GASPS: A Multi-Omics Framework for Defining Genomic Aberration-Driven Signatures and Predicting Patient Outcomes in Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Recent advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapies have achieved remarkable success. However, patient responses to treatments with lung cancer vary substantially.

The Next Layer: Augmenting Foundation Models with Structure-Preserving and Attention-Guided Learning for Local Patches to Global Context Awareness in Computational Pathology.

Foundation models have recently emerged as powerful feature extractors in computational pathology, yet they typically omit mechanisms for leveraging the global spatial structure of tissues and the local contextual relationships among diagnostically relevant regions - key elements for understanding the tumor microenvironment. Multiple instance learning (MIL) remains an essential next step following foundation model, designing a framework to aggregate patch-level features into slide-level predictions. We present EAGLE-Net, a structure-preserving, attention-guided MIL architecture designed to augment prediction and interpretability.

In Situ Soft X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Investigation on Charge Transfer Mechanism in COF/CdS S-Scheme Photocatalyst.

Photocatalysis enabled by step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunction has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing the global energy crisis and achieving carbon neutrality. However, mechanisms regulating the interfacial charge transfer dynamics of S-scheme heterojunctions remain elusive. Herein, the electron transfer mechanisms are elucidated for a model S-scheme heterojunction composed of cadmium sulfide and a covalent organic framework material using synchrotron-based in situ soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy, substantiating the well-established in situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Case report of ventricular tachycardia simulation facilitated ablation for refractory ventricular arrhythmia post-myocardial infarction: aiming before firing.

Background: The management of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) following myocardial infarction presents substantial challenges due to the high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in cases refractory to medical therapy. In certain cases, the arrhythmogenic anatomical substrate is located in the epicardium. Consequently, achieving a transmural injury by endocardial catheter ablation has always been infeasible.

An innovative bimodal computed tomography data-driven deep learning model for predicting aortic dissection: a multi-center study.

Background: Aortic dissection (AD) is a lethal emergency requiring prompt diagnosis. Current computed tomography angiography (CTA)-based diagnosis requires contrast agents, which expends time, whereas existing deep learning (DL) models only support single-modality inputs [non-contrast computed tomography (CT) or CTA]. In this study, we propose a bimodal DL framework to independently process both types, enabling dual-path detection and improving diagnostic efficiency.

Inhibition mechanism and behaviour of wedelolactone against α-glucosidase.

The quest for effective and safe treatments for diabetes mellitus has led to the exploration of natural metabolites as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. This study delves into the inhibition mechanism of wedelolactone against α-glucosidase and its hypoglycaemic activity. Activity assay results discovered that wedelolactone functioned as a mixed-type inhibitor, with an IC of 39.

BIM-Ken: Identifying Disease-Related miRNA Biomarkers Based on Knowledge-Enhanced Bio-Network.

The identification of microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers is crucial in advancing disease research and improving diagnostic precision. Network-based analysis methods are powerful for identifying disease-related biomarkers. However, it is a challenge to generate a robust molecular network that can accurately reflect miRNA interactions and define reliable miRNA biomarkers.

A Positive Feedback Loop Between SPP1Macrophages and Tumor Cells Promotes Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression.

Background: Emerging research has identified SPP1macrophages as playing a critical role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the specific mechanism by which SPP1macrophages promote HNSCC progression remains poorly understood.

Methods: The interaction of SPP1 and CD44 between SPP1macrophages and tumor cells was detected by multiplex immunohistochemical staining of tissue sections, co-immunoprecipitation, and immunocytochemistry after co-culture.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities Along the Treatment Cascade Among Medicare Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries With Metastatic Breast, Colorectal, Lung, and Prostate Cancers.

Purpose: This study evaluated racial and ethnic disparities along the treatment cascade for Medicare fee-for-service patients with metastatic breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancers and disparities in overall survival by treatment receipt and quantified factors contributing to these disparities.

Methods: Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with newly diagnosed metastatic hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast, colorectal, non-small cell lung, and prostate cancers from the SEER-Medicare-linked database (2016-2020) were studied. We used multivariable logistic regression to evaluate disparities along the treatment cascade, multivariable Cox regressions to evaluate disparities in overall survival by treatment receipt, and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition to quantify the contribution of factors related to disparities.

First-line MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors versus immunotherapy ± chemotherapy for patients with MET exon 14 skipping mutant metastatic NSCLC.

Purpose: First-line treatment options for MET exon 14 skipping (METex14) mutant metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) vary due to differences in drug approvals and clinical experience. This study investigates factors influencing outcomes with first-line MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) versus immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI)±chemotherapy.

Experimental Design: Clinicopathologic data were collected from patients with metastatic METex14 mutant NSCLC receiving first-line MET TKI or ICI±chemotherapy at five centers.

Metal-free and biocompatible TEMPO-containing nanoparticles for safe magnetic resonance imaging and stimuli-triggered drug release.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a cornerstone of modern diagnostic imaging. In clinical MRI diagnosis, MRI contrast agents are routinely employed to enhance the image contrast of specific areas in the body. However, conventional metal-based contrast agents pose potential toxicity risks, driving the development of safer metal-free alternatives.

Sporoderm-broken of Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharides alleviate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colon inflammation in mice by regulating Th17/Treg homeostasis and restore gut microbiota balance.

Sporoderm-Broken Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharides (BGLSPs) have demonstrated therapeutic potential in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), however, their mechanisms of action in colitis remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the active BGLSP fractions with anti-IBD activity and elucidate their underlying mechanisms. We identified BGLSP-B2 as the primary active fraction and characterized its physicochemical properties.

The Dual Effect of Spatially Symmetric Polymer for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with Mechanical Robustness and Stability.

The successful commercialization of flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) hinges on their long-term stability and scalability. Surface defects and residual stress stand out as the main factors impeding their performance. These elements play a substantial role in causing perovskite instability, which not only undermines the efficiency of FPSCs but also expedites device degradation.

Is foreign green finance always favourable? Role of EGS on renewable energy.

Transition from traditional fossil fuels to renewable energy is a crucial strategy in mitigating climate change. Existing studies have established various links with renewable energy, but lack consideration of EGS (economic, governance, and social) readiness. We examine the country's resource capability from the perspective of EGS.

Suppressive effects of Momordica charantia MAP30 on the senescence, proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells mediated by CENPA.

Bladder cancer (BC) is notably prevalent, particularly among men. Emerging evidence highlights that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has distinct anticancer properties. This study focuses on recombinant MAP30, a key active constituent of Momordica charantia extract, recognized for its antiviral, immunomodulatory, and antitumor effects.

Paeoniflorin attenuates neuropathic Pain-associated depression by modulating microglial M1 polarization and correcting kynurenine pathway dysregulation.

Neuropathic pain (NP) is increasingly recognized as a chronic stressor contributing to the development of depressive comorbidities through neuroimmune dysregulation. However, the mechanistic interplay between microglial polarization states and kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolism in this process remains incompletely understood. The present study investigated the therapeutic potential of paeoniflorin (PF), a bioactive monoterpene glycoside, in alleviating NP-associated depression by modulating the M1 microglial M1 polarization-kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) pathway.

Prognostic significance of micropapillary pattern and risk factors in patients with resected stage I lung adenocarcinoma and possible benefit of adjuvant therapy: a real-world multicenter study.

Background: Micropapillary (MP) pattern has been identified as a negative prognostic factor in patients with lung adenocarcinoma, but it has not been recognized as a high-risk factor for patients with stage IB lung adenocarcinoma treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. This multicenter cohort study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of histological subtypes for stage I lung adenocarcinoma and to determine the relative survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for subgroups based on MP pattern.

Methods: This retrospective study included 412 patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma [according the eighth edition of the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification] with MP pattern who underwent complete surgical resection between January 2010 and December 2019.

Metabolomic profiling in a rat model of visual fatigue associated with liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome.

Background: Visual fatigue, commonly attributed to excessive eye use or dry conditions, is traditionally associated with deficiencies in liver and kidney yin in Chinese medicine. However, its metabolic aspects remain largely unexplored.

Methods: Levothyroxine sodium combined with tail-clip stimulation induced a rat model of visual fatigue with liver and kidney yin deficiency.

Spatially Engineered Ternary Schottky/S-Scheme Heterojunctions for Artificial Photosynthesis.

Photocatalytic CO reduction into solar fuels presents a promising strategy for carbon mitigation and sustainable energy conversion. However, single-component photocatalysts suffer from inefficient charge separation, while binary heterojunctions-even with cocatalysts assistance-often undergo rapid Coulombic recombination due to timescale mismatches between ultrafast charge transfer and slower surface reaction kinetics. To overcome these limitations, a spatially engineered NbC/NbO/ZnO ternary heterostructure is developed by anchoring ZnO quantum dots (QDs) onto NbO nanorods grown in situ from NbC MXene.

Risk Score Model of Aging-Related Genes for Bladder Cancer and Its Application in Clinical Prognosis.

Purpose: Bladder cancer (BLCA) ranks as the tenth most common malignancy worldwide, with rising incidence and mortality rates. Owing to its molecular and clinical heterogeneity, BLCA is associated with high rates of recurrence and metastasis after surgery, contributing to a poor 5-year survival rate. There is a pressing need for highly sensitive and specific molecular biomarkers to enable early identification of high-risk patients, guide clinical management, and improve patient outcomes.

Double-lumen tubes verus single-lumen tube in patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery: a randomised, controlled clinical trial.

Background: One-lung ventilation (OLV) with double-lumen tubes (DLT) are prone to complications such as airway injury and hypoxemia. It is not clear whether a two-lung ventilation (TLV) with single-lumen tube (SLT) is beneficial for patients undergoing totally endoscopic cardiac valve surgery (TECVS).

Methods: We conducted a pragmatic, single-centre, single-blinded randomised controlled trial.

Gene signatures characterizing driver mutations in lung squamous carcinoma are predictive of the progression of pre-cancer lesions.

Unlabelled: Patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) are often diagnosed at advanced stages, limiting opportunities for early intervention. LUSC develops through a multistep progression from low-grade lesions to high-grade lesions, including carcinoma in situ (CIS), of which approximately half progress to invasive cancer while the other half regress. Although frequent mutations and copy number alterations have been documented in LUSC and observed in precursor lesions, their prognostic significance in precancerous stages remains largely unexplored.

Innovative machine learning approach for liver fibrosis and disease severity evaluation in MAFLD patients using MRI fat content analysis.

This study employed machine learning models to quantitatively analyze liver fat content from MRI images for the evaluation of liver fibrosis and disease severity in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). A total of 26 confirmed MAFLD cases, along with MRI image sequences obtained from public repositories, were included to perform a comprehensive assessment. Radiomics features-such as contrast, correlation, homogeneity, energy, and entropy-were extracted and used to construct a random forest classification model with optimized hyperparameters.

Inhibition Effects of Patchouli Alcohol, Carvacrol, p-Cymene, Eucalyptol and Their Formulations Against Influenza Virus Pneumonia Through TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway.

As a kind of drug mostly used historically to treat epidemics, aromatic botanicals have volatile oils as active components. The study aims to evaluate the anti-influenza viral pneumonia effects of volatile monomers patchouli alcohol (PA), carvacrol (CV), p-Cymene (PC), eucalyptol (EC) and their formulations from various aspects through the influenza virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) infection experiment in vivo and in vitro and carry out in-depth studies on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms. In this study, we found that all four volatile monomers mentioned above could exert antiviral effects by suppressing pulmonary viral load and lung index and improving lung lesions in mice with influenza pneumonia.