine involvement and regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma development.

DNA N6-methyladenine (6 mA) is a new type of DNA methylation identified in various eukaryotic cells. However, its alteration and genomic distribution features in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain elusive. In this study, we found that N6AMT1 overexpression increased HCC cell viability, suppressed apoptosis, and enhanced migration and invasion, whereas ALKBH1 overexpression induced the opposite effects.

Identification of a new allele of O-fucosyltransferase 1 involved in Drosophila intestinal stem cell regulation.

Adult stem cells are critical for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. However, how the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are regulated remains not fully understood. Here, we find a mutant, stum 9-3, affecting the proliferation and differentiation of Drosophila adult ISCs in a forward genetic screen for factors regulating the proliferation and differentiation ISCs.

Derlin-1 and TER94/VCP/p97 are required for intestinal homeostasis.

Adult stem cells are critical for the maintenance of residential tissue homeostasis and functions. However, the roles of cellular protein homeostasis maintenance in stem cell proliferation and tissue homeostasis are not fully understood. Here, we find that Derlin-1 and TER94/VCP/p97, components of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway, restrain intestinal stem cell proliferation to maintain intestinal homeostasis in adult Drosophila.

Autophagy induction in tumor surrounding cells promotes tumor growth in adult Drosophila intestines.

During tumorigenesis, tumor cells interact intimately with their surrounding cells (microenvironment) for their growth and progression. However, the roles of tumor microenvironment in tumor development and progression are not fully understood. Here, using an established benign tumor model in adult Drosophila intestines, we find that non-cell autonomous autophagy (NAA) is induced in tumor surrounding neighbor cells.

Exosome-mediated miRNA delivery promotes liver cancer EMT and metastasis.

The deregulation of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) plays an important role in the progression of hepatocarcinogenesis. In this study, we highlight exosomes as mediators involved in modulating miRNA profiles in liver cancer cells after induction of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis. Initially, we induced EMT in a hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HCC) line (Hep3B) by stimulation with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and confirmed by western blot detection of EMT markers such as vimentin and E-cadherin.