Lysine-polydopamine nanoparticles for ameliorating acidic microenvironment and neuroprotection in spinal cord injury repair.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is exacerbated by the formation of an acidic microenvironment and extensive neuronal loss, both of which contribute to poor functional recovery. To address this, we developed lysine-polydopamine nanoparticles (Lys-PDA) as a multifunctional therapeutic platform for SCI. Lysine, a naturally occurring amino acid, possesses weak alkalinity and neuroprotective properties, but suffers from poor in vivo stability and non-specific distribution.

0.01% atropine combined with carteolol hydrochloride can inhibit the scleral remodeling in guinea pigs with form-deprivation myopia.

Myopia is the most widespread refractive error caused by an increase in the axial length (AL) of the eyeball, and is also a major risk factor for other blinding eye diseases, seriously endangering human health and quality of life. Investigating practical methods to control the progression of myopia is therefore crucial. The only medication that has been shown to effectively delay the progression of myopia over an extended period of time is atropine.

HOXA5 Inhibits Microglia Pyroptosis in Cerebral Stroke by Regulating FTO-Mediated TMEM59 mA Demethylation.

Microglia pyroptosis promotes neuroinflammation and secondary brain injury in cerebral stroke. Herein, the role of homeoboxA5 (HOXA5) in regulating microglia pyroptosis during the development of cerebral stroke was studied. Cerebral stroke models were established by MCAO and OGD/R treatment.

Efficient recovery of Th and rare earth from radioactive residue leachate using synthesized amide carboxylic acids: Mechanistic study and process development.

In this article, the amide carboxylic acid extractants (N-[N,N-di(2-ethylhexyl)aminocarbonyl]methyl)leucine) and NLPL (lauroyl leucine) were synthesized by acylation reactions. A novel recovery process was developed for the leachate of ion-adsorption rare earth ore radioactive waste residue (IREORWR), which includes a fractional extraction of Th using DEHAL and an extraction-precipitation of rare earth (RE) using NLPL. DEHAL exhibited excellent selectivity and high extraction efficiency for Th.

Adult ADHD and comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders: a review of etiology and treatment.

Objective: ADHD, or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is known for its high degree of heterogeneity. It often coexists with other psychiatric diseases, especially anxiety and depression. This article reviews recent studies to explore the etiology of comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders in adults with ADHD, analyzing the factors contributing to this elevated comorbidity rate from several perspectives.

The Neglected Role of GSDMD C-Terminal in Counteracting Type I Interferon Signaling.

The GSDMD N-terminal fragment (GSDMD-NT)-mediated pyroptosis is extensively investigated. However, the role of the C-terminal domain of GSDMD (GSDMD-CT) is unexplored. This study demonstrates that GSDMD-CT acts as a negative regulator that suppresses IFN-I signaling during viral infection.

Artificial intelligence in early screening for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains a significant global health burden with high incidence and mortality rates, particularly in developing regions. Early detection is crucial for improving patient survival, yet conventional screening methods such as endoscopy and non-endoscopic techniques face limitations in accuracy, cost, and dependency on clinician expertise. This review explores the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in ESCC screening.

and are potential prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma caused by HBV/HCV via lactylation.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is recognized as the prime and lethal form of liver cancer caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) globally. Lactate is an end product of glycolysis that influences epigenetic expression through histone lactylation. While and RACGAP1 play crucial roles in HBV- and HCV-related HCC.

Lanthanide-based metal halides prepared at room temperature by recrystallization method for X-ray imaging.

Lanthanide (Ln)-based metal halides with excellent luminescence properties, large Stokes shifts, and low toxicity have aroused wide attention as scintillators for X-ray imaging. However, the lack of fast and mild synthesis methods of Ln-based metal halides, as one of the technical challenges, limits their applications. Here, benefiting from the innovative selection of methanol and ethanol as the solvent and anti-solvent, respectively, a series of CsLnCl (Ln = Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) microcrystals (MCs) were prepared via the recrystallization method at room temperature for the first time.

Functional connectivity and characteristics of cortical brain networks of elderly individuals under different motor cognitive tasks based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate age-related changes in brain functional connectivity during various motor and cognitive tasks, providing evidence for evaluating and intervening in brain aging.

Methods: 15 elderly participants (ELD) and 30 young controls (YOU) were assessed. fNIRS haemodynamic responses were recorded during the Purdue nail board motor task, continuous minus 7 cognitive task, and motor-cognitive dual task.

Enhancement of Magnesium Oxysulfate Cement by Acid Modifiers and Its Reaction Mechanism.

To address the challenges of low mechanical strength and poor water resistance in magnesium oxysulfate cement (MOSC), this study explores the incorporation of 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTC) and hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride (HPMA) as modifiers. Advanced analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimetry, were employed to analyze the physical phase composition and microscopic structure of MOSC hydration products. These analyses provided insights into the enhancement mechanisms associated with PBTC and HPMA.

Cr/Yb Codoped CsNaInCl Double Perovskites for Near-Infrared Light-Emitting Diodes.

Near-infrared (NIR) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are potential devices that could become the core components in biological imaging, security monitoring, etc., which are currently constrained by suboptimal luminous efficiency due to the absence of excellent luminescent materials. Here, we report a double perovskite CsNaInCl that is suitable for Cr doping and exhibits broad NIR emission.

Paprika-Induced Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: A Report of a Rare Case.

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an interstitial lung disease caused by exposure to environmental antigens in susceptible individuals. It is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction. The antigens involved in HP are numerous, but their identification is challenging.

OsJAZ10 Modulates Metabolite Profiles in Rice Seedlings in Response to Alkaline Stress.

The jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins, known as inhibitors in the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway, have been reported to play a protective role against abiotic stress in plants. Nevertheless, the specific role of JAZ proteins in rice seedlings under alkaline stress remains unexplored. In this study, we mainly focus on OsJAZ10, investigating the physiological response mechanism and metabolic regulation on rice seedlings challenged by alkaline stress.

Clinical Utility of the Trajectory of Serum Bilirubin and International Normalized Ratio Values in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure.

Background And Aim: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a rapidly progressive and highly fatal condition. Early identification of critically ill patients is crucial. Hepatitis B virus-related ACLF (HBV-ACLF), the main cause of ACLF in China, is characterized by liver failure and coagulation dysfunction.

SUMOylation regulates GSDMD stability and pyroptosis.

Various post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as palmitoylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination, have been shown to regulate pyroptosis. However, the role of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) modification, known as SUMOylation, in regulating GSDMD activity and pyroptosis remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that inhibition of SUMOylation reduces inflammatory pyroptosis by downregulating GSDMD expression.

Qualitative and quantitative agreement research on three diagnostic methods for maxillary transverse discrepancy.

Objective: The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to compare the agreement of three diagnostic methods for maxillary transverse deficiency (MTD) across different skeletal malocclusion.

Methods: Three hundred and sixty patients were categorized into skeletal classes I, II, and III based on the ANB angle and assessed using University of Pennsylvania analysis (UPA), Yonsei transverse analysis (YTA), and Andrews Element III analysis (AEA). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate quantitative agreement, while Cohen's kappa was used to measure qualitative agreement.

Has the Era of Individualized Intrauterine Treatment for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Arrived?

Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a common metabolic genetic disease. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to improve the prognosis. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) is an early, safe, and accurate method.

Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) of non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) for singleton and twin pregnancies in the first trimester.

Background: Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) has been proven feasible for non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) in singleton pregnancies. However, previous research is limited to the second trimester and the application in twin pregnancies is blank. Here we provide a novel algorithmic approach to assess singleton and twin pregnancies in the first trimester.

Modelling diversity in hospital strategies in city-scale ambulance dispatching with coupled game-theoretic model and discrete-event simulation.

The optimization in the ambulance dispatching process is significant for patients who need early treatments. However, the problem of dynamic ambulance redeployment for destination hospital selection has rarely been investigated. The paper proposes an approach to model and simulate the ambulance dispatching process in multi-agent healthcare environments of large cities.

Diverse strategies utilized by coronaviruses to evade antiviral responses and suppress pyroptosis.

Viral infections trigger inflammasome-mediated caspase-1 activation. Nevertheless, limited understanding exists regarding how viruses use the active caspase-1 to evade host immune response. Here, we use porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) as a model of coronaviruses (CoVs) to illustrate the intricate regulation of CoVs to combat IFN-I signaling and pyroptosis.

Metabolomics of related C3 and C4 Flaveria species indicate differences in the operation of photorespiration under fluctuating light.

C photosynthesis can be complemented with a C carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM) to minimize photorespiratory losses. C photosynthesis is often more efficient than C under steady-state conditions. However, the C CCM depends on inter-cellular metabolite concentration gradients, which must increase following increases in light intensity and could decrease rates of C photosynthesis under fluctuating light.

A feasibility study on utilizing machine learning technology to reduce the costs of gastric cancer screening in Taizhou, China.

Aim: To optimize gastric cancer screening score and reduce screening costs using machine learning models.

Methods: This study included 228,634 patients from the Taizhou Gastric Cancer Screening Program. We used three machine learning models to optimize Li's gastric cancer screening score: Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), Distributed Random Forest (DRF), and Deep Learning (DL).