Lithocholic acid ameliorates ulcerative colitis via the PXR/TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway and gut microbiota modulation.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the colon, closely linked to dysbiosis of gut microbiota and imbalances in bile acids. Lithocholic acid (LCA), a secondary bile acid, plays a crucial role in maintaining gut health; however, its specific therapeutic potential in UC remains to be fully elucidated. This study investigates the efficacy of LCA in alleviating UC and explores the underlying mechanisms, particularly focusing on the PXR/TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway and gut microbiota modulation.

[Mechanism of acupuncture on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via p53/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway in rat models].

Objective: To explore the neuroprotective effect and underlying mechanism of acupuncture (acupuncture for regaining consciousness and opening orifices) in the rat models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) based on the p53 protein (p53)/solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signaling pathway.

Methods: Of 102 male Wistar rats, 20 rats were randomly collected as a sham-operation group. Using a modified external carotid artery filament insertion method, CIRI models were prepared by occluding the middle cerebral artery in the rest rats.

A nanoengineered lithium-hosting carbon/zinc oxide composite electrode material for efficient non-aqueous lithium metal batteries.

Achieving Coulombic efficiency values greater than 99.9% for Li metal cells is considered one of the most important requirements for the technology development of long cycle life in energy-dense Li metal batteries. However, owing to the volume changes in Li metal electrodes and Li reservoir loss during battery operation, this requirement has not yet been realized in Li metal cells.

Advanced Brain-on-a-Chip for Wetware Computing: A Review.

In pursuit of low-power consumption and surpassing computational limitations of silicon-based chips, people are beginning to seek more efficient computing devices, such as Wetware Computing. The cutting-edge approach uses living biological tissues, specifically neuronal networks, to perform computational tasks. This computing method, which is a mixture of hardware, software, and biology, is an emerging computing method that has received a lot of attention in recent years.

Steric-Electronic Synergy in Isopropyl-Tailored Electrolytes: Enabling Stable Interphases and Long-Cycling Lithium Metal Batteries via Terminal Isomerization.

The development of electrolytes that synergistically integrate moderate weak solvation, high oxidation stability, and low molecular weight remains a formidable challenge for lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs), as conventional chain-extension strategies often exacerbate ionic conductivity loss or fail to suppress α-hydrogen (α-H) oxidation. Herein, a terminal isomerization strategy is proposed to engineer 1,2-diisopropoxyethane (DIPE), an ether electrolyte featuring isopropyl termini that synergistically regulate steric-electronic effects. The branched isopropoxy groups 1) induce tailored steric hindrance to weaken Li⁺-solvent interaction (38.

Stack Pressure-Independent Side-Reaction-Dominant Nanoscale Inactive Mg Loss in Rechargeable Mg Metal Batteries.

Inactive magnesium, including electrochemically formed nanoscale Mg ions in the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI Mg) and electrically isolated unreacted nano metallic Mg (Mg), contributes to poor capacity and cycle life in magnesium metal batteries. Nevertheless, the precise quantification of nanoscale SEI Mg versus inactive Mg, as well as their formation mechanisms and relationship with the anode cycling reversibility, remains elucidated, thereby hindering progress in anode optimization design. Here, a magnesium-targeted acid-assisted continuous titration-collection-gas chromatography (AAC-TCGC) technique is developed to precisely quantify the percentage of nanolevel inactive SEI Mg and Mg in Mg anode, revealing that the predominant contributor to Mg loss is the nanolevel inactive SEI Mg, which is different from the well-known inactive metal-dominant loss mechanism in Li/Zn battery.

Integrated dopamine sensing and 40 Hz hippocampal stimulation improves cognitive performance in Alzheimer's mouse models.

Hippocampal degeneration and reduced dopamine levels in Alzheimer's disease are associated with severe memory and cognitive impairments. However, the lack of multifunctional in situ neural chips has posed challenges for integrated investigations of Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology, dopamine dynamics, and neural activity. Therefore, we developed NeuroRevive-FlexChip, a flexible neural interface capable of precise electrical modulation and simultaneous in situ monitoring of dopamine levels and neural activity.

Complications among patients undergoing orthopedic surgery after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain and a preliminary nomogram for predicting patient outcomes.

Purpose: The rate of complications among patients undergoing surgery has increased due to infection with SARS-CoV-2 and other variants of concern. However, Omicron has shown decreased pathogenicity, raising questions about the risk of postoperative complications among patients who are infected with this variant. This study aimed to investigate complications and related factors among patients with recent Omicron infection prior to undergoing orthopedic surgery.

Electroacupuncture Inhibits Ferroptosis by Modulating Iron Metabolism and Oxidative Stress to Alleviate Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the leading causes of mortality and long-term disability worldwide. Electroacupuncture (EA) is commonly used in the treatment of IS, meaning that may reduce cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). The middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat models were created by the modified Zea Longa suture method.

Electroacupuncture Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Ferroptosis via the p53/SLC7A11 Pathway.

Acupuncture has demonstrated efficacy in treating post-stroke complications. Electroacupuncture (EA) ameliorates neurological outcomes in cerebral ischemia models, yet its mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated EA's role in reducing cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) in a rat model, focusing on ferroptosis.

Palladium-Catalyzed Site-Selective Regiodivergent Carbocyclization of Di- and Trienallenes: A Switch between Substituted Cyclohexene and Cyclobutene.

Nature efficiently produces a myriad of structurally diverse carbon ring frameworks from common linear precursors via cyclization reactions at specific olefinic sites in dienes or polyenes. In contrast, achieving the site-selective functionalization of diene or polyene substrates remains a formidable challenge in chemical synthesis. Herein, we report a pair of highly site-selective, regiodivergent carbocyclization reactions of dienallenes and trienallenes, enabling the efficient synthesis of -1,4-disubstituted cyclohexenes and -1,2-disubstituted cyclobutenes from a common precursor with high diastereoselectivity.

Integrated Multi-omics Data Analysis and Validation Reveal the Crucial Role of Glycogen Metabolism in Gastric Cancer.

This study aimed to investigate glycogen metabolism in gastric cancer (GC) and develop a glycogen-based riskScore model for predicting GC prognosis. Patients' expression profiles for 33 tumor types were retrieved from TCGA. Four GC bulk and one single-cell sequencing datasets were obtained from GEO database.

Development and validation of a dynamic nomogram to predict alexithymia in young and middle aged stroke patients.

Alexithymia, characterized by difficulty in expressing and recognizing emotions, is prevalent among young and middle-aged stroke survivors and can significantly impact rehabilitation outcomes. This study aims to develop and validate a dynamic nomogram to predict the risk of alexithymia in this population. This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2022 to August 2023 at two tertiary hospitals in Jinzhou City and Cangzhou City, enrolling 319 patients.

Chronic implantable flexible serpentine probe reveals impaired spatial coding of place cells in epilepsy.

The development of minimally invasive and reliable electrode probes for neural signal recording is crucial for advancing neuroscience and treating major brain disorders. Flexible neural probes offer superior long-term recording capabilities over traditional rigid probes. This study introduces a parylene-based serpentine electrode probe for stable, long-term neural monitoring.

Molecular characterization of EBV-associated primary pulmonary lymphoepithelial carcinoma by multiomics analysis.

Background: Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelial carcinoma (pLEC) is a subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) characterized by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. However, the molecular pathogenesis of pLEC remains poorly understood.

Methods: In this study, we explored pLEC using whole-exome sequencing (WES) and RNA-whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) technologies.

Comparative Genomic Analysis of BRI3 Reveals Genes Potentially Associated with Efficient Antagonism of (Lib.) de Bary.

Background/objectives: has recently received increased attention as a potential biological agent because of its broad-spectrum antagonistic capacity against harmful bacteria and fungi. This study aims to thoroughly analyze the genomic characteristics of BRI3, thereby providing theoretical groundwork for the agronomic utilization of this strain.

Methods: In this work, we evaluated the beneficial traits of the newly isolated strain BRI3 via in vitro experiments, whole-genome sequencing, functional annotation, and comparative genomic analysis.

Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in patients with unresectable or metastatic mucosal melanoma: 3-year survival update and multi-omics analysis.

Background: Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab has shown promising efficacy in advanced mucosal melanoma in the multi-centre phase II study. This report updates 3-year survival outcomes and multi-omics analysis to identify potential response biomarkers.

Methods: Forty-three intention-to-treat (ITT) patients received intravenous administration of atezolizumab and bevacizumab every 3 weeks.

Harnessing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles and biomimetic peptide WKYMVm in self-healing hydrogel for enhanced bone repair in femoral defects.

Skeletal disorders pose significant challenges to health and quality of life, underscoring the critical need for innovative bone repair methods. Recent studies have spotlighted the promising role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in conjunction with biomimetic peptide (BP) WKYMVm (WK) for bone repair. This research leveraged a self-healing hydrogel as a carrier, effectively loading EVs and WK to enhance treatment efficacy.

Self-Selective (220) Directional Grown Copper Current Collector Design for Cycling-Stable Anode-Less Lithium Metal Batteries.

Anode-less lithium metal batteries (ALLMB) are promising candidates for energy storage applications owing to high-energy-density and safety characteristics. However, the unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on anode copper current collector (CuCC) leads to poor reversibility of uneven lithium deposition/stripping. Though the well-known knowledge of lithium salt-derived inorganic-rich SEI (iSEI) benefiting uniform lithium deposition, how to design a lithium salt-philic CuCC with undiscovered salt-philic facet that favors lithium salt adsorption and catalyzing salt decomposition into iSEI, remains unexplored yet.

[Effect of "Xingnao Kaiqiao" needling on expression of ferroptosis-related factors in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury].

Objectives: To observe the effect of "Xingnao Kaiqiao" needling on the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins in neurons of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI), so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of CIRI.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, acupuncture and deferoxamine (DFO) groups, with 18 rats in each group. The CIRI model was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery.

Wireless closed-loop deep brain stimulation using microelectrode array probes.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS), including optical stimulation and electrical stimulation, has been demonstrated considerable value in exploring pathological brain activity and developing treatments for neural disorders. Advances in DBS microsystems based on implantable microelectrode array (MEA) probes have opened up new opportunities for closed-loop DBS (CL-DBS) in situ. This technology can be used to detect damaged brain circuits and test the therapeutic potential for modulating the output of these circuits in a variety of diseases simultaneously.

Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Nursing Student Contributions to Clinical Settings scale and analysis of factors influencing nurses' perceptions of nursing students' contributions: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Most medical organizations accept many nursing students each year who gain clinical practice skills under the supervision of clinical nurses. However, there are no assessment tools to measure the contributions nursing students make to the clinical setting during clinical practicum. This study aimed to translate the 'Nursing Student Contributions to Clinical Settings' scale into Chinese and test its reliability and validity from the perspective of Chinese clinical nurses.