Multifunctional Photoactive Janus Nanofibrous Membranes for Unidirectional Water Transport and Remediation of Airborne Pathogens and Pollutants.

Airborne pathogens and pollution control typically necessitate multiple membranes, each specializing in efficient aerosol filtration, moisture regulation, or antimicrobial protection. Integrating all these functions into a single membrane is highly advantageous but remains inherently challenging due to material incompatibility and inevitable performance trade-offs. Here, we present a photoactive Janus nanofibrous membrane for highly efficient air purification, engineered via sequential electrospinning.

Mechano-Electrochemical Synergy of Lignin Cross-Linked PVA Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Wide-Temperature Flexible Supercapacitors.

The rapid development of flexible electronics has intensified the demand for high-performance energy storage solutions. This research aims to enhance the performance of flexible supercapacitors under extreme temperatures through a lignin cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) gel electrolyte. By incorporating lignin with PVA and using polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether as a cross-linker, a hydrogel (PL, represents the mass ratio of lignin to PVA) with an enhanced three-dimensional network structure was constructed.

Identification of a novel variant (c.778A>G) associated with CHOPS syndrome.

CHOPS (cognitive impairment, coarse facies, heart defects, obesity, pulmonary involvement, short stature, and skeletal dysplasia) syndrome is an extremely rare disorder with multiple congenital anomalies caused by missense variants in the ALF transcription elongation factor 4 gene (). This study aimed to identify causative variants in a Chinese family with CHOPS syndrome. A Chinese girl with short stature, obesity, and developmental delay underwent comprehensive clinical and genetic evaluations, including karyotyping analysis, multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification, detection of aberrant methylation, whole exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, and copy number variation analysis, followed by analyses.

Application of three-dimensional fluorescence spectral characterization and chemometrics in the analysis of traceability of Paeoniae Radix Rubra.

Natural products are treasure troves of resources that the environment has given upon humans and are directly linked to human health and well-being. Extracting natural products from medicinal plants is the material basis for treating various diseases but the natural product content of the same medicinal plant can vary due to environmental conditions, which may exert an influence on the therapeutic outcome. Since the existing identification methods for the origin of medicinal plants are cumbersome, it is necessary to find a easy, quick, and accurate way to trace the origins of medicinal plants and ensures the quality of natural products.

Enhancing the encapsulation efficiency, bioavailability, and antioxidant efficacy of quercetin and maize peptide by a novel multi-frequency pulsed ultrasonic-assisted nanoliposomal encapsulation system.

To enhance the embedding rate, bioavailability, and antioxidant efficacy of quercetin (Qu) and maize peptide (MP), a maize peptide-quercetin nanoliposome (MP-Qu-Lipo) was synthesized using a novel multi-frequency pulsed ultrasound treatment (UT) technology. The effects of ultrasonic parameters on preparation performance were evaluated, along with their influence on the structure, digestion, cellular uptake, and cellular protection against oxidative stress. The results showed that both encapsulation and ultrasonic treatment significantly enhanced the Qu embedding rate (ER), yield, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of the nanoliposome by 43.

Genetic analysis of TMEM230 variants in Han Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and gait disturbance. The transmembrane protein 230 gene (TMEM230) was initially identified as a disease-causing gene in autosomal dominant PD while the role of TMEM230 in PD remains controversial. This study investigated the genetic role of TMEM230 variants in PD.

Postsynthetic Construction of Single-Crystal Formamide-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Postsynthetic modification (PSM) of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) provides a powerful strategy to promote the development of this emerging class of crystalline reticular materials. However, obtaining precise structural information regarding the postsynthetic installation of functional groups into the skeletons of COFs remains a significant challenge, primarily because of the loss of crystallinity of the parent crystals during the PSM process. Herein, by carefully selecting the starting COF crystal and optimizing the reaction conditions, we report the first example of a multistep single-crystal-to-single-crystal chemical transformation for COFs, in which imine-linked COFs are successfully transformed into novel formamide-linked COFs.

Development of TPP-HK conjugates as membrane-targeting antibacterial agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) greatly threatens human health. Here, a series of TPP-HK conjugates with potent bacterial cytoplasmic membrane-targeting capabilities were developed to combat the escalating threat of MRSA infections. Among them, TH16 showed excellent antibacterial activity and low frequency resistance.

An orally available M/TMPRSS2 bispecific inhibitor with potent anti-coronavirus efficacy in vivo.

Coronaviruses have caused three major endemics in the past two decades. Alarmingly, recent identification of novel zoonotic coronaviruses that caused human infections suggests the risk of future coronavirus outbreak caused by spillover infection from animal reservoirs remains high. Therefore, development of alternative therapeutic options with broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus activities are urgently needed.

Bioinformatics analysis of JUP in patients with acute myocardial infarction and its potential application in clinical prognostic evaluation.

Background: Junctional Plakoglobin (JUP) is a critical protein involved in intercellular junctions, playing a significant role in maintaining the structure and function of myocardial cells. However, the expression of JUP in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and its potential applications in prognostic evaluation of patients remain underexplored. This study aims to investigate the expression levels of JUP in AMI patients and its association with clinical prognosis through bioinformatics analysis.

Podophyllum hexandrum Royle mitigates perimenopausal symptoms in an OVX rat model by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and enhancing estrogen receptor expression.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Podophyllum hexandrum Royle, recorded in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China as Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) Ying (SH), is a nationally protected Tibetan medicinal plant in China, which has been traditionally used to regulate menstruation, enhance blood circulation, and treat blood stasis and dystocia. However, its potential role and mechanisms in managing perimenopausal syndrome (PMS) remain unclear.

Aim Of The Study: This study evaluates the therapeutic potential of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) Ying rhizomes (SHR) and fruits (SHF) in PMS and investigates their underlying molecular mechanisms.

Community-engaged efforts to increase retention of Black American online registry participants.

Introduction: Many longitudinal Alzheimer's disease studies fail to retain Black American adults once enrolled. This limits the generalizability of research findings.

Methods: The Community-Engaged Digital Alzheimer's Research (CEDAR) study developed digital, culturally-informed, community-engaged efforts to increase longitudinal registry task completion of Black American Brain Health Registry (BHR) participants.

Identification of novel compound heterozygous variants in the PEX10 gene in a Han-Chinese family with PEX10-related peroxisome biogenesis disorders.

The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) are a group of rare inherited autosomal recessive diseases characterized by motor and cognitive neurological dysfunction, hypotonia, seizures, feeding difficulties, retinopathy, sensorineural hearing loss, hepatic and renal abnormalities, and chondrodysplasia punctata of long bones, and the clinical expression is variable. Exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were used to identify the genetic defect for PBDs in a two-generation non-consanguineous Han-Chinese pedigree. Compound heterozygous variants, a novel splicing variant c.

A deep learning model for structure-based bioactivity optimization and its application in the bioactivity optimization of a SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitor.

Bioactivity optimization is a crucial and technical task in the early stages of drug discovery, traditionally carried out through iterative substituent optimization, a process that is often both time-consuming and expensive. To address this challenge, we present Pocket-StrMod, a deep-learning model tailored for structure-based bioactivity optimization. Pocket-StrMod employs an autoregressive flow-based architecture, optimizing molecules within a specific protein binding pocket while explicitly incorporating chemical expertise.

Acetylation suppresses breast cancer progression by sustaining CLYBL stability.

Background: The incidence of breast cancer remains high and it remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of breast cancer and identifying novel biomarkers will help improve therapeutic strategies. Citrate lyase beta like (CLYBL) is expressed at low levels in breast cancer tissues and is associated with low patient survival rates.

Different GJA8 missense variants reveal distinct pathogenic mechanisms in congenital cataract.

Aim: Congenital cataract, a lenticular opacity diagnosed at birth or early in the postnatal period, often causes visual impairment. The pathogenic mechanisms of various cataract-associated variants are complex and diverse, and current knowledge is insufficient. This study aimed to determine the molecular etiology of congenital nuclear cataract in a Han-Chinese family and to reveal the pathogenic mechanisms of common cataract-associated variants with unclear mechanisms.

Cellulose aerogel-based copper oxide/carbon composite for supercapacitor electrode.

Carbon composite is one of the most competitive electrode materials for supercapacitor, and improving its energy density remains a significant challenge. The copper oxide/carbon composites with high specific surface area were prepared from the cellulose aerogel loaded with copper salts. The copper oxide/carbon composite electrode material, deriving from copper sulfate, reached a specific capacitance of 1001 F g at 2 A g, with an energy density of 139.

Characterization and functional analysis of Spodoptera litura galectins.

Background: Insects rely on their effective innate immune system to defend against pathogen infection, and pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a crucial role in insect immunity. Galectins, a family of animal β-galactoside-binding lectins, may serve as PRRs. Mammalian galectins are involved in diverse physiological processes; however, less is known about functions of insect galectins.

A recurrent variant c.5126C>T in a Han-Chinese family with tuberous sclerosis complex.

Objective: To identify the disease-causing variant in a family with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).

Methods: This study including a Han-Chinese pedigree recruited from the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China was conducted between February, 2019 and January, 2023. Detailed clinical examinations were performed on the proband and other family members of a Han-Chinese family with TSC.

Nerve-Derived Extracellular Matrix Promotes Neural Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Enhances Interleukin-4 Efficacy for Advanced Nerve Regeneration.

Facilitating neuronal differentiation of stem cells and microenvironment remodeling are the key challenges in cell-based transplantation strategies for central nervous system regeneration. Herein, the study harnesses the intrinsic pro-neural differentiation potential of nerve-derived extracellular matrix (NDEM) and its specific affinity for cytokines to develop an NDEM-gelatin methacryloyl(gelMA)-based bifunctional hydrogel delivery system for stem cells and cytokines. This system promotes the neural differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and optimizes the therapeutic index of Interleukin-4 (IL-4) for spinal cord injury (SCI) treatment.

CXCL16 promotes proliferation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by regulating GPX1-mediated antioxidant levels.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that the high expression of CXC motif chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) in cancer correlates with poor prognosis, as well as tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. While CXCL16 can serve as a tumor biomarker, the underlying mechanism in modulating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear. In this study, the aimed was to investigate the CXCL16 expression in HNSCC and to uncover the potential underlying mechanism.

An orally available Mpro/TMPRSS2 bispecific inhibitor with potent anti-coronavirus efficacy in vivo.

Coronaviruses have caused three major endemics in the past two decades. Alarmingly, recent identification of novel zoonotic coronaviruses that caused human infections suggests the risk of future coronavirus outbreak caused by spillover infection from animal reservoirs remains high. Therefore, development of novel therapeutic options with broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus activities are urgently needed.

CO-Mediated Hydrogen Energy Release-Storage Enabled by High-Dispersion Gold-Palladium Alloy Nanodots.

Developing and fabricating a heterogeneous catalyst for efficient formic acid (FA) dehydrogenation coupled with CO hydrogenation back to FA is a promising approach to constructing a complete CO-mediated hydrogen release-storage system, which remains challenging. Herein, a facile two-step strategy involving high-temperature pyrolysis and wet chemical reduction processes can synthesize efficient pyridinic-nitrogen-modified carbon-loaded gold-palladium alloy nanodots (AuPd alloy NDs). These NDs exhibit a prominent electron synergistic effect between Au and Pd components and tunable alloy-support interactions.

Triterpenoids from the rhizomes and roots of Gentiana scabra Bge. and their cytotoxic activities.

Phytochemical investigation on the rhizomes and roots of Gentiana scabra (Gentianaceae) led to the isolation of five new triterpenoids (1-5), together with seven known ones (6-12). The structures and absolute configurations of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic data interpretation, ECD calculation and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Noticeably, compound 4 was an uncommon 3,4-seco-pentacyclic triterpenoid in natural products.

Radiofrequency ablation: mechanisms and clinical applications.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), a form of thermal ablation, employs localized heat to induce protein denaturation in tissue cells, resulting in cell death. It has emerged as a viable treatment option for patients who are ineligible for surgery in various diseases, particularly liver cancer and other tumor-related conditions. In addition to directly eliminating tumor cells, RFA also induces alterations in the infiltrating cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), which can significantly impact treatment outcomes.