Anthocyanins and musculoskeletal diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Background: Musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) are a common group of conditions involving bones, muscles, cartilage, ligaments, and nerves, which significantly impact patients' quality of life and ability to participate in society. Anthocyanins (ACNs), as phytochemicals, possess various pharmacological and biological activities, including anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive properties. In recent years, ACNs have shown remarkable potential in improving MSDs.

NLRP3 inflammasome as a therapeutic target in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: role of phytochemicals.

Doxorubicin (DOX) has received widespread attention as a broad-spectrum antitumor drug. However, it has been a recognized challenge that long-term DOX injections can lead to severe cardiotoxicity. There are numerous interventions to DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, and the most cost-effective is phytochemicals.

Metal-Doped CoS Nanosheets: Breaking Scaling Limitations for Enhanced Urea Electrooxidation and Hydrogen Evolution.

The electrocatalytic urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is a promising approach to lowering the energy barrier of the anode half-reaction in water splitting for energy-efficient hydrogen production and to remove excess urea from blood or dialysis fluid. However, the sluggish kinetics and large overpotential caused by scaling relationships significantly limit the development of the UOR technology. Herein, bifunctional amorphous M-CoS (M = Zr, Cu, Mn, Fe) nanosheets were synthesized via a one-step electrodeposition process.

Laser-induced PdCu alloy catalysts for highly efficient and stable electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia.

The electrochemical reduction reaction of nitrate (NORR) to ammonia is an environmentally friendly approach that can treat wastewater as well as find an alternative to the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process. The use of adhesives partially to adhere to the NORR electrocatalysts, leading to sluggish kinetics, poor stability and poor scalability. Herein, we report the synthesis of PdCu alloy catalysts via a direct laser writing method, demonstrating their exceptional performance in the electrochemical reduction of nitrate.

[Measurement of intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure and clinical outcomes of infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia].

Objectives: To investigate the levels of intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) in infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (sBPD) and the relationship between different levels of PEEPi and clinical outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 12 sBPD infants who underwent PEEPi measurement and were hospitalized at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from January 2022 to June 2023. The clinical manifestations and outcomes at discharge were compared between infants with very high PEEPi (≥10 cmHO) and those with lower PEEPi (<10 cmHO).

[Evidence-based standardized nutrition protocol can shorten the time to full enteral feeding in very preterm/very low birth weight infants].

Objectives: To investigate whether evidence-based standardized nutrition protocol can facilitate the establishment of full enteral nutrition and its effect on short-term clinical outcomes in very preterm/very low birth weight infants.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 312 preterm infants with a gestational age of ≤32 weeks or a birth weight of <1 500 g. The standardized nutrition protocol for preterm infants was implemented in May 2020; 160 infants who were treated from May 1, 2019 to April 30, 2020 were enrolled as the control group, and 152 infants who were treated from June 1, 2020 to May 31, 2021 were enrolled as the test group.

Extracellular Vesicles: Emerging Roles in Developing Therapeutic Approach and Delivery Tool of Chinese Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Depressive Disorder.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-delimited particles released by cells, which play an essential role in intercellular communication by delivering cellular components including DNA, RNA, lipids, metabolites, cytoplasm, and cell surface proteins into recipient cells. EVs play a vital role in the pathogenesis of depression by transporting miRNA and effector molecules such as BDNF, IL34. Considering that some herbal therapies exhibit antidepressant effects, EVs might be a practical delivery approach for herbal medicine.

A Simple Linear-Type Negative Permittivity Metamaterials Substrate Microstrip Patch Antenna.

A microstrip patch antenna (MPA) loaded with linear-type negative permittivity metamaterials (NPMMs) is designed. The simple linear-type metamaterials have negative permittivity at 1-10 GHz. Four groups of antennas at different frequency bands are simulated in order to study the effect of linear-type NPMMs on MPA.

Different exercise therapies for treating heart failure: A protocol for overview of systematic reviews and network meta-analysis.

Background: Exercise therapies has been shown to be safe and effective as a non-pharmacological management for treating heart failure, At the same time, many clinical trials, systematic review, and meta-analyses have demonstrated the advantages of exercise therapies in heart failure. However, the methodological quality of these systematic reviews and the differences in efficacy between different exercise modes are unclear. Therefore, this study intends to overview of systematic reviews and network meta-analysis of exercise therapies intervention in heart failure, and finally to rank the effects of exercise therapies in the intervention of heart failure, so as to provide certain reference for clinical decision-making.

Application of Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist in Premature Neonates Less Than 1,500 Grams With Established or Evolving Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Very low birth weight premature (VLBW) infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) often need prolonged respiratory support, which is associated with worse outcomes. The application of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist ventilation (NAVA) in infants with BPD has rarely been reported. This study investigated whether NAVA is safe and can reduce the duration respiratory support in VLBW premature infants with established or evolving BPD.

Manipulation of visible-light polarization with dendritic cell-cluster metasurfaces.

Cross-polarization conversion plays an important role in visible light manipulation. Metasurface with asymmetric structure can be used to achieve polarization conversion of linearly polarized light. Based on this, we design a quasi-periodic dendritic metasurface model composed of asymmetric dendritic cells.

[Incidence of late-onset sepsis in very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight infants and risk factors for late-onset sepsis].

Objective: To investigate the incidence of late-onset sepsis (LOS) in very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the risk factors for LOS.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of all VLBW and ELBW infants who were hospitalized in the NICU between January 2011 and December 2013. According to the presence or absence of LOS, these infants were divided into LOS group and non-LOS group.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived CCN2 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Recent studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) exhibit a tropism to tumors and form the tumor stroma. In addition, we found that MSC can secrete different types of factors. However, the involvement of MSC-derived factors in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) growth has not been clearly addressed.

PDGF-D/PDGFRβ promotes tongue squamous carcinoma cell (TSCC) progression via activating p38/AKT/ERK/EMT signal pathway.

Platelet-derived growth factor D (PDGF-D) signaling plays significant roles during the development and progression of human malignancies via interacting with the receptor of PDGF-D (PDGFR). Meanwhile, the majority of human tumor metastasis is closely associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the underlying mechanism between PDGF-D/PDGFR signaling and EMT which involved in tumor metastasis remain dismal.

Overexpression of HMGA2 promotes tongue cancer metastasis through EMT pathway.

Background: Metastasis to long distance organs is the main reason leading to morality of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC); however, the molecular mechanisms are still unknown. High mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) is highly expressed in multiple metastatic carcinomas, in which it contributes to cancer progression, metastasis and poor prognosis by upregulating Snail expression and inducing epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). This study focuses on investigating the role and mechanism of regulation of HMGA2 in the metastasis of TSCC.

Percutaneous sclerotherapy of arteriovenous malformations of the face using fibrin glue combined with OK-432 and bleomycin after embolisation.

Congenital arteriovenous malformations (AVM) in the maxillofacial region are rare, but potentially life-threatening, vascular lesions. Here we review our experience of 13 patients with AVM of the facial soft tissues who were treated using percutaneous sclerotherapy with fibrin glue combined with OK-432 and bleomycin after embolisation. The mean (range) follow-up was 27 (14-58) months.

Reverse facial artery flap to reconstruct the medium-sized defects in the middle facial region following cancer ablation.

This retrospective clinical study assessed the reliability of the reverse facial artery flap to reconstruct the medium-sized defects in the middle facial region following cancer ablation.Fifteen medium-sized defects were repaired with reversed facial artery flap following cancer surgery. The ages of the patients ranged from 2 to 69 years; 9 were male and 6 were female.

A classical but new kinetic equation for hydride transfer reactions.

A classical but new kinetic equation to estimate activation energies of various hydride transfer reactions was developed according to transition state theory using the Morse-type free energy curves of hydride donors to release a hydride anion and hydride acceptors to capture a hydride anion and by which the activation energies of 187 typical hydride self-exchange reactions and more than thirty thousand hydride cross transfer reactions in acetonitrile were safely estimated in this work. Since the development of the kinetic equation is only on the basis of the related chemical bond changes of the hydride transfer reactants, the kinetic equation should be also suitable for proton transfer reactions, hydrogen atom transfer reactions and all the other chemical reactions involved with breaking and formation of chemical bonds. One of the most important contributions of this work is to have achieved the perfect unity of the kinetic equation and thermodynamic equation for hydride transfer reactions.

Surgical excision of sialoblastoma in the parotid gland in newborn.

Objectives: To evaluate outcome of surgical excision of sialoblastoma in the parotid gland in newborn.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective review of 3 pediatric patients with sialoblastoma in the parotid gland that underwent surgical resections. All patients are newborn boys.

Reflectance speckle of retinal nerve fiber layer reveals axonal activity.

Purpose: This study investigated the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) reflectance speckle and tested the hypothesis that temporal change of RNFL speckle reveals axonal dynamic activity.

Methods: RNFL reflectance speckle of isolated rat retinas was studied with monochromatic illumination. A series of reflectance images was collected every 5 seconds for approximately 15 minutes.

[Clinical study of submental artery island myocutaneous flap for reconstruction of oral and maxillofacial defects following operation].

Objective: To evaluate the outcome and indication of the reconstruction of oral and maxillofacial postoperative defects by submental artery island myocutaneous flaps.

Methods: Sixty eight cases with the reconstruction of oral and maxillofacial defects by submental artery island myocutaneous flaps from January 2006 to May 2010 were analysed retrospectively. Primary lesions included carcinomas originating from tongue (28 cases), palate (13 cases), mouth floor (9 cases), gingiva (4 cases), buccal mucosa (6 cases), lip (3 cases), and other malignant or benign tumors (5 cases).

[Evaluation of the articulator function in the hemi-tongue defect patients after radical tongue cancer resection and simultaneous reconstruction with forearm flap or primary close].

Objective: To explore the effect of the patients' articulator function after reconstruction of hemi-tongue defect with forearm flap (FAP) or prime close (PC).

Methods: 36 patients who underwent hemiglossectomy were investigated after radical surgery for TSCC. 20 cases were reconstructed with FAP flaps and 16 with primary closure.