Integrating Electrostatic Adsorption-Laser Desorption/Ionization-MS with a Derivative Full-Spectrum Internal Standard Approach for Acylcarnitine Quantification in Clinical Samples.

Acylcarnitines (ACs), essential intermediates in fatty acid β-oxidation, are increasingly recognized as biomarkers for inborn errors of metabolism (IEM), insulin resistance, heart failure, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, conventional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and flow injection-mass spectrometry (FI-MS) methods are hindered by complex sample preparation, limited throughput, and matrix interferences. Meanwhile, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-MS (MALDI-MS) suffers from low-mass background noise and poor reproducibility.

Prostate Cancer Cells Secrete PD-1 in Exosomes to Enhance Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Activity and Promote Tumor Immune Evasion.

PD-1 restrains effective killing of cancer cells by the immune system and is predominantly located on the surface of T cells or other immune cells. However, cancer cells also express PD-1 to varying degrees, which is commonly associated with a poor prognosis. Here, we investigated the regulation and function of PD-1 expression in prostate cancer (PCa) and revealed the impact on the tumor microenvironment.

High-throughput LDI MS technology decodes the distinct metabolic landscape of prostate cancer in a large-scale cohort.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a leading global malignancy, yet current diagnostic reliance on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing is limited by suboptimal sensitivity and specificity for early-stage detection. The present study aims to establish an effective high-throughput screening technique for accurate PCa diagnosis.

Methods: A large-scale cohort of 28,892 subjects was considered for inclusion in this study, and 1133 volunteers were finally selected, including 600 healthy controls, 160 patients diagnosed with other diseases of urinary system, 89 patients diagnosed with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), and 284 PCa patients.

Targeting MAN1B1 potently enhances bladder cancer antitumor immunity via deglycosylation of CD47.

Background: Only a few bladder cancer patients benefit from anti-programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 immunotherapy. The cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) plays an important role in tumor immune evasion. CD47 is a highly glycosylated protein, however, the mechanisms governing CD47 glycosylation and its potential role in immunosuppression are unclear.

High-Precision Microfluidic Impedance Sensing for Pretreatment and Detection of Multiple Mycotoxins.

Mycotoxin contamination frequently causes considerable food safety problems. Unfortunately, for on-site mycotoxin detection, the experimental continuity and the stability of the results are affected by human operation in the sample pretreatment process, which brings a series of errors and further affects the experiment. Considering that, a centrifugal microfluidic chip is developed for the continuous automatic operation of each preprocessing step, which can simultaneously pretreat ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) with high throughput under optimal conditions.

Microbiome and fragmentation pattern of blood cell-free DNA and fecal metagenome enhance colorectal cancer micro-dysbiosis and diagnosis analysis: a proof-of-concept study.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, and it can be prevented by performing early screening. As a hallmark of cancer, the human microbiome plays important roles in the occurrence and development of CRC. Recently, the blood microbiome has been proposed as an effective diagnostic tool for various diseases, yet its performance on CRC deserves further exploration.

Porous Silicon Particle-Assisted Mass Spectrometry Technology Unlocks Serum Metabolic Fingerprints in the Progression From Chronic Hepatitis B to Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy and generally develops from liver cirrhosis (LC), which is primarily caused by the chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus. Reliable liquid biopsy methods for HCC screening in high-risk populations are urgently needed. Here, we establish a porous silicon-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (PSALDI-MS) technology to profile metabolite information hidden in human serum in a high throughput manner.

Synthesis and Biological Activity of 2-Chloro-8-methoxy-5-methyl-5-indolo [2,3-] Quinoline for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer by Modulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathways.

Developing novel drugs from natural products has proven to be a very effective strategy. Neocryptolepine was isolated from , a traditional endemic African herb, which exerts a wide range of biological activities such as antimalaria, antibacterial, and antitumor. 2-Chloro-8-methoxy-5-methyl-5-indolo [2,3-] quinoline (compound ) was synthesized, and its cytotoxicity was assessed on pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells, colorectal cancer HCT116 cells, liver cancer SMMC-7721 cells, and gastric cancer AGS cells .

Clinical characteristics of community-onset Clostridioides difficile infections at a tertiary hospital in mainland China: A fourteen-year (2010-2023) retrospective study.

Background: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is an increasingly common disease in healthcare facilities and community settings. However, there are limited reports of community-onset CDI (CO-CDI) in China.

Methods: We collected diarrheal stool samples from 3885 patients who went to outpatient department or emergency department in a tertiary hospital in China during 2010-2023, analyzed the correlation between patients' basic information and the detection rate of CDI.

Effect of CNT Oxidation on the Processing and Properties of Superacid-Spun CNT Fibers.

Spinning fibers from carbon nanotube (CNT)/superacid dispersions has emerged as a promising strategy for industrial-scale production of high-performance CNT fibers (CNTFs). The oxygen content and types of functional groups on CNT surfaces significantly influence dispersion, assembly processes, and fiber properties. In this study, Tuball-SWCNTs were purified and oxidized at varying levels.

A highly sensitive fluorescence biosensor for aflatoxins B detection based on polydiacetylene liposomes combined with exonuclease III-assisted recycling amplification.

A fluorescence biosensor for determination of aflatoxin B (AFB) based on polydiacetylene (PDA) liposomes and exonuclease III (EXO III)-assisted recycling amplification was developed. The AFB aptamer partially hybridizes with complementary DNA (cDNA), which is released upon recognition of AFB by the aptamer. Subsequently, the cDNA hybridizes with hairpin H to form double-stranded DNA that undergoes digestion by EXO III, resulting in the cyclic release of cDNA and generation of capture DNA for further reaction.

Isoporous Membrane Mediated Imprinting Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Spatially-Resolved Metabolomics and Rapid Histopathological Diagnosis.

Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) holds great value in spatial metabolomics and tumor diagnosis. Tissue imprinting on the SALDI target can avoid laser-induced tissue ablation and simplifies the sample preparation. However, the tissue imprinting process always causes lateral diffusion of biomolecules, thereby losing the fidelity of metabolite distribution on tissue.

Study on the mechanism of naringin in promoting bone differentiation: In and study.

Objective: Osteoporosis is a common clinical bone disease that occurs most frequently in middle-aged and elderly people. Various traditional herbal medicine formulations have shown significant benefits in models of osteoporosis. In this study, we aim to investigate the osteogenic efficacy of naringin (NRG) in the osteoporotic state.

Integration of metabolomics and peptidomics reveals distinct molecular landscape of human diabetic kidney disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes, and there is an urgent need to discover reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis. Here, we established an effective urine multi-omics platform and integrated metabolomics and peptidomics to investigate the biological changes during DKD pathogenesis. Totally 766 volunteers (221 HC, 198 T2DM, 175 early DKD, 125 overt DKD, and 47 grey-zone T2DM patients with abnormal urinary mALB concentration) were included in this study.

Accurate Discrimination of Benign Biliary Diseases and Cholangiocarcinoma with Serum Multiomics Revealed by High-Throughput Nanoassisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 is an essential biomarker for CCA diagnosis, but its low sensitivity (72%) makes the diagnosis unreliable. To explore potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of CCA, a high-throughput nanoassisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry technique was constructed.

Relevant mechanisms of MAIT cells involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a group of unconventional T cells that are abundant in the human body, recognize microbial-derived vitamin B metabolites presented by MHC class I-related protein 1 (MR1), and rapidly produce proinflammatory cytokines, which are widely involved in the immune response to various infectious diseases. In the oral mucosa, MAIT cells tend to accumulate near the mucosal basal lamina and are more inclined to secrete IL-17 when activated. Periodontitis is a group of diseases that manifests mainly as inflammation of the gums and resorption of the alveolar bone due to periodontal tissue invasion by plaque bacteria on the dental surface.

The mechanism of efferocytosis in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and its possible therapeutic strategies.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of periodontal tissues, and its etiology is related to several systemic factors. At present, the destruction of periodontal tissues is considered to be the result of inflammation resolution disorders. Efferocytosis plays an important role in the resolution of inflammation, and defective efferocytosis is an essential factor in the persistence of many chronic inflammatory diseases.

The role of Nrf2 in periodontal disease by regulating lipid peroxidation, inflammation and apoptosis.

Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) is a transcription factor that mainly regulates oxidative stress in the body. It initiates the expression of several downstream antioxidants, anti-inflammatory proteins and detoxification enzymes through the Kelch-like ECH-associating protein 1 (Keap1) -nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) -antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway. Its anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects have gradually become the focus of periodontal disease research in recent years.

CFNC, a neocryptolepine derivative, inhibited the growth of gastric cancer AGS cells by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Gastric cancer is highly heterogeneous and there is still a lack of efficient, low-toxicity small molecule compounds for the treatment of gastric cancer. Natural products are important sources for the development of antitumor compounds. Therefore, it is promising strategy to find the lead compound of anti-gastric cancer agents by structural modification of natural products.

Ferroptosis: A New Development Trend in Periodontitis.

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with bacterial biofilm. It is characterized by loss of periodontal support tissue and has long been considered as a "silent disease". Because it is difficult to prevent and has a health impact that can not be ignored, researchers have been focusing on a mechanism-based treatment model.

Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Neocryptolepine Derivatives as Potential Anti-Gastric Cancer Agents.

Natural products play an important role in drug development and lead compound synthesis. Neocryptolepine is a polycyclic quinoline compound isolated from . The cytotoxicity of neocryptolepine to gastric cancer cells AGS, MKN45, HGC27, and SGC7901 was not very strong, and it also had certain toxicity to gastric mucosa cells GES-1.

Salivary Microbiome Profile of Diabetes and Periodontitis in a Chinese Population.

Aim: There is a bidirectional association between diabetes and periodontitis. However, the effect of diabetes on the periodontitis salivary microbiota has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the presence of diabetes on the microbiota among Chinese patients with periodontitis.

A Novel Isaindigotone Derivative Displays Better Anti-Proliferation Activities and Induces Apoptosis in Gastric Cancer Cells.

Isaindigotone is an alkaloid containing a pyrrolo-[]quinazoline moiety conjugated with a benzylidene group and isolated from the root of Fort. However, further anticancer activities of this alkaloid and its derivatives have not been fully explored. In this work, a novel isaindigotone derivative was synthesized and three different gastric cell lines and one human epithelial gastric cell line were used to study the anti-proliferation effects of the novel isaindigotone derivative BLG26.