Propagation dynamics of off-axis polarization singularities embedded within autofocusing Airy beams.

We theoretically construct vectorial optical fields (VOFs) embedded with off-axis polarization singularities (PSs) using autofocusing Airy beams as orthogonal components. The focal intensity profiles of the composite VOFs and propagation dynamics of the embedded PSs are investigated. Our study reveals that isolated, simple, low-order PSs maintain their topological morphologies while undergoing rotational motion during propagation, whereas high-order PSs or low-order PSs resulting from the superposition of high-order optical vortices (OVs) split into stable, low-order PS-coupled configurations due to the spin-orbit interaction (SOI).

Ag-doping modulates the built-in electric field in S-scheme heterojunction of ZnInS/covalent organic framework for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production from pure water.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), characterized by efficient light absorption and highly tunable electronic structures, exhibit substantial promise for photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (HO) production. To solve the problem of severe photogenerated carrier recombination, the researchers proposed to construct step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunctions by combining COFs with metal sulfides (MS) to achieve effective separation and directional transfer of photogenerated electrons and holes. Herein, we deposited a bipyridine-linked COF (TpBpy) onto Ag-doped zinc indium sulfide (Ag-ZnInS, denoted as Ag-ZIS) nanoflowers to construct an S-scheme heterojunction for photocatalytic HO production.

Recent Studies on the Construction of MOF-Based Composites and Their Applications in Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

The development of metal-organic framework (MOF)-based composites for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution has garnered significant attention due to their tunable structures, high surface area, and abundant active sites. Recent advancements focus on enhancing light absorption, charge separation, and catalytic efficiency through strategies such as ligand functionalization, metal doping, heterojunction formation, and plasmonic coupling effects. For instance, modifications with Ir (III) complexes and Pt nanoparticles have significantly improved hydrogen evolution rates, while sandwich-structured MOF composites demonstrate optimized charge separation through tailored micro-environments and proton reduction efficiency.

Luteolin Potentially Alleviates Methamphetamine Withdrawal-Induced Negative Emotions and Cognitive Deficits Through the AKT/FOXO1/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in the Prefrontal Cortex and Caudate Putamen.

Methamphetamine (METH) misuse-induced affective and cognitive dysfunctions cause severe global health and economic burdens. However, the mechanisms underlying METH withdrawal-induced negative emotions and cognitive deficits, as well as the treatment strategies for them, remain elusive. Previous findings suggest that METH use triggers neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis, and protein kinase B (AKT), forkhead box protein 1 (FOXO1), and heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) are implicated in these processes.

Molecular Mechanism of Haustorium Specialization Inferences from Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis.

Background: is a parasitic herbaceous plant that obtains nutrients by forming specialized structures called haustoria to invade host plants.

Methods: In this study, we elucidated the differences in the gene expression regulation and metabolic characteristics between and ( (L.) ) through comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.

Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates blue light-induced corneal injury and wound healing delay by binding to and inhibiting TRIB1.

Background: With the escalating use of digital devices, blue light (BL) exposure has emerged as a critical concern due to its potential to cause ocular damage. This study explores the protective effects of notoginsenoside R1 (NR1), a bioactive compound from Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H.

Highly Efficient Schottky Heterojunctions for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution: Facile Synthesis of Hollow Nano-ZnSe Spheres on TiC-Nanosheets.

Traditional photocatalysts often have limited efficiency due to the high recombination rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. In this work, we synthesized 3D/2D ZnSe-MXene Schottky heterojunctions by an in situ electrostatic self-assembly method. Notably, the 3 % MXene-ZnSe composite exhibited an optimized photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of 765.

Senescent retinal pigment epithelial cells promote angiogenesis in choroidal neovascularization via the TAK1/p38 MAPK pathway.

Senescent retinal pigment epithelial cells play a key role in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD); however, the mechanisms underlying the angiogenic ability of these cells remain unclear. Herein, we investigated the effects of the senescent adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line-19 (ARPE-19) on wound healing, cell migration and survival, and tube formation abilities of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Additionally, we used Brown Norway rats to establish a laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) model for further nAMD-related studies.

DHODH Alleviates Heart Failure via the Modulation of CoQ-Related Ferroptotic Inhibition.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome that seriously endangers human health and quality of life as the terminal stage of cardiovascular diseases. Ferroptosis as a new iron-dependent programmed cell death mode that is closely related to the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) has been found to play a crucial role in inhibiting ferroptosis and improving mitochondrial function, and its expression can be upregulated by estradiol (E2).

Construction and immune effect evaluation of the S protein heptad repeat-based nanoparticle vaccine against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a highly virulent enteropathogenic coronavirus, is a significant threat to the pig industry. High frequency mutations in the PEDV genome have limited the effectiveness of current vaccines in providing immune protection. Developing efficient vaccines that can quickly adapt to mutant strains is a challenging but crucial task.

Rational design of covalent organic frameworks/NaTaO S-scheme heterostructure for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

As a typical perovskite material, NaTaO has been regarded as a potential catalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) process, due to its excellent photoelectric property and superior chemical stability. However, the photocatalytic activity of pure NaTaO was largely restricted by its poor visible-light absorption ability and rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. Therefore, a covalently bonded TpBpy covalent organic framework (COF)/NaTaO (TpBpy/NaTaO) heterostructure was designed and synthesized by the post modification strategy with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) and the in situ solvothermal process.

High-pressure induces topology boosting thermoelectric performance of BiTe.

Decoupling conductivity(σ)and Seebeck coefficient(S)by electronic topological transitions (ETT) under high pressure (2-4 GPa) is a promising method for bismuth telluride (BiTe) to optimize thermoelectric (TE) performance. However, theScannot dramatically increase with increasingσwhen ETT occurs in BiTe, which impedes optimizing TE performance by utilizing ETT in BiTe. A new strategy of enhanced ETT by combining lattice distortions and high pressure is proposed in this work.

Predictive value of ellipsoid zone-related angle parameters in primary surgery of large macular hole: a case control study.

Background: To explore the predictive value of Ellipsoid Zone (EZ) -related angle parameters for the outcome of primary macular hole surgery.

Methods: This was a retrospective study. Patients diagnosed with large macular hole (MH) (minimum diameter > 500 μm) between 2018 and 2021 were enrolled.

A novel variant in CFAP69 causes asthenoteratozoospermia with treatable ART outcomes and a literature review.

Purpose: Multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) are a severe form of sperm defect causing male infertility. Previous studies identified the variants in the CFAP69 gene as a MMAF-associated factor, but few cases have been reported. This study was performed to identify additional variants in CFAP69 and describe the semen characteristics and outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in CFAP69-affected couples.

Coexistence of MRCS syndrome, extremely long axis and exfoliation syndrome: a case report and literature review.

Background: The coexistence of MRCS (microcornea, retinal dystrophy, cataract, and posterior staphyloma) syndrome and extremely long axis is rare since microcornea frequently accompanies with diminution of entire anterior segment and occasionally the whole globe. In the case presented here, combination of these two elements were identified, together with XFS (exfoliation syndrome).

Case Presentation: A 66-year-old Han Chinese woman presented for consultation due to impaired vision which accompanied throughout her entire life span and worsened during the last 2 years.

Facile construction of a robust CuS@NaNbO nanorod composite: A unique p-n heterojunction structure with superior performance in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

The construction of heterojunctions is commonly regarded as an efficient way to promote the production of hydrogen via photocatalytic water splitting through the enhancement of interfacial interactions. The p-n heterojunction is an important kind of heterojunction with an inner electric field based on the different properties of semiconductors. In this work, we reported the synthesis of a novel CuS/NaNbO p-n heterojunction by depositing CuS nanoparticles on the external surface of NaNbO nanorods, using a facile calcination and hydrothermal method.

Choroidal morphologic and vascular features in patients with unilateral idiopathic epiretinal membranes: An optical coherence tomography analysis integrated with assessment of retinal layers.

Introduction: Integrated analysis of retinal and choroidal morphologic and vascular features is urgently needed to examine whether and how these two elements interact with each other, thus contributing to visual impairment in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERMs).

Methods: An observational retrospective study consisting of 181 patients diagnosed with unilateral iERM between August 2019 and July 2022 was carried out at Peking University Third Hospital. All patients underwent a standardized set of ophthalmologic examinations, including EDI-OCT and OCTA scanning, and were subsequently categorized into four stages according to current classification schemes based on their OCT findings.

Reduction in Lens Epithelial Cell Senescence Burden through Dasatinib Plus Quercetin or Rapamycin Alleviates D-Galactose-Induced Cataract Progression.

Senescent cells accumulate in aged organisms and promote the progression of age-related diseases including cataracts. Therefore, we aimed to study the therapeutic effects of senescence-targeting drugs on cataracts. In this study, a 28-day D-galactose-induced cataract rat model was used.

Effectiveness of Intranasal Tear Neurostimulation for Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: A Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: To assess the effectiveness and safety of intranasal tear neurostimulation in the treatment of dry eye disease.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of four databases from their inception to October 2022 without language restrictions. Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized controlled trials meeting the inclusion criteria were included in this review and were quality appraised.

Insights into the underlying choroid in different stages of idiopathic epiretinal membranes after Viteromacular surgery.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to longitudinally investigate the correlation between choroidal morphologic and vascular parameters and postoperative visual outcome in different stages of idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERMs).

Methods: A prospective, observational, institutional case series of 102 consecutive patients diagnosed with unilateral iERMs were recruited at Peking University Third Hospital and were followed up for 12 months after surgical treatment with vitrectomy. Participants were classified into four stages according to current staging scheme.

Relationship between size and location of infarction beside lateral ventricle and motor recovery following rehabilitation.

Background: The lesions besides lateral ventricle and motor recovery following rehabilitation have hardly been studied.

Objective: To explore the relationship between the size, location of infarction beside the lateral ventricle and motor recovery following rehabilitation.

Methods: A prospective cohort of 55 patients submitted to a Rehabilitation Medical Center between January 2015 and June 2019 who suffered a single cerebral infarction beside the lateral ventricle were included in the study.

Robust S-scheme hierarchical Au-ZnInS/NaTaO: Facile synthesis, superior photocatalytic H production and its charge transfer mechanism.

Designing Step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunction with the directional charge transfer pathway has been considered as a promising strategy for realizing effective spatial separation of photo-generated carriers in a photocatalytic system by utilizing broadband solar energy. Herein, the novel and ternary S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts were fabricated by embedding Au nanoparticles (NPs) on the surface of ZnInS/NaTaO composites through a facile two-step hydrothermal method for the first time. As expected, it showed an enhanced hydrogen evolution rate of 11404 μmol g h, which was approximately 58 and 10 times higher than that of the pristine NaTaO nanocubes (197 μmol g h) and ZnInS microspheres (1180 μmol g h) under simulated sunlight irradiation, respectively.

Prednisone plus IVIg compared with prednisone or IVIg for immune thrombocytopenia in pregnancy: a national retrospective cohort study.

Background: The responses of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) or corticosteroids as the initial treatment on pregnancy with ITP were unsatisfactory. This study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of prednisone plus IVIg prednisone or IVIg in pregnant patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

Methods: Between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2020, 970 pregnancies diagnosed with ITP at 19 collaborative centers in China were reviewed in this observational study.