Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals immune regulatory mechanisms and molecular therapeutic strategies in the microenvironment of multiple myeloma.

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy marked by uncontrolled plasma cell proliferation, immune evasion, and drug resistance. Despite advances in treatment, the disease remains incurable due to relapses and drug resistance. This study aims to investigate the molecular and cellular interactions within the myeloma microenvironment using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), Mendelian randomization (MR), and pathway analysis to uncover therapeutic targets.

Efficacy of Muscle Relaxants on a Multimodal Analgesic Regimen in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Trial.

Background: Postoperative muscle spasms markedly contribute to acute pain and restricted joint mobility after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of adding muscle relaxants as an adjunctive therapy in multimodal analgesic protocols for post-TKA pain management.

Methods: In this randomized trial with a 30-day follow-up, 120 patients undergoing TKA were assigned to receive either tizanidine (two mg three times daily for 14 days, starting on the first postoperative day) or placebo.

Decoding longitudinal microbiome trajectories: an interpretable machine learning approach for biomarker discovery and prediction.

Information generated from longitudinally sampled microbial data has the potential to illuminate important aspects of development and progression for many human conditions and diseases. Identifying microbial biomarkers and their time-varying effects can not only advance our understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms, but also facilitate early diagnosis and guide optimal timing of interventions. However, longitudinal predictive modeling of highly noisy and dynamic microbial data (e.

Percutaneous Retrieval of Retained-Fractured Dilator in the Ascending Aorta: A Case Report.

Retained endovascular foreign bodies, when inadvertently left behind after vascular interventions, can result in severe complications. In addition to common complications such as thrombosis, sepsis, and bacterial endocarditis, rigid and slender foreign bodies may cause embolization to branch vessels, vascular endothelial damage, arterial dissection, vascular perforation, and removal difficulties. Here, we present a case involving the endovascular retrieval of a 20 cm dilator from the ascending aorta.

The Prognostic Role of Perioperative Dexamethasone in Aseptic Revision Hip Arthroplasty-A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Aseptic hip revision arthroplasty often results in significant postoperative pain, inflammation, nausea, and vomiting. While perioperative dexamethasone has demonstrated benefits in primary hip arthroplasty, its efficacy and safety in revision procedures remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the effects of perioperative dexamethasone on postoperative pain, inflammation, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and safety in aseptic hip revision.

Preoperative geriatric nutritional risk index as a predictor of postoperative delirium in revision arthroplasty: a 10-year retrospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between the preoperative geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and postoperative delirium (POD) in patients undergoing hip or knee revision arthroplasty.

Methods: 820 patients who underwent hip or knee revision arthroplasty from January 2014 to September 2024 were included. The exposure variable was preoperative GNRI, and the outcome variable was POD, diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM).

Efficacy of focused low intensity pulsed ultrasound in reducing lower-extremity swelling and pain after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized study.

Purpose: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a non-invasive physiotherapy that is often utilized to treat swelling and pain caused by musculoskeletal trauma. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LIPUS in reducing lower-extremity swelling and pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: This randomized, controlled study evaluated 116 patients undergoing primary TKA, randomly assigning them to either an LIPUS group receiving active LIPUS therapy (0.

Elevated Admission Blood Glucose Levels Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Re-Revision.

Background: The relationship between elevated blood glucose levels (BGLs) at admission for primary revision surgery and the risk of re-revision due to periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains unclear. This study aimed to: (1) investigate the association between elevated BGLs at admission for primary revision surgery and the risk of re-revision due to PJI; and (2) identify the optimal threshold for blood glucose control to minimize the risk of postoperative infection.

Methods: A total of 804 patients who underwent primary revision surgery between 2012 and 2024 were included.

Metagenomics reveals functional profiles of gut microbiota during the recovery phase of acute pancreatitis.

Gut microbiota play a critical pathogenic role in acute pancreatitis (AP). This study aimed to investigate the composition and function of gut microbiota during the recovery phase of AP. Rectal swab samples obtained from 12 AP patients of varying severity during both the acute and recovery phases were sequenced using shotgun metagenomic sequencing.

Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein-Loaded Organic and Inorganic Hybrid Aerogel Bone Scaffolds Regulate Bone Regeneration by Balancing Osteogenesis and Osteoclastogenesis.

Critical-sized bone defects present formidable challenges in orthopedic reconstruction due to the inability of existing biomaterial scaffolds to concurrently regulate osteogenic-osteoclastic coupling and vascularization. Conventional hydroxyapatite (HA)-based grafts often fail to stimulate angiogenesis and may impede remodeling by suppressing osteoclastogenesis. Herein, a PTHrp-loaded organic-inorganic hybrid aerogel scaffold (PTHrp-NCHA) is developed, designed to regulate bone regeneration by synergistically promoting osteoblast and osteoclast activity while enhancing vascularization.

Exploring the Effect of 1-MCP Treatment on the Post-Harvest Quality and Electronic Nose Characteristics of 'Jizaohong' Apricots.

Apricots, known for their unique flavor and health advantages, experience external quality deterioration after harvest due to their climacteric characteristics, leading to a decrease in shelf life. This research examines the effects of 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) application on the post-harvest quality and volatile compound profiles of 'Jizaohong' apricots when stored under ambient conditions. After harvesting, apricots underwent treatment with 0.

[Clinical feature and genetic analysis of a child with X-linked Opitz G/BBB syndrome caused by nonsense variant in the MID1 gene mediated by mRNA degradation escape].

Objective: To explore the genotype-phenotype relationship in a child with Opitz G/BBB syndrome (OS) with mild clinical phenotype.

Methods: A child with motor developmental delay as the initial symptom admitted to Xi'an Children's Hospital on June 10, 2021 was selected for this study. Clinical data were collected, and peripheral blood samples were obtained from the child and his mother.

Clinical outcomes of arthroscopic treatment for shoulder synovial chondromatosis: a case series.

Background: Synovial chondromatosis (SC) of the shoulder is a rare clinical condition that can lead to severe symptoms. Research on this disease is limited.

Methods: From April 2015 to February 2024, a total of 15 patients diagnosed with shoulder SC underwent arthroscopic débridement and synovectomy.

A multimodal defect-rich nanoreactor triggers sono-piezoelectric tandem catalysis and iron metabolism disruption for implant infections.

Tracking and eradicating drug-resistant bacteria are critical for combating implant-associated infections, yet effective antibacterial therapies remain elusive. Herein, we propose an oxygen vacancy-rich (BiFe)(BaTi)O nanoreactor as a piezoelectric sonosensitizer by spatiotemporal ultrasound-driven sono- and chemodynamic tandem catalysis to amplify antibacterial efficacy. The piezoelectric charge carriers under a built-in electric field synchronize the reaction of O and HO, efficiently generating HO.

Diagnostic investigation, intervention, and outcome for post-subtotal gastrectomy patients who present with jaundice.

Purpose: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a useful diagnostic and interventional tool in patients with obstructive jaundice. In patients who had subtotal gastrectomy, however, the implementation of ERCP has become more difficult. This study aims to investigate the accuracy of contrast-enhanced CT, MRI/MRCP and PET/CT in lesion localization, characterization, and extent evaluation in post-subtotal gastrectomy patients who present with obstructive jaundice.

Leptin Enhances M1 Macrophage Polarization and Impairs Tendon-Bone Healing in Rotator Cuff Repair: A Rat Model.

Background: Rotator cuff tears are common, affecting more than 60% of individuals older than 80 years, and they have been implicated in 70% of patients with shoulder pain. M1 polarization-related inflammation has been reported to be associated with poor healing outcomes of rotator cuff injury, and leptin, an adipokine, has been reported to be a potential activator of inflammation. However, whether leptin affects rotator cuff repair remains unknown.

Piezoelectric Biomaterial with Advanced Design for Tissue Infection Repair.

Bacterial infection has become the most dangerous factor in tissue repair, which strongly affects the tissue regeneration efficiency and wellness of patients. Piezoelectric materials exhibit the outstanding advantage of producing electrons without external power supply. The ability of electron enrichment and reactive oxygen species generation through noninvasive stimulations enables piezoelectric materials the potential applications of antibacterial.

Consciousness trajectories and functional independence after acute brain injury in children with prolonged disorder of consciousness.

Aim: To explore the trajectories of consciousness recovery and prognosis-associated predictors in children with prolonged disorder of consciousness (pDoC).

Method: This single-centre, retrospective, observational cohort involved 134 (87 males, 47 females) children diagnosed with pDoC and hospitalized at the Department of Rehabilitation at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in China. The median onset age was 30 (interquartile range [IQR] 18-54) months, with onset ages ranging from 3 to 164 months.

Neuronal guidance factor Sema3A inhibits neurite ingrowth and prevents chondrocyte hypertrophy in the degeneration of knee cartilage in mice, monkeys and humans.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease accompanied with the loss of cartilage and consequent nociceptive symptoms. Normal articular cartilage maintains at aneural state. Neuron guidance factor Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) is a membrane-associated secreted protein with chemorepulsive properties for axons.

Safety of perioperative intravenous different doses of dexamethasone in primary total joint arthroplasty: a retrospective large-scale cohort study.

Purpose: Perioperative intravenous different doses of dexamethasone (DEX) can realize effective clinical outcomes in total joint arthroplasty (TJA). However, the effect of different DEX doses on readmission rates and postoperative complications remains unclear.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent primary TJA between December 2012 and October 2020.

Engineered Magneto-Piezoelectric Nanoparticles-Enhanced Scaffolds Disrupt Biofilms and Activate Oxidative Phosphorylation in Icam1 Macrophages for Infectious Bone Defect Regeneration.

Infectious bone defects pose significant clinical challenges due to persistent infection and impaired bone healing. Icam1 macrophages were identified as crucial and previously unrecognized regulators in the repair of bone defects, where impaired oxidative phosphorylation within this macrophage subset represents a significant barrier to effective bone regeneration. To address this challenge, dual-responsive iron-doped barium titanate (BFTO) nanoparticles were synthesized with magnetic and ultrasonic properties.

Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide 2 May Be Associated With Decreased M1 Macrophage Production and Increased Histologic and Biomechanical Tendon-Bone Healing Properties in a Rat Rotator Cuff Tear Model.

Purpose: To explore the potential of growth hormone-releasing peptide 2 (GHRP-2) for tendon-bone healing in a rat rotator cuff tear (RCT) model.

Methods: The impact of GHRP-2 on M1 macrophage polarization in vitro was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunofluorescence staining. GHRP-2 was then applied in a rat RCT model, and the healing of the tendon-bone interface was systemically evaluated by histologic staining, radiologic assessments, gait analysis, and biomechanical tests.

Correlation between colonoscopy difficulty and personality traits: study protocol for a prospective, observational, multicentre study.

Background: Colonoscopy is widely used for screening and treatment of early colonic lesions and is critical for the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. However, due to its invasive nature, colonoscopy can cause pain and discomfort for patients and is often associated with prolonged insertion times or failed attempts. Difficult colonoscopy is characterised by a caecal insertion time greater than 10 min, multiple insertion attempts or failed insertion, with an incidence rate of approximately 25%.

Longitudinal Microbiome-based Interpretable Machine Learning for Identification of Time-Varying Biomarkers in Early Prediction of Disease Outcomes.

Information generated from longitudinally-sampled microbial data has the potential to illuminate important aspects of development and progression for many human conditions and diseases. Identifying microbial biomarkers and their time-varying effects can not only advance our understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms, but also facilitate early diagnosis and guide optimal timing of interventions. However, longitudinal predictive modeling of highly noisy and dynamic microbial data (e.