Nanomedicine breakthroughs overcoming pancreatic cancer drug resistance through precision nano-interventions.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, primarily due to its rapid acquisition of drug resistance and the complex tumor microenvironment. Conventional cancer therapies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, often fail to elicit durable responses because PDAC cells exhibit both intrinsic and extrinsic resistance, in which the intrinsic resistance is driven by genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, overexpression of efflux transporters, and the presence of cancer stem cells while the extrinsic resistance is mediated by a dense desmoplastic stroma, hypovascularity, and immunosuppressive cellular components. This review comprehensively analyzes these multifactorial resistance mechanisms and examines cutting-edge nanotechnology-based strategies designed to circumvent them.

Long non-coding RNA NAV2-AS2 protects against atherosclerosis by regulating EndMT through sense-antisense hybrid formation with NAV2 mRNA.

Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases, leading to conditions such as ischemic heart disease and peripheral artery disease. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The present study uncovered lncRNA NAV2-AS2 as a newfound regulator of atherosclerosis, governing endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT).

Lonicerin targets ADRA1D and RSPO3 to ameliorate diabetes-induced vascular injury through Ca/Calcineurin/NFAT1-dependent anti-EndMT pathway.

Background: Cardiovascular complications are the primary cause of mortality and disability among diabetic patients. Lonicerin, a major bioactive compound in Lonicera japonica Thunb., has unclear effects and mechanisms on diabetic vascular injury.

A retrospective study of kidney disease in Alport syndrome during and after pregnancy.

Background: During pregnancy, hyperfiltration and other factors are hypothesized to contribute to the progression of kidney disease in women with Alport syndrome. To evaluate the status of kidney disease, clinical data from mothers with Alport syndrome in China and Europe over the pregnancy were analyzed.

Methods: This retrospective observational study collected data to evaluate proteinuria, kidney function and Alport stage prior to, during, and after pregnancy, respectively.

A novel EndMT inhibitor, xanthotoxin, attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by acting as TGFβR2 antagonist.

Background: Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) has emerged as a key process contributing to the pathology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Thus, identifying EndMT inhibitors may help impede NAFLD progression.

Purpose: Our research aims to identify potent natural EndMT inhibitors and explore their therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action in NAFLD.

LncRNA NAV2-AS2 is critical for fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and cardiac fibrosis.

Cardiac fibrosis is a key feature of cardiac remodeling in advanced stages of various cardiovascular diseases. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. The present study uncovered lncRNA NAV2-AS2 as a newfound regulator of cardiac fibrosis, governing fibroblast proliferation and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT).

[Status of outcome indicators of randomized controlled trial of traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of non-severe community-acquired pneumonia].

To analyze the outcome indicators of randomized controlled trial(RCT) of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in the treatment of non-severe community-acquired pneumonia(NSCAP), and to provide a basis for the design of NSCAP clinical trials and the construction of core outcome set. CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched from establishment to August 31, 2023. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies.

Joint and interactive associations of body mass index and genetic factors with cardiovascular disease: a prospective study in UK Biobank.

Background: Both body mass index (BMI) and genetic factors independently contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is unclear whether genetic risk modifies the association between BMI and the risk of incident CVD. This study aimed to investigate whether BMI categories and genetic risk jointly and interactively contribute to incident CVD events, including hypertension (HTN), atrial fibrillation (AF), coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and heart failure (HF).

Associations of ambient air pollution and lifestyle with the risk of NAFLD: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Both ambient air pollution and lifestyle factors contribute to the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but previous studies usually focused on single-factor associations. We aimed to assess the joint associations of ambient air pollution and lifestyle with the NAFLD risk and investigate whether lifestyle modifies the association of air pollution with NAFLD risk.

Methods: A total of 417,025 participants from the UK Biobank were included in this study.

ARTEMIS: An independently validated prognostic prediction model of breast cancer incorporating epigenetic biomarkers with main effects and gene-gene interactions.

Introduction: Breast cancer, a heterogeneous disease, is influenced by multiple genetic and epigenetic factors. The majority of prognostic models for breast cancer focus merely on the main effects of predictors, disregarding the crucial impacts of gene-gene interactions on prognosis.

Objectives: Using DNA methylation data derived from nine independent breast cancer cohorts, we developed an independently validated prognostic prediction model of breast cancer incorporating epigenetic biomarkers with main effects and gene-gene interactions (ARTEMIS) with an innovative 3-D modeling strategy.

Predictors of mortality in severe pneumonia patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Severe pneumonia has consistently been associated with high mortality. We sought to identify risk factors for the mortality of severe pneumonia to assist in reducing mortality for medical treatment.

Methods: Electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were systematically searched till June 1, 2023.

Associations of dietary magnesium intake with the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and mortality in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes: A prospective study in the UK Biobank.

Background: The association between dietary magnesium (Mg) intake and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains uncertain. We aimed to examine the associations of dietary Mg intake with the risk of ASCVD events and mortality in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A total of 149,929 participants (4603 with type 2 diabetes) from the UK Biobank were included in the analyses.

Amino-functionalized graphene oxide affects bacteria-phage interactions in aquatic environments.

The widespread use of graphene family nanomaterials (GFNs) in mass production has resulted in their release into the atmosphere, soil and water environment through various processes. Among these, the water environment is particularly affected by GFN pollution. Our previous study has demonstrated the impact of graphene oxide (GO) on bacteria-phage interactions in natural systems.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation technology for adults: an evidence mapping based on systematic reviews.

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a cutting-edge life-support measure for patients with severe cardiac and pulmonary illnesses. Although there are several systematic reviews (SRs) about ECMO, it remains to be seen how quality they are and how efficacy and safe the information about ECMO they describe is in these SRs. Therefore, performing an overview of available SRs concerning ECMO is crucial.

Antagonistic effect of the beneficial bacterium Enterobacter hormaechei against the heavy metal Cu in housefly larvae.

Vermicomposting via housefly larvae can be used to efficiently treat manure and regenerate biofertilizer; however, the uptake of heavy metals could negatively influence the growth and development of larvae. Intestinal bacteria play an important role in the development of houseflies, but their effects on resistance to heavy metal damage in houseflies are still poorly understood. In this study, the life history traits and gut microbiota of housefly larvae were evaluated after exposure to an environment with Cu -Enterobacter hormaechei.

Application of bacteria and bacteriophage cocktails for biological control of houseflies.

Background: Houseflies, Musca domestica L., are an ubiquitous pest that can transmit numerous diseases and threaten human health. Increasing insecticide resistance shown by houseflies necessitates the develop new control alternatives.

Communication between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis: Focusing on exosomes.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic hepatic disorder on a global scale. Atherosclerosis (AS), a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, stands as the primary contributor to mortality among patients diagnosed with NAFLD. However, the precise etiology by which NAFLD causes AS remains unclear.

Ecotoxicity effect of aspirin on the larvae of Musca domestica through retinol metabolism.

Aspirin is a widely used multi-efficiency pharmaceutical, and its environmental residues are frequently detected. However, limited information is available on its effects on the development of the public health pest and saprophytic insect Musca domestica. In this study, it was demonstrated that aspirin inhibits the larval growth of house flies in a concentration-dependent manner.

Memristor-induced hyperchaos, multiscroll and extreme multistability in fractional-order HNN: Image encryption and FPGA implementation.

Fractional-order differentiation (FOD) can record information from the past, present, and future. Compared with integer-order systems, FOD systems have higher complexity and more accurate ability to describe the real world. In this paper, two types of fractional-order memristors are proposed and one type is proved to have extreme multistability, local activity, and non-volatility.

Klebsiella pneumoniae in the intestines of Musca domestica larvae can assist the host in antagonizing the poisoning of the heavy metal copper.

Background: Musca domestica larvae are common saprophytes in nature, promoting the material-energy cycle in the environment. However, heavy metal pollution in the environment negatively affects their function in material circulation. Our previous research found that some intestinal bacteria play an important role in the development of housefly, but the responses of microbial community to heavy metal stresses in Musca domestica is less studied.

Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine adjuvant therapy for severe pneumonia: evidence mapping of the randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.

Severe pneumonia is a critical respiratory disease with high mortality. There is insufficient evidence on the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) adjuvant therapy for severe pneumonia. This study aims to identify, describe, assess, and summarize the currently available high-quality design evidence on TCM adjuvant therapy for severe pneumonia to identify evidence gaps using the evidence mapping approach.

Serratia marcescens in the intestine of housefly larvae inhibits host growth by interfering with gut microbiota.

Background: The structure of gut microbiota is highly complex. Insects have ubiquitous associations with intestinal symbiotic bacteria, which play essential roles. Thus, understanding how changes in the abundance of a single bacterium interfere with bacterial interactions in the insect's gut is important.

ATHENA: an independently validated autophagy-related epigenetic prognostic prediction model of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

The majority of these existing prognostic models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have unsatisfactory prediction accuracy since they solely utilize demographic and clinical information. Leveraged by autophagy-related epigenetic biomarkers, we aim to develop a better prognostic prediction model of HNSCC incorporating CpG probes with either main effects or gene-gene interactions. Based on DNA methylation data from three independent cohorts, we applied a 3-D analysis strategy to develop An independently validated auTophagy-related epigenetic prognostic prediction model of HEad and Neck squamous cell carcinomA (ATHENA).

Predictive correction method based on deep learning for a phase compensation system with frozen flow turbulence.

We propose a deep learning method that includes convolution neural network (CNN) and convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) models to realize atmospheric turbulence compensation and correction of distorted beams. The trained CNN model can automatically obtain the equivalent turbulent compensation phase screen based on the Gaussian beams affected by turbulence and without turbulence. To solve the time delay problem, we use the ConvLSTM model to predict the atmospheric turbulence evolution and acquire a more accurate compensation phase under the Taylor frozen hypothesis.

Dynamics study on the effect of memristive autapse distribution on Hopfield neural network.

As the shortest feedback loop of the nervous system, autapse plays an important role in the mode conversion of neurodynamics. In particular, memristive autapses can not only facilitate the adjustment of the dynamical behavior but also enhance the complexity of the nervous system, in view of the fact that the dynamics of the Hopfield neural network has not been investigated and studied in detail from the perspective of memristive autapse. Based on the traditional Hopfield neural network, this paper uses a locally active memristor to replace the ordinary resistive autapse so as to construct a 2 n-dimensional memristive autaptic Hopfield neural network model.