Effects of potato cultivars and processing methods on acrylamide formation in fresh-cut potato chips.

The present study aimed to determine the effects of potato cultivars, processing methods, and processing conditions on acrylamide formation in fresh-cut potato chips. Tubers of five potato cultivars (Daxiyang, Shiyan1, V7, Youjin885, Zao35) were processed into potato chips using five methods (pan-cooking, deep-frying, oven-baking, microwaving, and air-frying). Among the five cultivars, tubers of potato Youjin885 were identified as the most suitable cultivar for producing potato chips with the lowest acrylamide and its precursor contents.

Transcriptomic Analysis of Litopenaeus vannamei: Understanding Salinity Adaptation Mechanisms in Freshwater Environments.

Litopenaeus vannamei exhibits strong salinity adaptation; however, its survival and growth are significantly reduced in freshwater environments. To investigate the response mechanisms of L. vannamei to freshwater conditions, gill tissues from shrimp cultured for 30 days in both freshwater and seawater environments were used as experimental material in this study.

The Phagocytic Receptor MERTK Mediates Lycopene's Ameliorative Effects on Atrazine-Induced Microglial Efferocytosis Dysfunction.

Atrazine (ATZ), a widely used herbicide, induces neurotoxicity by disrupting microglial efferocytosis─a critical process for maintaining central nervous system homeostasis. Lycopene (LYC), a natural antioxidant, exhibits protective potential against pesticide-induced damage, yet its role in ATZ-impaired efferocytosis remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that LYC mitigates ATZ-induced hippocampal neuroinflammation and microglial dysfunction in mice.

Melatonin Regulates Clusterin to Reconstruct the Blood-Testis Barrier Disrupted by Atrazine.

Atrazine (ATZ), a commonly used triazine herbicide, is known to impair male reproductive function. Melatonin (MLT) is an endogenous hormone synthesized by the pineal gland. Its lipophilic nature enables it to freely penetrate the blood-testis barrier (BTB) and exert direct effects.

Expressing Porcine Trefoil Factor 3 and Epidermal Growth Factor: A Novel Approach for Superior Mucosal Repair.

Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) exert a promotive effect on the functions of intestinal epithelial cells and offer protection to the intestinal mucosa. can ameliorate intestinal mucosal damage. In this study, pPG-pTFF3/, pPG-pEGF/, and pPG-pTE/ were constructed to express porcine TFF3, EGF, and a fusion protein (pTE).

Cadmium disrupted homeostasis of proximal renal tubular cells via targeting ATF4-CHOP complex into the nucleus.

Cadmium, a ubiquitous toxic metal and environmental pollutant, is associated with several renal metabolic disorders and disrupts the homeostasis of kidneys in humans and animals. However, the precise molecular mechanism remains poorly elucidated. The present study investigated the role of the ATF4-CHOP nuclear transcriptional axis and its interactions with cellular pathways in cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity.

Lycopene, a natural plant extract, alleviates atrazine-induced ferroptosis in hepatocytes by activating cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase.

Atrazine (ATZ) and diaminochlorotriazine (DACT) accumulation poses liver health risks in animals and humans. Lycopene (LYC), a carotenoid found in red plants and fruits, exhibits potent antioxidant effects. This study explores the interaction between LYC and ATZ in mouse hepatocyte ferroptosis and the potential regulatory role of Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CYPOR) in this process.

Influence of static magnetic field pretreatment on the structure, physicochemical and functional properties of dietary fiber in corn sprouts.

Dietary fiber (DF) from corn sprouts, subjected to pretreatment with static magnetic field (SMF), was systematically investigated for its structural and functional characteristics using an enzymatic method. After SMF treatment, the surface of soluble DF showed higher pore density and pore structures, and insoluble DF showed more folds and a concave-convex surface profile. FT-IR and thermogravimetric analyses also showed that SMF pretreatment improved the functional group structure and thermal stability of DFs in corn sprouts.

Metasilicate-based alkaline mineral water improves the growth performance of weaned piglets by maintaining gut-liver axis homeostasis through microbiota-mediated secondary bile acid pathway.

Weaning stress causes substantial economic loss in the swine industry. Moreover, weaning-induced intestinal barrier damage and dysfunction of the gut-liver axis are associated with reduced growth performance in piglets. Metasilicate-based alkaline mineral water (AMW) has shown potential therapeutic effects on gastrointestinal disorders; however, the mechanisms involved and their overall effects on the gut-liver axis have not been explored.

Molecular Characterization of Anion Exchanger 2 in and Its Role in Nitrite Stress.

Anion exchanger 2 (AE2) mediates the Cl/HCO transmembrane exchange process and regulates intracellular pH homeostasis. In this study, the gene (GenBank: PQ073349) was cloned and characterized from using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technique. Employing bioinformatics, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and RNA interference, we explored the gene's sequence characteristics, tissue distribution, and the effects of nitrite on shrimp survival, physiology, and tissue damage following gene silencing.

Melatonin protects spermatogenic cells against DNA damage and necroptosis induced by atrazine.

Atrazine (ATZ), a widely used triazine herbicide, has been shown to disrupt reproductive development in organisms. Melatonin (MLT) is a natural hormone and has been shown to have strong antioxidant properties. Due to its lipophilicity, it can cross biological barriers freely and act on germ cells directly.

Characterization and functional analysis of Litopenaeus vannamei Na/K/2Cl cotransporter 1 under nitrite stress.

The function of Litopenaeus vannamei Na/K/2Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) under nitrite stress was investigated. The full-length cDNA sequence of the L. vannamei NKCC1 gene was cloned using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technique, and the sequence was analysed using bioinformatics tools.

Analysis of Chemical Oxygen Demand in Barrel Finishing Based on Reusing Water Resource of Grinding Fluid.

To explore the sustainable development of grinding fluid in barrel finishing, the idea of water resource reuse in grinding fluid has been proposed. The influence of the graphene oxide (GO) and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) as main components in the grinding fluid on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was analyzed. Repreparing new grinding fluids by utilizing the water resources in grinding fluid after finishing will not cause a sharp increase in COD value.

Cadmium causes spleen toxicity in chickens by regulating mitochondrial unfolded protein response and nuclear receptors response.

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that pollutes the environment and threatens human and animal health via the food chain. The spleen is one of the target organs affected by Cd toxicity. However, the mechanism of Cd toxicity is not fully understood.

Unlocking ultra-high holographic information capacity through nonorthogonal polarization multiplexing.

Contemporary studies in polarization multiplexing are hindered by the intrinsic orthogonality constraints of polarization states, which restrict the scope of multiplexing channels and their practical applications. This research transcends these barriers by introducing an innovative nonorthogonal polarization-basis multiplexing approach. Utilizing spatially varied eigen-polarization states within metaatoms, we successfully reconstruct globally nonorthogonal channels that exhibit minimal crosstalk.

Transcriptomics-based analysis of Macrobrachium rosenbergii growth retardation.

Macrobrachium rosenbergii is an economically important crustacean in many parts of the world, but in recent years, growth retardation has become an increasingly serious issue. While the underlying causes remain unclear, this has inevitably impacted on aquaculture and production outputs. In this study, gill, hepatopancreas, and muscle tissue samples from M.

Hydraulic properties and drought response of a tropical bamboo ().

Bamboo plants are an essential component of tropical ecosystems, yet their vulnerability to climate extremes, such as drought, is poorly understood due to limited knowledge of their hydraulic properties. , a commonly used tropical bamboo species, exhibited a substantially higher mortality rate than other co-occurring bamboos during a severe drought event in 2019, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the leaf and stem hydraulic traits related to drought responses, including leaf-stem embolism resistance (P; P) estimated using optical and X-ray microtomography methods, leaf pressure-volume and water-releasing curves.

Nano‑selenium alleviates cadmium-induced blood-brain barrier destruction by restoring the Wnt7A/β-catenin pathway.

Selenium (Se), a highly beneficial animal feed additive, exhibits remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Nano‑selenium (Nano-Se) is an advanced formulation of Se featuring a specialized drug delivery vehicle, with good bioavailability, higher efficacy, and lower toxicity compared to the traditional form of Se. With the advancement of industry, cadmium (Cd) contamination occurs in different countries and regions and thereby contaminating different food crops, and the degree of pollution is degree increasing year by year.

The Nrf2/ARE pathway as a potential target to ameliorate atrazine-induced endocrine disruption in granulosa cells.

Atrazine (ATR) is widely used worldwide as a commercial herbicide, Diaminochlorotriazine (DACT) is the main metabolite of ATR in the organism. Both of them disrupt the production of steroids and induce abnormal reproductive development. The granulosa cells (GCs) are important for growth and reproduction of animals.

Inhibition of mtDNA-PRRs pathway-mediated sterile inflammation by astragalus polysaccharide protects against transport stress-induced cardiac injury in chicks.

Transport stress (TS) not only weakens poultry performance but also affects animal welfare. Additionally, TS can evoke cardiac damage by triggering sterile inflammation in chicks, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we aimed to elucidate how TS induces sterile inflammation and heart injury and to clarify the antagonism effect of astragalus polysaccharides (APS).