ROS-Responsive Nanosystem Targeted Co-Delivery YC-1 and Regorafenib to Alleviate Hypoxia Enhancing Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy.

Purpose: The current treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is confronted with anoxic drug resistance and significant side effects. To address these issues, a Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-responsive and targeted nano drug delivery system named REG/YC-1@PTP-RGD NPs (RYP-RGD NPs) was designed for the co-delivery of Regorafenib (REG) and the hypoxia inhibitor 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole (YC-1).

Methods: RYP-RGD NPs were fabricated through the self-assembly method.

RAB7 protects against ischemic heart failure via promoting non-canonical TUFM mitophagy pathway.

Cardiomyocyte apoptosis critically contributes to ischemic heart failure (IHF) progression. While the endosome-lysosome system governs cellular homeostasis, the functional significance of its master regulator RAB7 in cardiac pathophysiology remains unexplored. Using myocardial infarction (MI) models via left anterior descending coronary artery ligation in cardiomyocyte-specific RAB7 knockout mice and adeno-associated virus-mediated RAB7 overexpression models, we assessed cardiac function and adverse remodeling through echocardiography and pathophysiological assessment.

Advances in sRNA-mediated regulation of infection in the host.

is a foodborne pathogen that enters the host's body through contaminated food and water, leading to gastroenteritis and systemic diseases. It is a significant veterinary and human pathogen capable of infecting both humans and animals, with substantial impacts on public health, human well-being, and the economic development of the livestock and poultry farming industry. Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs), typically 50-500 nucleotides (nt) in length, have been identified in various bacteria, including , , , and .

High metastatic tumor-derived CXCL16 mediates liver colonization metastasis by inducing Kupffer cell polarization via the PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a pathway.

Liver metastases represent a late-stage manifestation of numerous cancers, often associated with poor patient prognosis. Kupffer cells (KCs), resident liver macrophages, play a critical role in liver metastasis (LM). However, the mechanisms by which the polarization of KCs facilitate colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases remain elusive.

Comparison of the anti-hyperuricemia effects of several cinnamic acid derivatives.

Background: Cinnamic acid derivatives, such as p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and chlorogenic acid, exhibit uric acid-lowering effects through the inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XOD). While the clinically used XOD inhibitor allopurinol is associated with significant side effects, these natural polyphenolic compounds exhibit comparable efficacy with improved safety.

Results: In hyperuricemic mouse models and in vitro assays, these polyphenolic compounds effectively reduced serum uric acid levels through XOD inhibition.

Tetraptycene derivatives: synthesis, structure and their self-assemblies in solid state.

As iptycenes of arenes are fused to a bicyclo[2.2.2]octatriene bridgehead system, there are only odd-sequenced iptycene family members, such as triptycene, pentiptycene and heptiptycene.

Characterization and Protective Efficacy of a ATCC 14028 Mutant as a Live Attenuated Vaccine Candidate.

Background: poses a substantial health risk to both humans and animals. This study evaluated the potential of using the Δ mutant as a live-attenuated vaccine candidate by constructing it through homologous recombination and assessing its key biological properties, including growth characteristics, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy.

Methods: We generated the Δ mutant through targeted gene deletion, ensuring the preservation of the bacterial strain's growth and stability.

Molecular simulation-aided self-adjuvanting nanoamplifier for cancer photoimmunotherapy.

: By leveraging the power of photodynamic therapy (PDT), photosensitizers eliminate cancer cells under specific laser irradiation and trigger systemic immune responses, a potent strategy in tumor immunotherapy. However, the accompanying tumor microenvironment induces immunosuppression, restricting the efficacy of PDT. : Computer-aided screening was used to identify adjuvants, followed by flow cytometry analysis to assess the activation levels of various immune cells in both and experiments.

The Prognostic Significance of TRs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Insights from TCGA and GEO Databases.

Background: Reduced expression of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) has been observed in various human malignancies, though its predictive value in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains uncertain.

Objective: To explore the predictive value of TRs in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Design: The design was bioinformatic analysis combined with experimental study.

TRIF-TAK1 signaling suppresses caspase-8/3-mediated GSDMD/E activation and pyroptosis in influenza A virus-infected airway epithelial cells.

Pyroptosis plays an important role in attracting innate immune cells to eliminate infected niches. Our study focuses on how influenza A virus (IAV) infection triggers pyroptosis in respiratory epithelial cells. Here, we report that IAV infection induces pyroptosis in a human and murine airway epithelial cell line.

Chinese guidelines for minimally invasive donor hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation (2024 edition).

Background: Minimally invasive surgeries are increasingly central to modern medicine, particularly in liver transplantation. These techniques, which offer reduced trauma, precise operations, minimal bleeding, and swift recovery, are, however, unevenly adopted across China. Only a limited number of centers routinely perform minimally invasive donor hepatectomies, indicating a significant imbalance in the development and application of these advanced procedures.

Mechanistic Insights into Influenza A Virus-Induced Cell Death and Emerging Treatment Strategies.

Influenza A virus (IAV) infection initiates a complex interplay of cell death modalities, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and their integration, known as PANoptosis, which significantly impacts host immune responses and tissue integrity. These pathways are intricately regulated by viral proteins and host factors, contributing to both viral clearance and pathogenesis-related tissue damage. This review comprehensively explores the molecular mechanisms underlying these cell death processes in influenza infection.

Loss of DNA Polymerase β Delays Atherosclerosis in Mice Due to Inhibition of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is an inflammatory disease characterized by arterial inflammation. One important trigger for AS development is the excessive migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs); however, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the role of DNA polymerase β (Pol β), a crucial enzyme involved in base excision repair, VSMC migration, and subsequent AS development.

Thermo-controlled Water Microenvironment Inducing Fluorescence Enhancement of Chalcone Nanohydrogels for Mitochondrial Temperature Sensing.

Developing aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based hydrogels that exhibit fluorescence enhancement as to thermal properties is an interesting and challenging task. In this work, we employed the fluorophore 2'-hydroxychalcone (HC), fluorescence properties of which are easily influenced by the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer and twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) effects, to develop a novel type of temperature-sensitive polymers, hydroxychalcone-based polymers (HCPs). By controlling the temperature-dependent water microenvironments in HCPs, the intramolecular hydrogen bonds between water and HCPs can be regulated, thereby influencing the TICT process and leading to thermo-induced fluorescence enhancement, which shows a contrary tendency compared to typical AIEgens that always exhibit fluorescence attenuation as the thermal energy accelerates the molecular motion.

Enhanced interactions within microenvironment accelerates dismal prognosis in HBV-related HCC after TACE.

Background: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the first-line treatment for patients with advanced HCC, but there are limited studies on the microenvironment alterations caused by TACE.

Methods: Six fresh HBV-related HCC specimens with or without TACE intervention were used to perform single-cell RNA sequencing. The 757 bulk samples from 3 large-scale multicenter cohorts were applied for comprehensive analysis.

Gut dysbiosis contributes to the development of Budd-Chiari syndrome through immune imbalance.

Unlabelled: Budd-Chiari syndrome (B-CS) is a rare and lethal condition characterized by hepatic venous outflow tract blockage. Gut microbiota has been linked to numerous hepatic disorders, but its significance in B-CS pathogenesis is uncertain. First, we performed a case-control study ( = 140, = 63) to compare the fecal microbiota of B-CS and healthy individuals by metagenomics sequencing.

Influenza A virus infection activates caspase-8 to enhance innate antiviral immunity by cleaving CYLD and blocking TAK1 and RIG-I deubiquitination.

Caspase-8, an aspartate-specific cysteine protease that primarily functions as an initiator caspase to induce apoptosis, can downregulate innate immunity in part by cleaving RIPK1 and IRF3. However, patients with caspase-8 mutations or deficiency develop immunodeficiency and are prone to viral infections. The molecular mechanism underlying this controversy remains unknown.

Application of a novel nested ensemble algorithm in predicting motor function recovery in patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury.

Traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (TCSCI) often causes varying degrees of motor dysfunction, common assessed by the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI), in association with the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale. Accurate prediction of motor function recovery is extremely important for formulating effective diagnosis, therapeutic and rehabilitation programs. The aim of this study is to investigate the validity of a novel nested ensemble algorithm that uses the very early ASIA motor score (AMS) of ISNCSCI examination to predict motor function recovery 6 months after injury in TCSCI patients.

PD-L2 Expression in Breast Cancer Promotes Tumor Development and Progression.

Background: This work focused on investigating the role of programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2) in the progression of breast cancer by utilizing breast cancer specimens and cells.

Materials And Methods: The serum levels of soluble PD-L2 (sPD-L2) in breast cancer patients and healthy individuals were analyzed by means of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the PD-L2 levels within 416 resected breast cancer specimens were assessed through immunohistochemistry. Concurrently, in vitro cell experiments and in vivo animal experiments were carried out to analyze the relationship between PD-L2 and the invasion and migration of breast cancer.

A Novel Radiological Scoring System for Anterior Longitudinal Ligament Injuries.

Background And Aim: Cervical hyperextension injury is very frequent with anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) injury, and the ligament damage has a remarkable effect on whether and what type of operation should be performed. This study aims to establish a new scoring system for the accurate diagnosis of ALL damage.

Methods: The imaging data of the consecutive patients was measured and scored by four radiologists.

Fabrication and application of glutathione biosensing SPCE strips with gold nanoparticle modification.

Glutathione (GSH) is a major antioxidant in organisms. An alteration in GSH concentration has been implicated in a number of pathological conditions. Therefore, GSH sensing has become a critical issue.