Fatal pneumonia in a patient with Kearns-Sayre syndrome case report and literature review.

Kearns-Sayre syndrome is a mitochondrial DNA deletion disorder, classically characterized by a triad of onset before the age of 20, pigmentary retinopathy, and chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO). The condition is frequently associated with third-degree atrioventricular block, endocrine dysfunction, and short stature. Here, we report a case of KSS presenting with a progressive clinical course that began at birth with ptosis and later developed type 1 diabetes, hypopituitarism, and third-degree atrioventricular block.

Impact of actuation force on the quality assessment of pressurized metered-dose inhalers.

Objective: To investigate the influence of varied actuation forces on the quality assessment of pressurized metered-dose inhalers(pMDIs).

Methods: Both manual and automatic methods were employed to assess the effects of manual actuation and automatic actuation (with different set actuation forces) on the delivered dose uniformity (DDU), emitted dose per actuation (EDPA), and aerodynamic particle size distribution (APSD) results of pMDIs.

Results: When manual actuation was performed, the discrepancies in the DDU were observed, whereas differences in the EDPA and APSD results were not evident.

Comparative effects of oral nutritional supplementation vs. nutritional education on appetite and weight in older adults with anorexia of aging: a 12-week non-randomized controlled trial.

Background: With global aging, diet education and oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are recognized for improving nutrition and appetite in older adults, yet evidence on anorexia of aging (AA) mechanisms and interventions remains limited in China. This study aimed to evaluate diet education and ONS efficacy for AA in Chinese community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: In an open-label, non-randomized controlled trial, 64 eligible participants were allocated to an ONS group (supplementation) or a diet education group.

Adipose tissue deficiency impairs transient lipid accumulation and delays liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy in male Seipin knockout mice.

Background: Liver diseases pose significant health challenges, underscoring the importance of understanding liver regeneration mechanisms. Systemic adipose tissue is thought to be a primary source of lipids and energy during this process; however, empirical data on the effects of adipose tissue deficiency are limited. This study investigates the role of adipose tissue in liver regeneration, focusing on transient regeneration-associated steatosis (TRAS) and hepatocyte proliferation using a Seipin knockout mouse model that mimics severe human lipodystrophy.

Ferroptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy: from its mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is defined as structural and functional cardiac abnormalities in diabetes, and cardiomyocyte death is the terminal event of DCM. Ferroptosis is iron-dependent oxidative cell death. Evidence has indicated that iron overload and ferroptosis play important roles in the pathogenesis of DCM.

Pathological Characteristics of Ferroptosis in Kidney Tissues in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Background: Diabetes kidney disease (DKD) is a common complication of diabetes and is currently considered the primary cause of end-stage renal disease. Ferroptosis has been found to participate in the development of DKD. However, no ferroptosis-related markers have been evaluated in human DKD samples.

Reliability and validity of Chinese version of the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) in community-dwelling old people.

Objective: To investigate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of simplified nutritional appetite questionnaire (SNAQ).

Methods: The SNAQ was translated and back-translated for the study population. We surveyed 122 community-dwelling residents aged ≥60 years in Beijing's residential communities.

Characterization of piRNAs in Diploid and Triploid Pacific Oyster Gonads: Exploring Their Potential Roles in Triploid Sterility.

PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are crucial for silencing transposable elements, germ cell development, and gametogenesis. Triploid Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) are vital in the oyster aquaculture industry due to reduced fertility and rapid growth. This study integrates piRNA and mRNA expression analyses to elucidate their potential contributions to the sterility of triploid C.

Correlation Between Dynamic Spray Plume and Drug Deposition of Solution-Based Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhalers.

The lack of visual dynamic spray characterization has made the understanding of the physical processes governing atomization and drug particle formation difficult. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the spray plume morphology and aerodynamic particle size of solution-based pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) under different conditions to achieve better drug deposition. Solution-based pMDIs were studied, and the effects of various factors, such as propellant concentration, orifice diameters, and atomization chamber volume, on drug deposition were examined by analyzing the characteristics of spray plume and aerodynamic particle size.

gCTRP3 inhibits oophorectomy‑induced osteoporosis by activating the AMPK/SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway in mice.

C1q/tumor necrosis factor‑related protein 3 (CTRP3) expression is markedly reduced in the serum of patients with osteoporosis. The present study aimed to investigate whether CTRP3 reduces bone loss in oophorectomy (OVX)‑induced mice via the AMP‑activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/nuclear factor E2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. Female C57BL/6J mice and MC3T3‑E1 cells were used to construct and models of osteoporosis, respectively.

Fine Mapping of Candidate Gene Controlling Anthocyanin Biosynthesis for Purple Peel in L.

Fruit color is an intuitive quality of horticultural crops that can be used as an evaluation criterion for fruit ripening and is an important factor affecting consumers' purchase choices. In this study, a genetic population from the cross of green peel 'Qidong' and purple peel '8 guo' revealed that the purple to green color of eggplant peel is dominant and controlled by a pair of alleles. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA), SNP haplotyping, and fine genetic mapping delimited candidate genes to a 350 kb region of eggplant chromosome 10 flanked by markers KA2381 and CA8828.

Pituitary-related immune adverse events induced by programmed death Protein-1 inhibitors differ clinically from hypophysitis.

Objective: We aimed to elucidate the clinical features of pituitary immune-related adverse events (irAEs) induced by PD-1 inhibitors in a Chinese cohort and the previous literatures.

Patients And Design And Measurements: We retrospectively analysed the clinical manifestations, laboratory examination findings, imaging features and treatments of 14 patients with pituitary irAEs caused by PD-1 inhibitors in our cohort. In addition, we searched PubMed for all English articles on pituitary irAEs induced by PD-1 inhibitors published from 1950 to 2023.

Palmitoylation of KSHV pORF55 is required for Golgi localization and efficient progeny virion production.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a double-stranded DNA virus etiologically associated with multiple malignancies. Both latency and sporadic lytic reactivation contribute to KSHV-associated malignancies, however, the specific roles of many KSHV lytic gene products in KSHV replication remain elusive. In this study, we report that ablation of ORF55, a late gene encoding a tegument protein, does not impact KSHV lytic reactivation but significantly reduces the production of progeny virions.

Prevalence and incidence of mobility limitation in Chinese older adults: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study.

Background: Mobility limitation, a manifestation of impaired intrinsic capacity, is the first obvious sign of functional decline. However, few studies have been conducted on the prevalence and incidence of mobility limitation. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and incidence of mobility limitation in Chinese older adults (over 60 years old) and evaluate its impact on mortality.

Non-canonical regulation of the reactivation of an oncogenic herpesvirus by the OTUD4-USP7 deubiquitinases.

Deubiquitinases (DUBs) remove ubiquitin from substrates and play crucial roles in diverse biological processes. However, our understanding of deubiquitination in viral replication remains limited. Employing an oncogenic human herpesvirus Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) to probe the role of protein deubiquitination, we found that Ovarian tumor family deubiquitinase 4 (OTUD4) promotes KSHV reactivation.

Association of plasma galectin-3 and fetuin-A levels with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Introduction: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and fetuin-A (Fet-A) are cytokines that participate in inflammation and insulin resistance. Previous studies have found that altered Gal-3 and Fet-A levels in circulation correlate with diabetic complications. However, whether they are all associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been little investigated.

The prevalence and treatment rate trends of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

Background: To evaluate the prevalence and treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis in recent years, analyze differences between the prevalence diagnosed by physicians and the prevalence detected by bone mineral density (BMD), and observe the trends of prevalence and treatment rate of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women over time are of great value for the management of osteoporosis.

Methods: This cross-sectional study collected the data of 4012 postmenopausal women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2010, 2013 to 2014 and 2017 to 2018. The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia as well as the treatment rate of osteoporosis were analyzed using Mann-Kendall trend test.

Rethinking terrestrial dissolved organic matter in dam reservoirs before mixing: Linking photodegradation and biodegradation and the phenanthrene binding behavior.

With the increased construction of dam reservoirs and the demand for water security, terrestrial dissolved organic matter (DOM) has received attention because of its role in regulating water quality, ecological functions, and the fate and transport of pollutants in dam reservoirs. This study investigated the transformations of soil DOM and vegetation DOM of dam reservoirs following photodegradation and biodegradation before conservative mixing, as well as the resultant effects on phenanthrene binding. Based on the results, terrestrial DOM could undergo transformation via photodegradation and biodegradation before conservative mixing in dam reservoirs.

Identification of propranolol and derivatives that are chemical inhibitors of phosphatidate phosphatase as potential broad-spectrum fungicides.

Plant diseases cause enormous economic losses in agriculture and threaten global food security, and application of agrochemicals is an important method of crop disease control. Exploration of disease-resistance mechanisms and synthesis of highly bioactive agrochemicals are thus important research objectives. Here, we show that propranolol, a phosphatidate phosphatase (Pah) inhibitor, effectively suppresses fungal growth, sporulation, sexual reproduction, and infection of diverse plants.

Updates on RPE cell damage in diabetic retinopathy (Review).

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) forms the outer layer of the blood‑retinal barrier and serves a role in maintaining retinal function. RPE cell injury has been revealed in diabetic animal models, and high glucose (HG) levels may cause damage to RPE cells by increasing the levels of oxidative stress, promoting pro‑inflammatory gene expression, disrupting cell proliferation, inducing the endothelial‑mesenchymal transition, weakening tight conjunctions and elevating cell death mechanisms, such as apoptosis, ferroptosis and pyroptosis.