Prognostic significance of DNA ploidy, stroma fraction, and nucleotyping in stage IIIb colon cancer and their implications for adjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: DNA ploidy (P), stroma fraction (S), and nucleotyping (N), collectively known as PSN, have demonstrated prognostic accuracy in various stages of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the prognostic value of the PSN panel in stage IIIb colon cancer patients receiving CapOX adjuvant chemotherapy remains unclear.

Patients And Methods: Postoperative pathological samples from stage IIIb colon cancer patients who underwent radical surgery and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were retrospectively collected.

A BTK-activatable targeted covalent NIR fluorescent probe for kinase monitoring and B-cell lymphoma imaging.

B-cell lymphoma is one of the most aggressive malignancies worldwide. Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), a crucial mediator of B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway, has emerged as a pivotal therapeutic target for B-cell lymphoma, so developing a molecular probe capable of quantitatively monitoring BTK expression and activity in live cells would be highly desirable for the early diagnosis and therapy of B-cell lymphoma. Here, we have constructed a BTK-activatable NIR fluorescent (NIRF) probe (Ibt-CyOH), which features a targeting ligand of ibrutinib as a recognition unit, a NIRF reporter, and an α-methylated acrylamide as a cleavable linker, triggered by nucleophilic addition-elimination reactions.

[Mechanism of Hezi Decoction in reducing toxic side effects of Euphoriae Ebracteolata Radix on intestine based on proteomics].

This paper aimed to explore the intestinal toxicity of Euphoriae Ebracteolata Radix(EER) before and after being processed with Mongolian medicine Hezi Decoction(HZD) and the toxicity-reducing mechanism of this processing method. The intestinal toxicity in rats treated with unprocessed EER and HZD-processed EER extracts via 95% ethanol was compared. The comparison was based on several indicators, including fecal volume, serum diamine oxidase(DAO) and D-lactate(D-LA) levels, the water content of various intestinal segments and their contents, and inflammatory factor levels in intestinal segments.

[Mechanism of Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix processed by milk in reducing intestinal toxicity].

This study aimed to investigate the correlation between changes in intestinal toxicity and compositional alterations of Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix(commonly known as Langdu) before and after milk processing, and to explore the detoxification mechanism of milk processing. Mice were intragastrically administered the 95% ethanol extract of raw Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix, milk-decocted(milk-processed), and water-decocted(water-processed) Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix. Fecal morphology, fecal water content, and the release levels of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) in different intestinal segments were used as indicators to evaluate the effects of different processing methods on the cathartic effect and intestinal inflammatory toxicity of Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix.

[Studies on common irritant components in three different base sources of Polygonati Rhizoma].

To explore the common irritant components in different base sources of Polygonati Rhizoma(PR). A rabbit eye irritation experiment was conducted to compare the irritant effects of raw products of Polygonatum kingianum, P. officinale, and P.

[Analysis of Spatiotemporal Changes and Driving Factors of Ecological Environment Quality in the Yellow River Basin].

The Yellow River Basin plays an important role in China's economic development and ecological protection. Based on remote sensing ecological index （RSEI） data, climate data, digital elevation data, and night-time remote sensing data, the RSEI index was used as the ecological environment quality evaluation index. such as Theil Sen slope estimation, Hurst index, and Mann-Kendall test were used to evaluate the spatiotemporal changes in the ecological environment quality of the Yellow River Basin from 2001 to 2021.

Synthesis of a new oil-absorbing PVC oil boom and its application to maritime oil spills.

This paper aims to address the issue of environmental pollution resulting from marine oil spills by evaluating the oil adsorption performance of commonly used fence materials. Conventional oil adsorption materials exhibit limited rates and capacities for oil adsorption. Existing methods have proven insufficient in meeting the requirements for efficient and rapid oil-water separation.

Metal-phenolic network as precursor complex coating for forward osmosis membrane with enhanced antifouling property.

In this study, a multi-functional layer was developed based on the commercially available cellulose triacetate (CTA) forward osmosis (FO) membrane to improve its antifouling property. Tannic acid/ferric ion (TA/Fe) complexes were firstly coated as a precursor layer on the membrane surface via self-assembly. Afterwards, the tannic acid/diethylenetriamine (TA/DETA) hydrophilic functional layer was further coated, following Ag/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) anti-bacterial layer was formed through the reducibility of TA to obtain TA/Fe-TA/DETA-Ag/PVP-modified membrane.

Reinvent Aliphatic Arsenicals as Reversible Covalent Warheads toward Targeted Kinase Inhibition and Non-acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cancer Treatment.

The success of arsenic in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) treatment is hardly transferred to non-APL cancers, mainly due to the low selectivity and weak binding affinity of traditional arsenicals to oncoproteins critical for cancer survival. We present herein the reinvention of aliphatic trivalent arsenicals (As) as reversible covalent warheads of As-based targeting inhibitors toward Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). The effects of As warheads' valency, thiol protection, methylation, spacer length, and size on inhibitors' activity were studied.

Fluorinated polyether-coated FeO-functionalized oxidized carbon nanotubes as a recyclable demulsifier for crude oil emulsion treatment.

Based on the excellent adsorption properties of carbon materials, a new magnetic nanodemulsifier was prepared in this study. First, carbon nanotubes were oxidized using a solvothermal method. Then, FeO was combined with oxidized carbon nanotubes using a one-pot method, and then grafted onto fluorine-containing polyether to prepare a magnetic composite demulsifier (FeO@C-F) with good demulsification properties.

Polydopamine modified cerium-based MOFs/ chitosan aerogel beads for the efficient phosphate removal.

The metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered as the effective adsorbents for phosphate removal, while their ultrafine powders limit their practical application. In this study, we fabricate two chitosan (CS) gel beads added with different cerium-based MOFs and coated with PDA for phosphate adsorption. The MOFs doped in beads are CM1 and CM2, in which the Ce(III)/Ce(IV) ratio is 0.

The triangular relationship between traditional Chinese medicines, intestinal flora, and colorectal cancer.

Over the past decade, colorectal cancer has reported a higher incidence in younger adults and a lower mortality rate. Recently, the influence of the intestinal flora in the initiation, progression, and treatment of colorectal cancer has been extensively studied, as well as their positive therapeutic impact on inflammation and the cancer microenvironment. Historically, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of colorectal cancer via promoted cancer cell apoptosis, inhibited cancer metastasis, and reduced drug resistance and side effects.

Deep Possibilistic -means Clustering Algorithm on Medical Datasets.

In the past, the possibilistic -means clustering algorithm (PCM) has proven its superiority on various medical datasets by overcoming the unstable clustering effect caused by both the hard division of traditional hard clustering models and the susceptibility of fuzzy -means clustering algorithm (FCM) to noise. However, with the deep integration and development of the Internet of Things (IoT) as well as big data with the medical field, the width and height of medical datasets are growing bigger and bigger. In the face of high-dimensional and giant complex datasets, it is challenging for the PCM algorithm based on machine learning to extract valuable features from thousands of dimensions, which increases the computational complexity and useless time consumption and makes it difficult to avoid the quality problem of clustering.

Phase Ⅰ and phase Ⅱ metabolic studies of Citrus flavonoids based on electrochemical simulation and in vitro methods by EC-Q-TOF/MS and HPLC-Q-TOF/MS.

The oxidation products and metabolic pathways of five Citrus flavonoids were studied by online electrochemical/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (EC/Q-TOF/MS). The simulated oxidation metabolism of target compounds in phase I and phase Ⅱ was carried out at boron-doped diamond (BDD) working electrode. The results obtained by EC-MS were compared with the conventional metabolism of rats and humans reported in previous literatures.

Ion pair-based mobile phase additives to improve the separation of alkaloids in supercritical fluid chromatography.

In this study, a supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) method based on ion pair reagents was used to separate alkaloids. The chromatographic parameters, including the stationary phase, additive type, additive concentration, outlet pressure, temperature and flow rate, were optimized. Baseline separation was completed in 20 min on an Agilent Pursuit 5 PFP column (4.

Boron nitride nanosheet-assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction of alkaloids from lotus plumule by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection and ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

A boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS)-assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion method was established to microextract alkaloids from medicinal plants. The target compounds were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection and ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. During the experimental process, several important parameters, including the type of dispersant, the amount of dispersant, the grinding time, and the type of elution solvent, were optimized.

Carbonized biosorbent assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction for active compounds from functional food.

In this study, mangosteen peel based activated carbon was prepared and first applied as adsorbent in matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) for simultaneously extraction of flavonoids from Dendrobium huoshanense prior to their separation and determination by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS). The MSPD-UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS method was validated exhaustively. Good linearities (r ≥ 0.

Optically Active Nanomaterials for Bioimaging and Targeted Therapy.

Non-invasive tracking for monitoring the selective delivery and transplantation of biotargeted agents has been employed as one of the most effective tools in the field of nanomedicine. Different nanoprobes have been developed and applied to bioimaging tissues and the treatment of diseases ranging from inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases to cancer. Herein, we will review the recent advances in the development of optics-responsive nanomaterials, including organic and inorganic nanoparticles, for multimodal bioimaging and targeted therapy.

New insights into mechanism of bisphenol analogue neurotoxicity: implications of inhibition of O-GlcNAcase activity in PC12 cells.

Bisphenol analogues including bisphenol A and its derivatives are ubiquitous environmental contaminants and have been linked to adverse neurodevelopment effects on animals and humans. Most toxicological research focused on estrogen receptor mediated pathways and did not comprehensively clarify the observed toxicity. O-GlcNAcase (OGA), the highest level in brain, plays a critical role in controlling neuronal functions at multi-levels from molecule to animal behaviors.

Mesoscopic simulations of drug-loaded diselenide crosslinked micelles: Stability, drug loading and release properties.

Intelligent reversible crosslinked micelles that have a good balance of structure stability in normal tissue and controlled drug release responded to the tumor microenvironment are highly promising novel drug delivery systems. However, to date, there have been very few reports about mesoscale simulations of drug-loaded polymeric reversible crosslinked micelles. Here, dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation, the nearest-neighbor bonding principle, and the nearest media-bead bond breaking principle were used to investigate the influence of physiological environment along with low tumor pH and reduction microenvironment on the stability and doxorubicin (DOX) distribution of the star polymer [PCL-b-P(HEMA-Se-Se˜)-b-PPEGMA] diselenide crosslinked micelles with different diselenide crosslinking levels (CLs).

Inhibition of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase activity in PC12 cells - A molecular mechanism of organophosphate flame retardants developmental neurotoxicity.

Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), as alternatives of brominated flame retardants, can cause neurodevelopmental effects similar to organophosphate pesticides. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity remain elusive. O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) regulates numerous neural processes through the O-GlcNAcylation modification of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins.

Label-free electrochemical biosensing of small-molecule inhibition on O-GlcNAc glycosylation.

O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) plays a critical role in modulating protein function in many cellular processes and human diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and type II diabetes, and has emerged as a promising new target. Specific inhibitors of OGT could be valuable tools to probe the biological functions of O-GlcNAcylation, but a lack of robust nonradiometric assay strategies to detect glycosylation, has impeded efforts to identify such compounds. Here we have developed a novel label-free electrochemical biosensor for the detection of peptide O-GlcNAcylation using protease-protection strategy and electrocatalytic oxidation of tyrosine mediated by osmium bipyridine as a signal reporter.