Coptisine mitigates acute lung injury by alleviating ferroptosis through the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Coptis chinensis Franch is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb renowned for its anti-inflammatory effects. Coptisine (COP), its primary active constituent, exhibits multiple pharmacological properties, yet its therapeutic impact on acute lung injury (ALI) warrants further investigation.

Aim Of The Study: The research aimed to elucidate COP's protective effects against ALI and its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Natsudaidain alleviates acute lung injury through the PI3K/Akt and P53 signaling pathways by inhibiting MLE-12 apoptosis: a network pharmacology study and experimental validation.

Background/purpose: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a pulmonary condition resulting from dysregulated inflammation and disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier. Natsudaidain has the potential to alleviate inflammatory diseases; however, its role in alleviates ALI remains unknown. This research aims to investigate the impact of natsudaidain in the treatment of ALI.

AcrIF11 is a potent CRISPR-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase encoded by phage and plasmid.

Phage-encoded anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins inhibit CRISPR-Cas systems, allowing phage replication and lysogeny maintenance. Most of the Acrs characterized to date are stable stoichiometric inhibitors. While enzymatic Acrs have been characterized biochemically, little is known about their potency, specificity, and reversibility.

TDP-43 mediated oxidative stress induced mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons and hyperalgesia in sciatic nerve injured mice.

Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic pain with a highly complex pathogenesis, in which oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play significant roles in its progression, but its underlying mechanism is still unclear. TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is one of the DNA-binding protein contributing to the homeostasis of mitochondria. This study is to explore the role of TDP-43 in mitochondrial dysfunction and pain formation in a mouse model.

Mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of American silk moth and its Asian relatives (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae).

American silk moth, Cramer 1775 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), native to North America, has potential significance in sericulture for food consumption and silk production. To date, the phylogenetic relationship and divergence time of with its Asian relatives remain unknown. To end these issues, two mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of from the USA and Canada respectively were determined.

The mechanism of lncRNA SSTR5-AS1 promoting ferroptosis resistance and immune escape in ovarian cancer cells by recruiting STAT3 to regulate SLC7A11 expression.

Objective: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the foremost cause of gynecological cancer-related mortality. Respecting the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in malignancies, we explored the mechanism of SSTR5-AS1 regulating OC cell ferroptosis resistance and immune escape via the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/solute carrier family 7a member 11 (SLC7A11) axis.

Methods: OC cells were treated with si-SSTR5-AS1, oe-SSTR5-AS1 and oe-SLC7A11 plasmids.

Smart pH-Responsive Conductive Polyurethane Fibers: Doping Strategies for Advanced Wound Care.

Inspired by the pH fluctuations of skin wounds, a protonic acid-doped conductive polyurethane (dCP) fibrous membrane was developed via electrospinning. This study introduces a smart conductive system with pH-responsive electroactivity that adapts to the dynamic wound microenvironment, enhancing both wound healing and antibacterial efficacy. Systematic optimization with camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) doping, the system was evaluated under three physiological pH conditions (7.

α-Cyperone safeguards against cerebral ischaemia‒reperfusion injury through the activation of the Nrf2 signalling pathway.

Neuroinflammation is a significant factor that exacerbates secondary damage following cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (CI/R) injury. α-Cyperone (CYP), the principal active constituent of the traditional Chinese medicine Cyperus rotundus L., decreases inflammation.

Lipidomics reveals biomarkers of the efficacy of first-line ICI therapy combined with chemotherapy in NSCLC.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) plus chemotherapy have become the first-line standard therapy for non-oncogene addicted advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. There is a lack of reliable biomarkers to predict treatment outcomes. This study aimed to identify relevant lipids that can predict treatment outcomes in NSCLC patients receiving first-line ICIs plus chemotherapy via lipidomics.

Injectable and Conductive Polyurethane Gel with Load-Responsive Antibiosis for Sustained Root Canal Disinfection.

To address the limitations of conventional antibacterial therapies, we developed an injectable, conductive polyurethane-based composite gel system for sustained root canal disinfection. This gel incorporates piezoelectric nanoparticles (n-BaTiO) and conductive segments (aniline trimer, AT) within a polyurethane matrix, which synergistically interact with a static antimicrobial agent (n-ZnO) to achieve dynamic, mechano-responsive antibacterial activity. Under cyclic compression (simulating mastication), the piezoelectric gels exhibited enhanced electroactivity via the mechano-electric coupling effect, generating 2-fold higher voltage and a 1.

Nintedanib alleviates hyperoxia-induced lung injury via targeting NF-κB signalling pathway in rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Introduction: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease in premature infants. Hyperoxia is the main pathogenic factor of BPD. Nintedanib is a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has been confirmed to affect several cellular processes in different diseases.

Risk factors associated with acute kidney injury in patients with traumatic brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify and quantify the risk factors associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched for articles published up to October 2024. Observational studies published in English that reported on risk factors for AKI in TBI patients were included.

Comparative genomics of three medicinal Glycyrrhiza species unveiled novel candidates for the production of important bioactive compounds.

Licorice is a popular herb around the world, with Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Glycyrrhiza inflata, and Glycyrrhiza glabra being the three most common medicinal species. Glycyrrhizin, the most important bioactive compound, determines the quality of medicinal licorices. Besides, some characteristic flavonoids, such as licochalcone A (LCA) from G.

Predicting infections with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in neurocritical care patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP): development of a novel multivariate prediction model.

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is prevalent in the neuro-intensive care unit (NICU), significantly increasing susceptibility to infections with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), which result in high mortality rates and substantial healthcare burdens. Recognition and intervention are paramount. This study aimed to build a prediction model for MDRO infections among NICU patients with HAP.

Effects of folic acid supplementation before conception on innate immunity and anti-HBs levels of offspring born to HBsAg-positive mothers.

Introduction: Folic acid has been associated with fetal development, especially in fetal immunity. Therefore, limited evidence regarding the effects of different folic acid supplementation of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers in innate immunity in offspring. Herein, this study aimed to explore the association between folic acid supplementation and the innate immunity of neonates and the immunological efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB), which may provide insights that could inform pre-pregnancy health management in HBsAg-positive mothers.

Designing Flexible Carbon Nanofiber Membranes by Electrospinning and Cross-Linking for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.

Traditional carbon-based materials suffer from fragility, low mechanical strength, and electrical conductivity when they are used as a gas diffusion layer (GDL) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), resulting in low power density. In this study, a flexible carbon nanofiber membrane (CFM) was studied for use as a GDL, prepared by polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospinning with the incorporation of carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), polyethylenimine (PEI) impregnation, glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linking, and thermal treatment. The concentrations of MWCNTs in the electrospinning solution and PEI in the impregnation solution were investigated.

Histone deacetylases repress the accumulation of licochalcone A by inhibiting the expression of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway-related genes in licorice (Glycyrrhiza inflata).

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a crucial role in regulating plant growth, stress responses, and specialized metabolism. Licorice, utilized as both food and herbal medicine for millennia, includes Glycyrrhiza inflata as one of its primary medicinal species used globally. This study investigated the regulatory function of HDAC-mediated histone deacetylation in flavonoid biosynthesis in licorice.

Mechanism study of the effects of astragaloside IV and quercetin on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of astragaloside IV(AS-IV) and quercetin (QCT) on autophagic activity, pyroptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT) in the context of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), utilizing both in vivo and in vitro models. In the in vivo component of the research, C57BL/6 J mice were subjected to bleomycin (BLM) modeling, followed by AS-IV + QCT intervention at low, medium, and high doses for 14 and 28 days. Pathological changes in lung tissue were assessed through HE and Masson staining.

Impact of physician awareness and microbiological examination on incidence of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis: a retrospective study.

Background: The reported incidence of aspergillosis among COVID-19 patients has varied significantly, which can be partly attributed to differences in diagnostic approaches and levels of physicians' proficiency in diagnosing COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). Consequently, we conducted a retrospective study to investigate the potential reasons for these discrepancies and analyzed the risk factors for pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with COVID-19.

Method: Data were retrospectively collected from December 1, 2022, to September 30, 2023, from patients who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.

The FLNA Gene in Tumour-Educated Platelets Can Be Utilised to Identify High-Risk Populations for NSCLCs.

Selective screening of the population based on NSCLC risk is an effective technique for minimising overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Platelets and the components can be used as liquid-biopsy markers, potentially assessing the risk of NSCLC, which are easily deployed in clinical applications. Platelet RNA sequencing datasets were analysed to identify specific genes derived from NSCLC patients and healthy donors.

Quality Evaluation of Qingwei Huanglian Pills Based on Fingerprint and Quantitative Analysis of Multi-Index Components Combined with Chemical Pattern Recognition Analysis.

Qingwei Huanglian Pills (QHPs) is one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicine preparations for the treatment of mouth and tongue sores, but the existing quality evaluation standards have certain shortcomings and deficiencies. An effective and scientific quality evaluation method plays a vital role in medication safety. In this study, fingerprint and quantitative analysis of multi-index components combined with chemical pattern recognition analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of QHPs.

Expert Consensus on Perioperative Physician-Pharmacist Airway Co-Management.

Background: Airway management during the perioperative period is a vital component of perioperative care. However, there is a lack of consensus on the selection of medications, timing of administration, and the management of airway complications. This consensus aimed to promote a more rational and standardized application of airway management medications.

Jumbo phage killer immune system targets early infection of nucleus-forming phages.

Jumbo bacteriophages of the ϕKZ-like family assemble a lipid-based early phage infection (EPI) vesicle and a proteinaceous nucleus-like structure during infection. These structures protect the phage from nucleases and may create selective pressure for immunity mechanisms targeting this specific phage family. Here, we identify "jumbo phage killer" (Juk), a two-component immune system that terminates infection of ϕKZ-like phages, suppressing the expression of early phage genes and preventing phage DNA replication and phage nucleus assembly while saving the cell.

Efficacy of probiotics combined with metformin and a calorie-restricted diet in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: To explore the efficacy of probiotics combined with metformin and a calorie-restricted diet in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: Clinical data of 141 obese PCOS patients treated in the 73rd Group Army Hospital from June 2021 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were grouped according to the treatment records: metformin group (n=69), patients treated with metformin and a calorie-restricted diet) and combined group (n=72, patients treated with probiotics combined with metformin and a calorie-restricted diet).