Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with or without preoperative immunotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: a system review and meta-analysis.

For locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), adding immunotherapy after patients receive standard neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) or short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) is a new method. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of nCRT/SCRT and immunotherapy on LARC patients based on the current published studies. A comprehensive electronic search of literature up to December 1, 2024 was carried out in Pubmed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar databases and Embase.

Metal-Doped CoS Nanosheets: Breaking Scaling Limitations for Enhanced Urea Electrooxidation and Hydrogen Evolution.

The electrocatalytic urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is a promising approach to lowering the energy barrier of the anode half-reaction in water splitting for energy-efficient hydrogen production and to remove excess urea from blood or dialysis fluid. However, the sluggish kinetics and large overpotential caused by scaling relationships significantly limit the development of the UOR technology. Herein, bifunctional amorphous M-CoS (M = Zr, Cu, Mn, Fe) nanosheets were synthesized via a one-step electrodeposition process.

Laser-induced PdCu alloy catalysts for highly efficient and stable electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia.

The electrochemical reduction reaction of nitrate (NORR) to ammonia is an environmentally friendly approach that can treat wastewater as well as find an alternative to the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process. The use of adhesives partially to adhere to the NORR electrocatalysts, leading to sluggish kinetics, poor stability and poor scalability. Herein, we report the synthesis of PdCu alloy catalysts via a direct laser writing method, demonstrating their exceptional performance in the electrochemical reduction of nitrate.

KCu(Fe(CN)) In Situ-Modified MXene Nanosheets for Selective Enrichment of Cs and the Mechanism.

Selective enrichment of cesium ions (Cs) at ultralow concentrations is essential for resource recovery and radioactive waste disposal, yet efficient adsorbents are lacking. Herein, we reported a Prussian blue analogue (KCu(Fe(CN)), Cu-PBA) decorated on MXene nanosheets by in situ fabrication, forming a composite material termed PMX, for enhanced adsorption of Cs in acidic solutions and seawater. The stable, negatively charged MXene effectively anchors Cu precursors and promotes Cs adsorption.

Experimental and Simulation Investigation on Fatigue Performance of H13 Steel Tools in Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloys.

As the central component in friction stir welding, the design and manufacture of welding tools for aluminum alloys have garnered substantial attention. However, the understanding of tool reliability during the welding process, especially in terms of fatigue performance, remains unclear. This paper focuses on the welding of AA2219-T4 as a case study to elucidate the predominant failure mode of the tool during the friction stir welding (FSW) of aluminum alloys.

Chemresistive Detection of NO of ppb Level in Humid Air at 350 K Using Azo-Spaced Polycroconamide.

Organic molecules are of great interest for gas sensing applications. However, achieving high-performance gas sensors with high sensitivity, fast response, low consumption, and workability in humid conditions is still challenging. Herein, we report the rational design and synthesis of an ion-in-conjugation polymer, PADC (poly-4,4'-azodianiline-croconamide), obtained by the condensation of croconic acid with 4-4'diaminoazobenzene for gas sensing under humid conditions.

Activation of astrocytes in the basal forebrain in mice facilitates isoflurane-induced loss of consciousness and prolongs recovery.

Objectives: General anesthesia results in a state of unconsciousness that is similar to sleep. In recent years, increasing evidence has reported that astrocytes play a crucial role in regulating sleep. However, whether astrocytes are involved in general anesthesia is unknown.

Self-supported spinel nanosphere as bifunctional electrocatalysts for energy-saving hydrogen production via urea-water electrolysis.

Electrochemical oxidation of urea is of great importance in the removal and energy exchange and storage of urea from wastewater as well as of potential applications in potable dialysis of end-stage renal disease. However, the lack of economical electrocatalysts hinders its widespread application. In this study, we successfully fabricated ZnCoO nanospheres with bifunctional catalysis on nickel foam (NF).

Moisture-Insensitive and Highly Selective Detection of NO by Ion-in-Conjugation Covalent Organic Frameworks.

As a common toxic gas, nitrogen dioxide (NO) seriously threatens the environment and human respiratory system even at part per billion (ppb) level. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have gained widespread attention in sensing applications because of the benefits of designability, environmental stability, and a large number of active sites. However, the competitive adsorption of water molecules and the target gas molecules at room temperature as well as the weak interaction between COFs and gas molecules hinder their practical applications.

Coordination Symmetry Breaking of Single-Atom Catalysts for Robust and Efficient Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia.

Nitrate electrocatalytic reduction (NO RR) for ammonia production is a promising strategy to close the N-cycle from nitration contamination, as well as an alternative to the Haber-Bosch process with less energy consumption and carbon dioxide release. However, current long-term stability of NO RR catalysts is usually tens of hours, far from the requirements for industrialization. Here, symmetry-broken Cusingle-atom catalysts are designed, and the catalytic activity is retained after operation for more than 2000 h, while an average ammonia production rate of 27.

Prognostic factors for hearing outcomes in patients that undergo adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy for sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to explore the potential factors in hearing outcomes and verify the role of oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium on the prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT).

Methods: Ninety-two patients who were diagnosed with SSNHL between January 2018 and December 2019 in our hearing clinic center were included in this study. All patients were treated with intravenous dexamethasone, and 72 cases were treated with additional HBOT for 10 consecutive days.

MiR-135-5p Alleviates Bone Cancer Pain by Regulating Astrocyte-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Spinal Cord through JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway.

Bone cancer pain (BCP) was associated with microRNA dysregulation. In this study, we intended to clarify the potential role of miR-135-5p in a BCP mouse model, which was established by tumor cell implantation (TCI) in the medullary cavity of the mouse femur. The BCP-related behaviors were tested, including the paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and number of spontaneous flinches (NSF).

Surfactant-Free, One-Step Synthesis of Lead-Free Perovskite Hollow Nanospheres for Trace CO Detection.

Owing to their special photoelectric properties, halide perovskites have always attracted research attention. Hollow-structured halide perovskites have many practical applications but are challenging to prepare as most template methods violate their poor chemical and thermal stability. In this study, novel halide perovskite Cs PdBr hollow nanospheres are prepared using a template-free method; specifically, large quantities of highly pure lead-free halide perovskite Cs PdBr hollow nanospheres are produced at 30 °C without a surfactant.

An Ion-In-Conjugation-Boosted Organic Semiconductor Gas Sensor Operating at High Temperature and Immune to Moisture.

Organic electrical gas sensors have been developed for many decades because of their high sensitivity and selectivity. However, their industrialization is severely hindered by their intrinsic humidity susceptibility and poor recovery. Conventional organic sensory materials can only operate at room temperature owing to their weak intermolecular interactions.

Regulatory effect of glutathione on treg/Th17 cell balance in allergic rhinitis patients through inhibiting intracellular autophagy.

Background: Glutathione is a potential therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus, but its role in allergic rhinitis (AR) has not been determined. This report probed into the actions of glutathione in AR, so as to supplement evidence for a therapeutical countermeasure for AR.

Methods: In this study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients were extracted and processed with glutathione.

Surface Functionalization of Single-Layered TiCT MXene and Its Application in Multilevel Resistive Memory.

MXenes are a new type of two-dimensional material, and they have attracted extensive attention because of their outstanding conductivity and rich surface functional groups that make surface engineering easy and possible for adapting to diverse applications. However, there are scarce studies on surface engineering of MXene. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time that octylphosphonic acid-modified TiCT MXene can be used as an active layer for memory devices and exhibits stable ternary memory behavior.

Nanostructured Metal-Organic Conjugated Coordination Polymers with Ligand Tailoring for Superior Rechargeable Energy Storage.

Conjugated coordination polymers have become an emerging category of redox-active materials. Although recent studies heavily focus on the tailoring of metal centers in the complexes to achieve stable electrochemical performance, the effect on different substitutions of the bridging bonds has rarely been studied. An innovative tailoring strategy is presented toward the enhancement of the capacity storage and the stability of metal-organic conjugated coordination polymers.

One-Step Fabrication of Bio-Compatible Coordination Complex Film on Diverse Substrates for Ternary Flexible Memory.

Recently, resistance random access memories (RRAMs) have been studied extensively, because the demand for information storage is increasing. However, it remains challenging to obtain a flexible device because the active materials involved need to be nontoxic, nonpolluting, distortion-tolerable, and biodegradable as well adhesive to diverse flexible substrates. In this paper, tannic acid (TA) and an iron ion (Fe ) coordination complex were employed as the active layer in a sandwich-like (Al/active layer/substrate) device to achieve memory performance.

Detection of NO Down to One ppb Using Ion-in-Conjugation-Inspired Polymer.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO ) emission has severe impact on human health and the ecological environment and effective monitoring of NO requires the detection limit (limit of detection) of several parts-per-billion (ppb). All organic semiconductor-based NO sensors fail to reach such a level. In this work, using an ion-in-conjugation inspired-polymer (poly(3,3'-diaminobenzidine-squarine, noted as PDBS) as the sensory material, NO can be detected as low as 1 ppb, which is the lowest among all reported organic NO sensors.

[Application of infrared camera technique in investigation of wild animals as infectious source of schistosomiasis].

Objective: To investigate the species and activities of wild animals infected with schistosome in hilly and mountain areas by using an infrared camera technique, so as to provide the evidence for the surveillance of schistosomiasis in these areas.

Methods: Six infrared cameras were selected and placed in 6 environments of the risk monitoring points of schistosomiasis in Shitai County in Anhui Province. The species and activities of the wild animals in the 6 environments were observed through the photographs and videos taken by the cameras.