Prediction of risk factors associated with the development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in patients with tuberculosis.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate a reliable nomogram based on clinical factors to predict development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) associated with individuals with tuberculosis (TB), so as to reduce the harm and economic burden caused by disease progression.

Methods: The study included 4,251 individuals with TB who received treatment at Huzhou Central Hospital between January 2016 and December 2023, excluding 87 individuals because of infection with non-TB mycobacterium or incomplete information (including missing laboratory or clinical data). A total of 4,164 individuals (2,261 sputum smear-positive and 1,903 sputum smear-negative patients) were ultimately included in the analysis.

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors analysis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among tuberculosis population in Huzhou City, Eastern China.

The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) within the tuberculosis (TB) population in Huzhou City, identify associated risk factors, furnish reference values for clinical practice, and establish standardized anti-TB treatment regimens. Retrospectively analyzing data from TB patients in Huzhou City encompassed 2,261 cases with sputum smear positive and 1,754 cases with sputum smear negative from January 2016 to December 2022. There were 3.

The correlation between immune profiles and pathological changes in pulmonary tuberculosis granulomas revealed by bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation.

Most of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) infection result in the formation of granulomas, which are often rich in immune cells, with subsequent clinical symptoms. However, the role of the immune system in the formation of tuberculosis granuloma structures has not been fully revealed. Here we first analyzed single-cell transcriptome and microenvironment spatial characteristics to reveal the contribution of immune cells to granuloma expansion with validation by immunofluorescence.

Fibrosis-4plus score: a novel machine learning-based tool for screening high-risk varices in compensated cirrhosis (CHESS2004): an international multicenter study.

Background/aims: A large percentage of patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) screening do not have esophageal varices (EV) or have only small EV. We evaluated a large, international, multicenter cohort to develop a novel score, termed FIB-4plus, by combining the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, liver stiffness measurement (LSM), and spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) to identify high-risk EV (HRV) in compensated cirrhosis.

Methods: This international cohort study involved patients with compensated cirrhosis from 17 Chinese hospitals and one Croatian institution (NCT04546360).

Comparisons of efficacy and safety of 400 or 800 ml bacterial count fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of recurrent hepatic encephalopathy: a multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial in China.

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) represents a critical complications of end-stage liver disease, serving as an independent predictor of mortality among patients with cirrhosis. Despite effective treatment with rifaximin, some patients with HE still progress to recurrent episodes, posing a significant therapeutic challenge. Recurrent HE is defined as experiencing two or more episodes within a 6-month period.

The risk of dyslipidemia on PLHIV associated with different antiretroviral regimens in Huzhou.

Background: Dyslipidemia is increasingly common in people living with HIV (PLHIV), thereby increasing the risk of cardiovascular events and diminishing the quality of life for these individuals. The study of blood lipid metabolism of PLHIV has great clinical significance in predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this study aims to examine the blood lipid metabolism status of HIV-infected patients in Huzhou before and after receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and to explore the impact of different HAART regimens on dyslipidemia.

ISIR and its human homolog gene AK131315 strengthen LPS-induced inflammation and acute lung injury by promoting TAK1-dependent NF-κB and MAPK signaling.

Acute lung injury (ALI), a critical complication observed in various clinical disorders, is characterized by widespread inflammation, neutrophil infiltration, and proinflammatory cytokine production. This study showed that the recently identified non-coding RNA ISIR and its human homolog gene AK131315 played a role in regulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses. ISIR and AK131315 increased the production of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated macrophages, and exogenous ISIR aggravated LPS-induced lung inflammation in an animal model of ALI.

Olgotrelvir as a Single-Agent Treatment of Nonhospitalized Patients with Covid-19.

Background: Olgotrelvir is an oral antiviral with dual mechanisms of action targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 main protease (i.e., M) and human cathepsin L.

Activation of hepatic adenosine A1 receptor ameliorates MASH via inhibiting SREBPs maturation.

Metabolic (dysfunction)-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is the advanced stage of metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) lacking approved clinical drugs. Adenosine A1 receptor (AR), belonging to the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) superfamily, is mainly distributed in the central nervous system and major peripheral organs with wide-ranging physiological functions; however, the exact role of hepatic AR in MAFLD remains unclear. Here, we report that liver-specific depletion of AR aggravates while overexpression attenuates diet-induced metabolic-associated fatty liver (MAFL)/MASH in mice.

Suppurative Meningitis Complicated with Arthritis Caused by Streptococcus Suis Infection: A Case Report.

Background: Streptococcus suis () is a common gram-positive bacterium in pigs. Its natural infection sites are the upper respiratory tract (especially tonsils and nasal cavity), reproductive tract and digestive tract of pigs. It is a new emerging human and animal disease.

Cytoplasmic expression of UTP23 promotes colorectal cancer progression.

UTP23 (UTP23 small subunit processome component) plays a pivotal role in the intricate processing and maturation of the small subunit of ribosomes within the nucleolus. In cases of nucleolar stress, such as those observed in certain tumor cells, the aberrant nucleolar organization and structure can lead to the translocation of nucleolar proteins into the nucleus or cytoplasm, consequently impacting the physiological processes of the tumor cells through non-ribosome-related functions. Our investigation revealed altered localization of UTP23 protein in colorectal cancer clinical tissue samples.

The Challenging Path to Diagnosing Extraintestinal Amoebiasis: A Case Report of an HIV-Infected Patient.

Background: Amoebiasis, an infectious disease caused by the parasitic protozoan , is easily misdiagnosed due to its declining incidence and atypical symptoms.

Case Presentation: A 31-year-old male presented to the hospital with dyspnea and inability to lie flat. Imaging studies indicated a large amount of pleural effusion on the right side and multiple huge cysts in the liver.

Nutritional status in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and new nutritional risk screening model for active tuberculosis: a national, multicenter, cross-sectional study in China.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant challenge for public health and is closely associated with malnutrition; however, few studies have attempted to screen malnutrition among TB patients. The study aimed to evaluate the nutrition status and build a new nutritional screening model for active TB.

Methods: A retrospective, multicenter, large cross-sectional study was conducted in China from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021.

Clinical features of Omicron variant infection in 445 patients with coronavirus 19 disease.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can mutate frequently and many new strains have emerged thus far. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics differ with each dominant strain.

Objectives: Obtain an understanding of the clinical characteristics of patients infected with the Omicron variants of the SARS CoV-2.

Anemia is independently associated with mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome: A propensity score matching-based retrospective cohort study in China.

Although previous studies have suggested that hemoglobin is related to the health status of people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) (PLWHA), the role of anemia in mortality remains unclear. This study aimed to comprehensively quantify the effect of anemia on the mortality risk of PLWHA. In this retrospective cohort study, we thoroughly estimated the effect of anemia on PLWHA mortality, using data collected from January 2005 to June 2022 in the Huzhou area, in 450 subjects extracted from the database of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and matched them using a propensity score matching approach to balance potential confounding bias.

Functionalized MOF-Derived Nanoporous Carbon as Compatible Nanofiller to Fabricate Defect-Free PDMS-Based Mixed Matrix Pervaporation Membranes.

Metal-organic framework (MOF)-based polydimethylsiloxane mixed matrix membranes applied for alcohol recovery with high permeability and selectivity are drawing more and more attention. However, the design and fabrication of high-quality and stable MOF-based mixed matrix membrane for pervaporation are still a big challenge. Herein, PDMS functionalized MOF-derived nanoporous carbon (P-ZNC) was first explored as compatible nanofiller to mutually blend with polydimethylsiloxane on PVDF substrate to fabricate defect-free mixed matrix membranes via dip-coating and thermal cross-linkng.

Determination of in vivo biological activities of Dodonaea viscosa flowers against CCL toxicity in albino mice with bioactive compound detection.

Dodonaea viscosa L.Jacq. is an evergreen shrub and native to Asia, Africa, and Australia.

Global transmission dynamic of SIR model in the time of SARS-CoV-2.

This current work studies a new mathematical model for SARS-CoV-2. We show how immigration, protection, death rate, exposure, cure rate and interaction of infected people with healthy people affect the population. Our model is SIR model, which has three classes including susceptible, infected and recovered respectively.

Seraprevir and sofosbuvir for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection: A single-arm, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background And Aim: This single-arm, open-label, multicenter, phase 3 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of seraprevir, an hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 3/4A (NS3/4A) inhibitor, combined with sofosbuvir for treating Chinese patients with chronic HCV infection without cirrhosis.

Methods: Treatment-naive or interferon-experienced adult patients without cirrhosis were treated with a universal, combinational regimen of seraprevir 100 mg, twice daily and sofosbuvir 400 mg, once daily, for 12 or 24 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was sustained virologic response at week 12 after treatment (SVR12).

Cross-sectional retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics of chronic hepatitis B patients with oral antiviral treatment in eastern China.

Background: In China, more than 20 million patients with chronic hepatitis B need antiviral treatment. Side effects of antiviral treatment such as renal complications can be problematic, particularly in an aging population.

Methods: The data were retrospectively extracted from the hospital medical charts of five centers in eastern China from January 1 to December 31, 2018.