Replication competition drives the selective mtDNA inheritance in Drosophila ovary.

Purifying selection that limits the transmission of harmful mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations has been observed in both human and animal models. Yet, the precise mechanism underlying this process remains undefined. Here, we present a highly specific and efficient in situ imaging method capable of visualizing mtDNA variants that differ by only a few nucleotides at single-molecule resolution in Drosophila ovaries.

Molecular Engineering of Self-Folded Lithium Salts toward High-Energy and High-Power Lithium Metal Pouch Cells.

Molecular engineering of electrolytes for practical high-power and high-energy lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is a significant challenge due to the difficulty of simultaneously achieving high Li transport efficiency, minimal gas evolution, and stable cathode-electrolyte and anode-electrolyte interphases (CEI and SEI, respectively), with low charge-transfer resistance. Here, we introduce a fluorinated asymmetric lithium salt, lithium (2-(2-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl) ((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (LiFOA), designed to optimize electrolyte physicochemical/electrochemical properties for stable LMB pouch cells under fast cycling conditions. LiFOA features a Li-affinitive side chain, which folds up and suppresses anion migration, resulting in a significantly heightened Li transference number ().

Stroke-Aware CycleGAN: Improving Low-Field MRI Image Quality for Accurate Stroke Assessment.

Low-field portable magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI) devices address a crucial requirement in the realm of healthcare by offering the capability for on-demand and timely access to MRI, especially in the context of routine stroke emergency. Nevertheless, images acquired by these devices often exhibit poor clarity and low resolution, resulting in their reduced potential to support precise diagnostic evaluations and lesion quantification. In this paper, we propose a 3D deep learning based model, named Stroke-Aware CycleGAN (SA-CycleGAN), to enhance the quality of low-field images for further improving diagnosis of routine stroke.

Burden of ischemic heart disease in China from 1990 to 2021: Data from the global disease burden database 2021.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the disease burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in China from 1990 to 2021 utilizing data from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database.

Methods: Data from the GBD 2021 database were used to evaluate the prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs) attributable to IHD in China from 1990 to 2021. Age-standardized rates and Joinpoint analysis were employed to assess temporal trends, with comparisons across gender and age groups.

An activator regulates the DNA damage response and anti-phage defense networks in Moraxellaceae.

DNA-damage chemicals, including many antibiotics, often induce prophage induction and phage outbreaks within microbial communities, posing a significant threat to bacterial survival. Moraxellaceae strains are clinically relevant due to their remarkable resistance to antibiotics and radiation. However, the cellular-level regulation mechanisms that underlie their DNA damage response and anti-phage defense remain extensively unexplored.

Comparison of the diagnostic performance of narrow-band imaging endocytoscopy and staining-based endocytoscopy for colorectal lesions.

Background And Aims: Endocytoscopy (EC) enables real-time histopathological evaluation through two modes: narrow-band imaging endocytoscopy (ECNBI) and staining-based endocytoscopy (EC-SB). However, the comparative diagnostic accuracy between ECNBI and EC-SB, and their performance of endoscopists with varying levels of experience remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 565 colorectal lesions from 433 patients.

The aerial part of Panax japonicus alleviates HFD-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver via activation of the AMPK/ACC pathway in rats.

This study investigated the saponin fraction (SF) from P. japonicus aerial parts against NAFL. The saponin fraction was isolated from P.

Characteristics of SAA, the SII and NT-proBNP levels in patients with ACI and their value in evaluating the prognosis of thrombolytic therapy.

Objective: To explore the features of serum amyloid A (SAA), the systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) among individuals suffering from acute cerebral infarction (ACI), as well as their potential significance in assessing the adverse outcomes of thrombolytic treatment.

Methods: A total of 122 patients with ACI who underwent thrombolytic therapy were included in this single-center retrospective study. Patients were categorized into short-term good prognosis ( = 81) and short-term adverse outcomes ( = 41) groups on the basis of their prognosis within 6 months after the procedure.

Kun-Qi birth cohort (KQBC) study for the incidence, aetiology and risk factors of chronic kidney disease in Chinese children: a cohort profile.

Purpose: The Kun-Qi birth cohort (KQBC) was established to investigate the incidence, aetiology and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in early childhood (0-6 years). Additionally, the study analysed developmental phenotypic trajectories and their associated paediatric diseases.

Participants: Infants registered or residing in Kunshan and Qidong, Jiangsu Province, who participated in the Chinese Child Healthcare Programme (0-6 years) were enrolled.

Analysis of the impact of changes in vaginal Flora during pregnancy on the risk of premature birth based on 16 s rDNA high-throughput sequencing.

Objective: To investigate the impact of changes in the vaginal microbiota during pregnancy on the risk of preterm birth by analyzing the microbial composition and diversity in term and preterm pregnancies using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing.

Methods: Vaginal microbiota samples from term (n = 101) and preterm (n = 16) pregnancies were obtained from the EMBL-EBI database (PRJNA393472) and analyzed using Illumina sequencing targeting the V3 + V4 regions of the 16S rDNA gene. Alpha and beta diversity indices were calculated, and the taxonomic composition was evaluated.

Capacity of Understanding the Future Approaches in Cancer Treatment by Multiple Models of Artificial Intelligence.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a popular tool in education for disease treatment, not only for patients but also for physicians and scientists. We aimed to explore the educational values of different AI models in future disease treatment by providing them with real-world obstacles in cancer treatment for the most serious types of breast cancer and chondrosarcoma. We first asked seven large AI models to predict the future treatment approaches that would lead to a better outcome for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DDCS).

Clinical practice guidelines for rituximab treatment in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.

Background: Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome is a prevalent glomerular disease in children. The 2021 guidelines for glomerular disease management by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes and the 2023 recommendations for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome management by International Pediatric Nephrology Association recommend rituximab for frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome and steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome in children. However, there is considerable variation in rituximab application, including administration timing, dose, frequency, concomitant medications, and follow-up schedules.

Correction: Systematic analysis of the interaction mechanism between platelets and coronary heart disease: From molecular pathways to new strategies for plant based antiplatelet therapy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.

VLPose: Bridging the Domain Gap in Pose Estimation with Language-Vision Tuning.

Thanks to advances in deep learning techniques, Human Pose Estimation (HPE) has achieved significant progress in natural scenarios. However, these models perform poorly in artificial scenarios such as painting and sculpture due to the domain gap, constraining the development of virtual reality and augmented reality. With the growth of model size, retraining the whole model on both natural and artificial data is computationally expensive and inefficient.

Anti-radar based on metasurface.

In advanced multi-static radar (MSR), multidimensional information from target echo signals is collected by different receivers to enable precise localization using various algorithms. Owing to its efficient target localization and tracking capability, MSR has found wide applications in sensing, military operations, aviation, and aerospace. Multi-static nature of MSR also makes it difficult to counter.

Effects of celery () on blood pressure, glycemic and lipid profile in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Celery is commonly used as a diet intervention for hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. However, its precise therapeutic efficacy remains uncertain.

Objective: This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of celery preparations in regulating blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipids profiles in adults.

A phase 4, open-label, multicenter study of the safety and efficacy of agalsidase beta in Chinese patients with Fabry disease.

Background: This is the first phase 4 study evaluating safety and efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in Chinese patients with Fabry disease, and exploring the impact of COVID-19 infection on the prognosis of Fabry disease under ERT.

Methods And Results: Eligible patients received an infusion of agalsidase beta (1.0 mg/kg/2w) for up to 48 weeks.

Comparison of targeting two antigens (GPA33 versus HER2) for Ac-pretargeted alpha-radioimmunotherapy of colorectal cancer.

Curative therapies remain a significant unmet need for advanced human colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to establish a 3-step Ac-DOTA pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) system for human CRC, targeting two individual antigens: glycoprotein A33 (GPA33) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). cellular uptake and internalization assays, as well as survival assays (colony forming) were performed in GPA33- and HER2-positive SW1222 human CRC cells.

Development and validation of nomogram for predicting pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer: a multicenter real-world study in China.

Background: The combination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy (NICT) brings a higher proportion of pathological complete response (pCR) compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). Here we constructed and validated a prediction model to provide a clinical reference for predicting pCR.

Methods: 456 patients who accepted radical gastrectomy after NICT in seven large-scale gastrointestinal medical centers from Jan 2020 to Jan 2025 were enrolled in this study, with 320 patients in the training set and 136 patients in the validation set.

Barriers and facilitators to implementing the Let's Talk about Children intervention in China: A qualitative study.

Background: Evidence-based interventions often fail to translate into practice. This study aims to identify facilitators and barriers that affect the implementation of Let's Talk about Children (LTC), a family-focused intervention for families of children with parental mental illness (COPMI). Furthermore, we aim to offer actionable strategies to scale up LTC in China.

The Prognostic Role of Perioperative Dexamethasone in Aseptic Revision Hip Arthroplasty-A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Aseptic hip revision arthroplasty often results in significant postoperative pain, inflammation, nausea, and vomiting. While perioperative dexamethasone has demonstrated benefits in primary hip arthroplasty, its efficacy and safety in revision procedures remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the effects of perioperative dexamethasone on postoperative pain, inflammation, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and safety in aseptic hip revision.

Optimized Tangential Flow Filtration for Efficient Isolation of Highly Pure and Bioactive sEVs.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have demonstrated significant therapeutic potential. However, the lack of efficient and scalable methods for sEV separation remains a critical barrier to their large-scale production as therapeutic agents. Tangential flow filtration (TFF) has emerged as a promising technique for large-scale sEV separation, but the absence of comprehensive and systematic studies makes it challenging to determine optimal TFF parameters for sEV isolation.

Effects of different exercise modalities on balance performance in healthy older adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Exercise has been proven to significantly enhance balance performance in healthy older adults, particularly those living independently in community settings. However, it remains unclear which specific types of exercise are the most effective and which modality yields the best intervention outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the effects of different exercise modalities on four balance-related outcomes-Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), gait speed (GS), and one-leg stance with eyes open (OLSEO)-in healthy older adults, using a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Efficacy and safety of berberine on the components of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a prevalent metabolic disease that significantly increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and overall mortality. Current medications have limited effects on the various components of MetS. Berberine has demonstrated unique comprehensive therapeutic benefits for MetS, but its efficacy remains uncertain.

Preoperative geriatric nutritional risk index as a predictor of postoperative delirium in revision arthroplasty: a 10-year retrospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between the preoperative geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and postoperative delirium (POD) in patients undergoing hip or knee revision arthroplasty.

Methods: 820 patients who underwent hip or knee revision arthroplasty from January 2014 to September 2024 were included. The exposure variable was preoperative GNRI, and the outcome variable was POD, diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM).