An investigation of the pattern and mechanism of comorbidity in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate comorbidity patterns and potential pathogenic mechanisms in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT).

Methods: Patients with HT who visited the outpatient clinic of the Thyroid Department at Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, between June 2021 and December 2024 were included. Association rule analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS 25.

Machine learning models for predicting the risk of depressive symptoms in Chinese college students.

Introduction: Depression is highly prevalent among college students, and accurately identifying risk factors is essential for timely intervention. Given the limitations of traditional linear models in managing high-dimensional data, this study employed machine learning techniques to predict depressive symptoms.

Method: Data were collected from 1,635 Chinese college students and included 38 sociodemographic, psychological, and social variables.

Alternating Interlayered Piezoelectric Self-Heterojunction Boosts Sono-Piezocatalytic Pyroptosis Oncotherapy.

Recombination of sono-generated charge carriers is a major barrier hindering the effectiveness of piezocatalytic oncotherapy. Herein, ultrathin oxygen vacancy-engineered self-heterojunction bismuth oxysilicate (O-BOS) nanosheets with alternating hetero-layered nanostructure are constructed for enhanced sono-piezocatalytic tumor therapy. Benefiting from its out-of-plane asymmetry, O-BOS features an exceptional electromechanical strain coefficient (d = 203 pm/V), highlighting its outstanding capability as a piezoelectric heterojunction for energy conversion.

Insights into Support Systems for Orphan Drug Development: A Comparative Study.

Due to great unmet medical needs, orphan drug development is a common issue of high priority for policymakers, industry leaders, researchers and patients worldwide. The establishment of a harmonized support system is the way forward to address the dilemma facing rare diseases (RDs). This study pioneers the proposal of a framework and dimensions of support systems affecting orphan drug development, covering legal (political and legal basis), technical (regulatory guidance and acceleration), motivational (economic incentives and innovation returns) and logistical (fundamental infrastructure) factors.

A dynamic and stochastic perspective on time headway in traffic oscillations and its implications for traffic safety.

Traffic oscillations refer to the alternating patterns of vehicle deceleration and acceleration in congested conditions, which usually create significant safety concerns on freeways. Thus, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms of traffic oscillations and their underlying safety implications. This paper presents a novel approach to exploring the combined effects of dynamic time headway (DTH) and stochasticity on traffic oscillations during car-following.

Robust prediction of glioma prognosis by hypoxia-induced ferroptosis genes: VEGFA-XBP1 co-expression for salvage therapy.

Hypoxia as a hallmark of solid malignancies compromises therapeutic efficacy and prognosis. This study deciphers the functional role of hypoxia-induced ferroptosis in glioma prognosis. Hypoxia-related transcripts and ferroptosis markers were curated from public databases.

Safety and efficiency-oriented adaptive strategy controls for connected and automated vehicles in unstable communication environment.

Connected and automated vehicle (CAV) has demonstrated significant potential in enhancing traffic safety, efficiency, and environmental sustainability in the premise of high-quality communication environment. However, attributed to unexpected disturbances in real life, vehicular communication often suffers from unstable information transmission that lowers the performance of CAV platooning. Despite this drawback, existing research lacks sufficient attention on CAV platooning in the presence of unstable communication environment (UCE) and rarely addresses the response strategies.

Drug Pair of Astragali Radix-Ligustri Lucidi Fructus Alleviates Acute Kidney Injury in Mice Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion Through Inhibiting Ferroptosis.

Acute kidney injury (AKI), characterized by high morbidity and mortality, is primarily caused by renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI). Ferroptosis plays a key role in RIRI, yet its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The drug pair of Astragali Radix-Ligustri Lucidi Fructus (DAL) shows promise in renal diseases, but its protective effects against RIRI and associated molecular pathways via ferroptosis inhibition are unknown.

Phase-transition engineered semi-metallic CuPdN for photothermal-enhanced cuproptosis-induced cancer therapy.

In-situ activation of cuproptosis shows considerable promise in cancer therapy. However, its efficacy is often hindered by the accumulation of copper ions and limitations of the activation strategy. Herein, a novel copper-palladium nitride (CuPdN)-modified injectable hydrogel with enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency was designed to improve copper accumulation at tumor sites and achieve photothermia-enhanced cuproptosis.

MiR-4472 serves as a potential biomarker for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and promotes neuronal death as well as hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats by targeting MEF2D.

Background: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a predominant cause in neonatal mortality and long-term neurological impairment. Accumulating evidence underscores the pivotal involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in HIE. Our prior miRNA microarray analysis revealed elevated miR-4472 levels in plasma from HIE newborns.

Learning from the LEAP trial series: Optimizing clinical trial design for combination therapies.

The LEAP trial series examining the synergy of pembrolizumab and lenvatinib across various cancers has yielded mixed results, highlighting the need for a more detailed understanding of combination therapies. By learning from these trials, we aim to advance the clinical development of more effective combination strategies to improve patient outcomes.

Photocatalytic Pyridyl-carbamoylation of Alkenes for Accessing β-Pyridyl Amides.

The β-pyridyl amide is a critical scaffold in medical discovery yet lacks efficient synthetic methods. Here, we describe, for the first time, a visible-light-induced, redox-neutral radical cross-coupling reaction involving alkenes, oxamic acids, and cyanopyridines that offers a versatile assembly of β-pyridylamides. This approach features mild reaction conditions, high step efficiency, and substrate breadth, providing a green and efficient strategy for alkene pyridyl-carbamoylation.

Associations Between Sleep Duration and Activity of Daily Living Disability Among Older Adults in China: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: China has the largest elderly population globally; the growth rate of the aged tendency of the population was higher than that of Western countries. Given the distinctions in historical, ethnic, and economic status as well as socio-cultural background, Chinese adults had different sleep patterns compared with adults in other countries. Considering the heavy disease burden caused by activities of daily living (ADL) disability, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to test the hypothesis that individuals with short and longer sleep duration are more likely to have ADL disability.

A critical overview of systematic reviews of radiofrequency ablation for knee osteoarthritis.

Purpose: This overview aims to assess the methodological and evidence quality of systematic reviews related to radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was conducted through two independent researchers in eight electronic databases from the inception to September 1, 2024. The methodological quality of the included systematic reviews was assessed by the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 tool.

Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles from the Aqueous Extract of Thunb and Evaluation of Its Catalytic Property and Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity.

In this study, copper nanoparticles with an average particle size of 2-4 nm were synthesized using the green extract of Thunb. The catalytic activity and dye degradation efficiency of Cu NPs were evaluated using ultraviolet spectroscopy. To confirm that Cu NPs can continuously remove organic dyes, this study used Cu/Lj-C composite material adsorbed on cotton balls as a simulated bed to study the cyclic catalytic activity of Cu NPs for the reduction of methylene blue by sodium borohydride (NaBH).

Association between age at first birth and risk of rheumatoid arthritis in women: Evidence from NHANES 2011-2020.

Objective: This study focused on investigating the relation of age at first birth (AFB) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk in women based on the 2011-2020 NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) data.

Methods: Women were analyzed using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2011 to 2020 in the US. Both AFB and RA diagnoses were obtained through self-reported questionnaires.

Transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses reveal pollen abortion mechanism in alfalfa early stage male sterile lines.

Alfalfa ( L.), a prominent perennial forage in the legume family, is widely cultivated across Europe and America. Given its substantial economic value for livestock, breeding efforts have focused on developing high-yield and high-quality varieties since the discovery of CMS lines.

A critical overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of intra-articular injection of platelet rich plasma versus hyaluronic acid for knee osteoarthritis.

This study is to summarize and evaluate the available evidence for the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Eight databases were searched from inception to September 15, 2024. All systematic reviews (SRs)/meta-analyses (MAs) treated with PRP versus HA for KOA were collected.

Bridging the gap: unlocking the potential of emerging drug therapies for brain metastasis.

Brain metastasis remains an unmet clinical need in advanced cancers with an increasing incidence and poor prognosis. The limited response to various treatments is mainly derived from the presence of the substantive barrier, blood-brain barrier (BBB) and brain-tumour barrier (BTB), which hinders the access of potentially effective therapeutics to the metastatic tumour of the brain. Recently, the understanding of the structural and molecular features of the BBB/BTB has led to the development of efficient strategies to enhance BBB/BTB permeability and deliver drugs across the BBB/BTB to elicit the anti-tumour response against brain metastasis.