Auxin Responds to Flowing Nutrient Solution to Accelerate the Root Growth of Lettuce in Hydroponic Culture.

Traditional soil cultivation of lettuce faces challenges; hydroponic technology offers solutions to improve lettuce production. However, the interrelationships among the root phenotype of lettuce, auxin synthesis and signal transduction, and nutrient solution flow, and their effects on hydroponic lettuce growth remain unclear. We investigated the effects of nutrient solution flow state on lettuce's early growth, transcriptomic changes, and auxin-related gene expression.

Histone deacetylase MiHDA3 enhances mango fruit resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by deacetylating MiCAT1.

The anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides poses a significant threat to the global mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit industry. Although histone deacetylases (HDACs) are well recognized to be involved in plant immunity, the role of HDAC-mediated nonhistone deacetylation in the fruit immune response remains elusive.

An ingenious design from nature to accelerate the repair of long-bone critical defects: the longitudinal tubular transverse interconnection structure of deer antlers.

Deer antlers, the only mammalian bony organs capable of complete regeneration, exhibit a growth rate of 2.7 cm/day, far surpassing human long bones (1 mm/day). Long-bone critical defects (LBCDs) occur when defects exceed intrinsic healing capacity.

Soilless Cultivation: Precise Nutrient Provision and Growth Environment Regulation Under Different Substrates.

Soilless cultivation technology is a key means of overcoming traditional agricultural resource limits, providing an important path to efficient and sustainable modern agriculture by precisely regulating crop rhizospheric environments. This paper systematically reviews the technical system of soilless cultivation, nutrient solution management strategies, the interaction mechanism of rhizosphere microorganisms, and future development directions, aiming to reveal its technical advantages and innovation potential. This review shows that solid and non-solid substrate cultivation improves resource utilization efficiency and yield, but substrate sustainability and technical cost need urgent attention.

[Impact Analysis of Different Buffer Scale Landscape Patterns on Water Quality of the Fourth Drainage Ditch in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area].

Landscape patterns at specific spatial scales can respond to the sources of non-point source pollutants in water bodies and the surface landscape's ability to absorb them. To investigate the influence of landscape patterns on the water quality of the drainage ditch at different circular buffer scales， the fourth drainage ditch of the Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area （YDIA） was taken as the research object， and based on the land-use data in 2022 and the dynamic water quality monitoring data of 26 sampling points from 2021 to 2022， five circular buffer scales， including 100， 200， 500， 1 000， and 2 000 m， were set up， and three methods. Landscape pattern analysis， Spearman rank correlation analysis， and redundancy analysis were used to filter the water quality of the drainage ditch.

Single-cell chromatin accessibility profiling reveals regulatory mechanisms and evolution in pig brains.

Background: Pig brains serve as a valuable biomedical model for studying brain-related diseases due to their significant structural similarities to the human brain. Furthermore, the long-term domestication and artificial selection of domestic pigs have profoundly shaped their brains, making them an interesting subject for research. However, a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing pig brain function and their impact on various phenotypes remains elusive due to the high degree of cellular heterogeneity present in the brain.

A comprehensive study of antithrombin deficiency in a large cohort of Chinese thrombophilia pedigrees: uncovering 4 SERPINC1 pathogenic variants merely impaired progressive activities.

Background: Congenital antithrombin (AT) deficiency, primarily caused by variants in SERPINC1, is associated with a high risk of venous thromboembolism. Existing diagnostic procedures, mainly based on functional assays, may miss certain pathogenic variants.

Objectives: To comprehensively evaluate AT deficiency prevalence in the Chinese thrombophilia population and identify SERPINC1 variants overlooked by traditional diagnostic procedures.

A unique mechanism of snRNP core assembly.

The assembly of most spliceosomal snRNP cores involves seven Sm proteins (D1/D2/F/E/G/D3/B) forming a ring around snRNA, typically requiring essential assembly chaperones like the SMN complex, associated with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Strikingly, in budding yeast, snRNP core assembly only involves Brr1, a nonessential homolog of Gemin2. Here, we reveal two distinct pathways in budding yeast: an inefficient chaperone-mediated pathway involving Brr1 and a novel factor, Lot5, and a direct pathway.

Application of Kirchhoff's Laws to pharmacologic and pharmacokinetic analyses.

Recently, we introduced a straightforward approach to derive clearance and rate constant equations, without relying on differential equations, utilizing Kirchhoff's Laws, a well known physics methodology used to describe rate-defining processes either in series or parallel. Manuscripts from our laboratory have re-examined published experimental data, demonstrating that the Kirchhoff's Laws methodology can explain data previously considered anomalous, such as the following: (1) all experimental perfused liver clearance data conforming to the equation once thought to represent the unphysiological well stirred model, (2) instances where linear pharmacokinetic systemic bioavailability determinations exceed unity, (3) renal clearance being influenced by drug input processes, (4) statistically significant differences in bioavailability measures between urinary excretion and systemic concentration measurements, and (5) how the long-accepted steady-state clearance approach used in pharmacokinetics for the past half-century leads to unrealistic conclusions about the relationship between liver-to-blood Kp and hepatic availability F. These findings demonstrate the potential for errors in pharmacokinetic evaluations that rely on differential equations.

[Prediction of Spatial Distribution of Cation Exchange in Agricultural Soils Based on Machine Learning].

Cation exchange capacity （CEC） reflects the ability of soil to sequester exchangeable cations and is an important indicator of the fertility and environmental quality of agricultural soils. The indoor titration method for determining soil cation exchange is expensive and cumbersome. To this end, 565 soil samples from the 0-20 cm plough layer were collected from farmland in Ningxia, and the parameters of soil pH, organic carbon, and mechanical composition were determined.

Competitive evaluation and multi-stage planning of park integrated energy systems.

Optimal planning for the park integrated energy system (PIES) is essential for energy efficiency improvement and carbon neutrality. A reasonable evaluation method is the key to guide PIES planning. However, indicators for the PIES planning schemes are various with high penetration of renewable energy, large carbon emissions and multiple energy forms coupling, which brings challenges to find out the benchmark planning scheme for PIES development.

Identification of blacklist regions in cattle and pig genomes.

Cattle and pigs are important farm animals and biomedical models for studying human development and diseases. Accurate annotation of their cis-regulatory elements is essential for advancing breeding strategies and biological research. Identifying these elements typically relies on ChIP-seq data, which profiles histone modifications and transcription factors.

Diagnostic accuracy of available methylation assays in advanced cervical intraepithelial neoplasia from high-risk HPV-positive women: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Over the past decade, methylation has developed rapidly for the detection of multiple diseases, and several methylation assays have been studied and even applied in clinical practice. This study undertook diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) and network meta-analysis (NMA) to investigate the value of extensively validated methylation assays for use in clinical practice or research for triage of advanced cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) among high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive women. PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and Scopus were searched for eligible studies.

When a sore throat turns into deadly multiple serous cavity effusions: the role of in rapidly progressing infection-a case report.

Severe infections that develop rapidly from ordinary symptoms not only increase patient misunderstandings but also lead to excessive detection of these symptoms by physicians. This case study describes a 19-year-old male individual who initially presented with a sore throat and subsequently developed multiple serous cavity effusions that lead to septic pulmonary embolism and septic shock. After multiple cultures of the patient's sputum yielded no identifiable pathogenic bacteria, the metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) revealed as the predominant pathogen present in both the patient's peripheral blood and the pericardial drainage fluid.

Controlled-Release Fertilizer Improving Paddy Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency by Reducing Soil Residual Nitrogen and Leaching Losses in the Yellow River Irrigation Area.

The unreasonable application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer leads to high nutrient losses and severe potential of agricultural non-point source contamination, which threatens water quality in the upper Yellow River Basin. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the effects of N application rates and various control measures on rice yield and N leaching in paddy fields in the Yellow River irrigation area. Four treatments were employed in this study, CK (no N fertilizer application, 0 kg N∙ha), CRU (controlled-release urea application, 180 kg N∙ha), OPT (optimal N fertilizer application, 210 kg N∙ha), and FP (N fertilizer application based on farmer experience, 240 kg N∙ha), to examine paddy yield, N use efficiency (NUE), N concentrations in leaching water at various soil depths, and N contents along the 0-100 cm depth of the soil profile.

Uncovering Molecular Mechanisms of Feed Efficiency in Pigs Through Multi-Omics Analysis of the Jejunum.

Feed efficiency (FE) is a crucial trait in pig production that influences both economic viability and environmental sustainability. The jejunum, an essential organ for nutrient absorption, plays a significant role in determining FE by affecting how pigs process and utilize feed. To explore the genetic and regulatory mechanisms behind FE, we conducted an integrative multi-omics study using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and ATAC sequencing (ATAC-seq) on pigs with high and low FE.

Single-layer MoS/graphene-based stable on-chip Zn-ion microbattery for monolithically integrated electronics.

Self-powered microelectronics are essential for the sustained and autonomous operations of wireless electronics and microrobots. However, they are challenged by integratable microenergy supplies. Herein, we report a single-layer (SL) MoS/graphene heterostructure for stable Zn-ion microbatteries.

Metabolite Profiling of Hydroponic Lettuce Roots Affected by Nutrient Solution Flow: Insights from Comprehensive Analysis Using Widely Targeted Metabolomics and MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging Approaches.

Root morphology, an important determinant of nutrient absorption and plant growth, can adapt to various growth environments to promote survival. Solution flow under hydroponic conditions provides a mechanical stimulus, triggering adaptive biological responses, including altered root morphology and enhanced root growth and surface area to facilitate nutrient absorption. To clarify these mechanisms, we applied untargeted metabolomics technology, detecting 1737 substances in lettuce root samples under different flow rates, including 17 common differential metabolites.

Enhancing maize phosphorus uptake with optimal blends of high and low-concentration phosphorus fertilizers.

High-concentration phosphorus (P) fertilizers are crucial for crop growth. However, fertilizers with lower P concentrations, such as calcium magnesium phosphate (CMP) and single super phosphate (SSP), can also serve as efficient P sources, especially when blended with high-concentration P fertilizers like diammonium phosphate (DAP) or monoammonium phosphate (MAP). In this study, we conducted a 48-day pot experiment to explore how blending low-P fertilizers could optimize maize P utilization, using CMP to replace DAP in acidic soil, and SSP to replace MAP in alkaline soil, with five SSP+MAP and CMP+DAP mixtures tested.

Integrating Multi-Omics Data to Identify Key Functional Variants Affecting Feed Efficiency in Large White Boars.

Optimizing feed efficiency through the feed conversion ratio (FCR) is paramount for economic viability and sustainability. In this study, we integrated RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, and genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to investigate key functional variants associated with feed efficiency in pigs. Identification of differentially expressed genes in the duodenal and muscle tissues of low- and high-FCR pigs revealed that pathways related to digestion of dietary carbohydrate are responsible for differences in feed efficiency between individuals.

Effect of Nutrient Solution Flow on Lettuce Root Morphology in Hydroponics: A Multi-Omics Analysis of Hormone Synthesis and Signal Transduction.

This study examined how the nutrient flow environment affects lettuce root morphology in hydroponics using multi-omics analysis. The results indicate that increasing the nutrient flow rate initially increased indicators such as fresh root weight, root length, surface area, volume, and average diameter before declining, which mirrors the trend observed for shoot fresh weight. Furthermore, a high-flow environment significantly increased root tissue density.

Novel functions of o-cymen-5-ol nanoemulsion in reversing colistin resistance in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a major emerging threat to human health, and leads to very high mortality rate. The effectiveness of colistin, the last resort against MDR Gram-negative bacteria, is significantly compromised due to the widespread presence of plasmid- or chromosome-mediated resistance genes.