Heparin administration at first medical contact vs immediately before primary percutaneous coronary intervention: the HELP-PCI trial.

Background And Aims: The beneficial effect of pre-treatment with unfractionated heparin (UFH) at first medical contact (FMC) before primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in all-comers with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains uncertain.

Methods: HELP-PCI was an investigator-initiated, randomized controlled trial conducted at 36 clinical centres in China. Patients with STEMI presenting ≤12 h after symptom onset undergoing PPCI were randomly assigned (1:1) to intravenous administration with UFH (100 U/kg) at FMC or in the Cath Lab through a catheter sheath.

Electrocardiographic R Wave Peak Time: Correlation With the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and Prognosis in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Background: Electrocardiographic parameters have emerged as valuable noninvasive markers for risk stratification in acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between R wave peak time (RWPT) and coronary artery disease (CAD) severity, and to assess its prognostic value for in-hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in ACS patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 183 ACS patients who underwent coronary angiography at our hospital between January 2020 and December 2023.

Comparative efficacy of intravascular ultrasound and fractional flow reserve in guiding percutaneous coronary intervention.

This study aimed to compare the postoperative function of patients with critical coronary artery lesions undergoing intervention guided by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) vs those guided by fractional flow reserve (FFR). A total of 226 patients (293 lesions) with coronary angiography-confirmed stenosis of 40% to 70% were enrolled and divided into 3 groups: the IVUS-guided group (98 lesions), the FFR-guided group (101 lesions), and the medical treatment group (94 lesions). In the IVUS-guided group, coronary stent implantation was performed if the minimum lumen area at the stenosis was < 4 mm2.

Exploring the repository of de novo-designed bifunctional antimicrobial peptides through deep learning.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are attractive candidates to combat antibiotic resistance for their capability to target biomembranes and restrict a wide range of pathogens. It is a daunting challenge to discover novel AMPs due to their sparse distributions in a vast peptide universe, especially for peptides that demonstrate potencies for both bacterial membranes and viral envelopes. Here, we establish a de novo AMP design framework by bridging a deep generative module and a graph-encoding activity regressor.

Apatinib inhibits HTNV by stimulating TFEB-driven lysosome biogenesis to degrade viral protein.

Hantaan Orthohantavirus (Hantaan virus, HTNV) infection causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans, posing a significant health threat. Currently, there are no long-lasting protective vaccines or specific antivirals available, creating an urgent need for effective antiviral treatments in the clinical management of HFRS. Given that viruses exploit multiple host factors for their replication, host-oriented inhibitors could offer promising therapeutic options.

NLRX1 deficiency exacerbates skin inflammation in atopic dermatitis by disrupting mitophagy.

NLRX1 is an important regulator of inflammatory signaling in innate immune cells. Recent studies indicate NLRX1 activation may be a novel mechanism for inflammatory diseases, however, it has not been explored in atopic dermatitis (AD). Our study aims to investigate the potential role of NLRX1 in the pathogenesis of AD.

A Novel HTNV Budding Inhibitor Interferes the Interaction Between Viral Glycoprotein and Host ESCRT Accessory Protein ALIX.

Virus budding is a critical step in the replication cycle of enveloped viruses, closely linked to viral spread, disease progression, and clinical outcomes. The budding of many enveloped RNA viruses is facilitated by the hijacking of the host endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) proteins through viral late domains. These late domains are essential for progeny virus production and are highly conserved, making the interaction between late domains and host ESCRT proteins a potential target for the development of antiviral therapeutics.

Schsphenines A and B, two new lignans from the fruit of with cardioprotective Activities.

Schsphenines A () and B (), two new lignans were isolated from the fruit of , together with six known ones respectively identified as schisanhenol (), methylgomisin O (), wuweilignan E (), neglschisandrin E (), schisandrin A () and schisandrin B (). The structures of isolated compounds were determined by UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, NMR, ORD analysis and quantum chemical calculation. The cardioprotective activities of all compounds were studied on HO-injury H9C2 cells using the MTT method.

Guanylate-binding protein 1 inhibits Hantaan virus infection by restricting virus entry.

Hantaan virus (HTNV) infection can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans, and currently, there are no long-standing protective vaccines or specific antivirals available. Guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP1) is an interferon-stimulated gene that defends against various pathogen infections. However, the function of GBP1 in HTNV infection remains unknown.

[Infection of human normal lung epithelial cells by Hantaan virus (HTNV) and its impact on innate immunity and metabolism].

Objective To confirm that Hantaan virus (HTNV) can infect BEAS-2B human normal lung epithelial cells and examine the host immune response and metabolic changes induced by HTNV infection by transcriptomic analysis. Methods Western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR and immunofluorescence assay were used to assess the viral load in BEAS-2B cells, and RNA sequencing was employed for transcriptomic analysis. Results Following the infection of BEAS-2B cells with HTNV, there was an increase in the expression of HTNV nucleocapsid protein (NP) and small segment (S) over time.

Acacetin Attenuates Sepsis-induced Acute Lung Injury via NLRC3-NF-κB Pathway.

Acacetin, a flavonoid derived compound has been recognized for its diverse biological activities, such as anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe condition characterized by respiratory insufficiency and tissue damage, commonly triggered by pneumonia and severe sepsis. These conditions induce an inflammatory response via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling activation.

T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin 1 (TIM-1) mediates infection of Hantaan virus in Jurkat T cells.

Hantaan virus (HTNV) is a major public health concern due to its ability to cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia. Symptoms of HFRS include fever, hemorrhage, immune dysfunction and renal impairment, and severe cases can be fatal. T cell-mediated adaptive immune responses play a pivotal role in countering HTNV infection.

NLRX1: a key regulator in mitochondrial respiration and colorectal cancer progression.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent and aggressive malignancy with high mortality rates and significant risks to human well-being. Population-wide screening for tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes shows promise for reducing the incidence and fatality of CRC. Recent studies have suggested that NLRX1, an innate immunity suppressor, may play a role in regulating chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis.

Impaired autophagy flux by lncRNA NEAT1 is critical for inflammation factors production in human periodontal ligament stem cells with nicotine treatment.

Background And Objectives: Periodontitis is the top reason for tooth loss, and smoking significantly increases severe periodontitis risk. Defective autophagy has been reported to play a vital role in periodontitis. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between autophagy and inflammation factors production in nicotine-treated periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and the underlying mechanism.

Anti-Hantavirus Activity of Protein Kinase Inhibitor 8G1 Targeting AKT/mTOR/eIF4E Signaling Pathway.

Hantaan virus (HTNV) is the main cause of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) around the world, which results in profound morbidity and mortality. However, there are currently no FDA-approved therapeutics or vaccines against HFRS. To find new anti-HTNV drugs, the inhibitory activity of 901 small molecule kinase inhibitors against HTNV is analyzed.

Bomidin: An Optimized Antimicrobial Peptide With Broad Antiviral Activity Against Enveloped Viruses.

The rapid evolution of highly infectious pathogens is a major threat to global public health. In the front line of defense against bacteria, fungi, and viruses, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are naturally produced by all living organisms and offer new possibilities for next-generation antibiotic development. However, the low yields and difficulties in the extraction and purification of AMPs have hindered their industry and scientific research applications.

Evaluation of efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban combined with aspirin in patients with chronic coronary artery disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is among the main causes of morbidities and mortalities globally. It is also considered to be an outcome of acute thrombotic events which entail activating platelets as well as coagulation proteins. In particular, rivaroxaban along with aspirin have been considered to reduce thrombotic events.

Coumarin Derivative N6 as a Novel anti-hantavirus Infection Agent Targeting AKT.

Hantaviruses are globally emerging zoonotic viruses that can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Asia and Europe, which is primarily caused by Hantaan virus (HTNV) infection, results in profound morbidity and mortality. However, no specific treatment is available for this disease. Coumarin derivatives have been reported as antiviral molecules, while studies about the bioactivity of coumarin derivatives against HTNV infection are limited.

[Research progress in metabolic reprogramming of endothelial cells and T cells and potential therapeutic targets for chronic inflammation].

Metabolic reprogramming plays a very important role in the immunoregulatory process, and T cells, as the indispensable part in the immune response, realize the change of function and state through metabolic reprogramming. And endothelial cells exhibit similar metabolic reprogramming. This review explores the interaction between endothelial cells and T cells to reveal the mechanism of the former as non-professional antigen presenting cells to recruit and activate the latter and the specific mechanism of cytokines produced by the latter in inflammatory response to regulate the function and state of the former, aiming to find the potential therapeutic targets for chronic inflammation and provide new ideas for the treatment.

The immunomodulatory effect of microglia on ECM neuroinflammation via the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway.

Introduction: The experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) model in C57BL/6 mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) has revealed microglia are involved in the ECM immune microenvironment. However, the regulation of microglia in the ECM immune response is not clear, and there is no safe and efficient treatment clinically for the protection of the nerve cells.

Aims: To elucidate the negative regulation mechanism in the ECM brain mediated by microglia.

Viruses Run: The Evasion Mechanisms of the Antiviral Innate Immunity by Hantavirus.

Hantavirus can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in America, with high mortality and unknown mechanisms. Innate immunity is the host's first-line defense to bridge the acquired immunity against viral infections. However, hantavirus has evolved various strategies in both molecular and cellular aspects to evade the host's natural immune surveillance.

[Knockdown of NLRC3 promotes proliferation and invasion of human colon cancer cells].

Objective To investigate the effects of nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family caspase recruitment domain containing 3 (NLRC3) on the proliferation, migration and invasion of human colon cancer HCT116 and LoVo cells. Methods NLRC3 was knocked down in HCT116 and LoVo cells by NLRC3-specific siRNA (si-NLRC3). NLRC3 mRNA and protein expression was detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting.

Knockout Mice Showed Renal Pathological Changes After HTNV Infection.

Hantaan virus (HTNV) infects humans and causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The development of well-characterized animal models of HFRS could accelerate the testing of vaccine candidates and therapeutic agents and provide a useful tool for studying the pathogenesis of HFRS. Because NLRC3 has multiple immunoregulatory roles, we investigated the susceptibility of mice to HTNV infection in order to establish a new model of HFRS.

HTNV infection of CD8 T cells is associated with disease progression in HFRS patients.

Hantaan viruses (HTNVs) are zoonotic pathogens transmitted mainly by rodents and capable of infecting humans. Increasing knowledge of the human response to HTNV infection can guide the development of new preventative vaccines and therapeutic strategies. Here, we show that HTNV can infect CD8 T cells in vivo in patients diagnosed with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS).