YC-4-3, a Novel Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Inhibitor, Alleviates the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress of Macrophages in Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia.

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease, characterized by decreased platelet count and increased risk of hemorrhage, in which macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis. This study aims to explore the effects of YC-4-3, the patented chemical synthesis of benzothiazepinone compounds (BTZs), a novel GSK-3β inhibitor (GSK-3βi), on macrophages in ITP. The expressions of GSK-3β in monocytes are tested.

Integration of clinical phenoms and metabolomics facilitates precision medicine for lung cancer.

Lung cancer is a common malignancy that is frequently associated with systemic metabolic disorders. Early detection is pivotal to survival improvement. Although blood biomarkers have been used in its early diagnosis, missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis still exist due to the heterogeneity of lung cancer.

Plasma Lipidomics Profiling to Identify the Biomarkers of Diagnosis and Radiotherapy Response for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients.

Background: Advanced lung cancer that contributes to a heavy burden on medical institutions is the leading cause of cancer-related death and is often accompanied by metabolic disorders. In this study, we aimed to explore the biomarkers of diagnosis and radiotherapy response in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients by plasma lipidomics analysis.

Method: Using triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer analysis, our research characterized the plasma lipid metabolomics profile of 25 healthy controls and 31 advanced NSCLC patients in each of three different radiotherapy phases.

Lipoprotein lipids and apolipoproteins in primary immune thrombocytopenia: Results from a clinical characteristics and causal relationship verification, potential drug target identification by Mendelian randomization analyses.

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disease. Cellular and systemic lipid metabolism plays a significant role in the regulation of immune cell activities. However, the role of lipoprotein lipids and apolipoproteins in ITP remains elusive.

MST4 kinase regulates immune thrombocytopenia by phosphorylating STAT1-mediated M1 polarization of macrophages.

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune hemorrhagic disorder in which macrophages play a critical role. Mammalian sterile-20-like kinase 4 (MST4), a member of the germinal-center kinase STE20 family, has been demonstrated to be a regulator of inflammation. Whether MST4 participates in the macrophage-dependent inflammation of ITP remains elusive.

Decreased cyclooxygenase-2 associated with impaired megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis in primary immune thrombocytopenia.

Background: Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of prostanoids, which is mostly inducible by inflammatory cytokines. The participation of COX-2 in the maturation of megakaryocytes has been reported but barely studied in primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

Methods: The expressions of COX-2 and Caspase-1, Caspase-3 and Caspase-3 p17 subunit in platelets from ITP patients and healthy controls (HC), and the expressions of COX-2 and CD41 in bone marrow (BM) of ITP patients were measured and analyzed for correlations.

Low-dose decitabine promotes M2 macrophage polarization in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia via enhancing KLF4 binding to PPARγ promoter.

Background: The first-line therapy is effective for the treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP); however, maintaining the long-term responses remains challenging. Low-dose decitabine (DAC) has been adopted to treat refractory ITP, while its role in macrophage polarization has not been fully understood. We aimed to investigate the mechanistic role of DAC in M2 macrophage polarization and evaluated its therapeutic effect in ITP.

Proinflammatory plasticity towards Th17 paradigm of regulatory T cells consistent with elevated prevalence of TGFBR2 variants in elderly patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia.

Background: Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is characterized for the skewed Th differentiation towards Th1 and Th17 cells as well as the impaired number and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Tregs are capable of co-expressing effector Th markers in different inflammatory milieu, which probably indicates Treg dysfunction and incompetence to counter over-activated immune responses.

Methods: Ninety-two primary ITP patients from March 2013 to December 2018 were included, and proinflammatory plasticity in different Treg compartments, age groups, and TGFBR2 variant carrier status were investigated.

A bibliometric analysis of primary immune thrombocytopenia from 2011 to 2021.

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia. This bibliometric analysis was applied to identify the characteristics of global scientific output, the hotspots, and frontiers of ITP over the past 10 years. We retrieved publications from 2011 to 2021 from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC).

Single-cell analyses reveal the therapeutic effects of ATHENA and its mechanism in a rhabdomyosarcoma patient.

Background: Whole-cell tumor vaccines tend to suffer from low immunogenicity. Our previous study showed that irradiated lung cancer cell vaccines in mouse models enhance antitumor efficacy by eliciting an intensive T cells response and improving immunogenicity. Based on these findings, we developed an improved whole-cell tumor vaccine, Autologous Tumor Holo antigEn immuNe Activation (ATHENA).

TCR Sequencing as a Clue to Elucidate the Landscape of Dysimmunity in Patients with Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia.

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder. The existence of autoreactive T cells has long been proposed in ITP. Yet the identification of autoreactive T cells has not been achieved, which is an important step to elucidate the pathogenesis of ITP.

Impaired mitochondria of Tregs decreases OXPHOS-derived ATP in primary immune thrombocytopenia with positive plasma pathogens detected by metagenomic sequencing.

Background: Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease. Some ITP patients are associated with pathogen infection undetected with conventional technologies. Investigating the changes of T cells and potential metabolic mechanism are important for better understanding of ITP.

Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and CD68CD163M2-Like Macrophages as Therapeutic Response Biomarkers Are Associated with Plasma Inflammatory Cytokines: A Preliminary Study for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients in Radiotherapy.

Background: Recent studies show that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and M2-like macrophages are involved in the treatment of tumors; however, their therapeutic response role is rarely known in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) during radiotherapy. We aim to explore the dynamic alteration of the circulating MDSCs and M2-like macrophages, to examine their relationship, and to evaluate their therapeutic response value for NSCLC patients in radiotherapy.

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy controls and NSCLC patients with different radiotherapy phases were isolated to examine the circulating MDSCs and M2-like macrophages by flow cytometry.

Activation of the P62-Keap1-NRF2 Pathway Protects against Ferroptosis in Radiation-Induced Lung Injury.

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the most common, serious, and dose-limiting toxicities of thoracic radiotherapy. A primary cause for this is the radiation-induced cell death. Ferroptosis is a recently recognized form of regulated cell death, characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Neutrophils contribute to elevated BAFF levels to modulate adaptive immunity in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia by CD62P and PSGL1 interaction.

Objectives: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterised by impaired platelet production and increased platelet destruction. However, the involvement of neutrophils in ITP is yet to be explored.

Methods: B-cell activating factor (BAFF) expression and activation markers of neutrophils, as well as activation of platelets in ITP patients and healthy controls were measured.

Antidepressants Fluoxetine Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Through the ATF4-AKT-mTOR Signaling Pathway.

Fluoxetine, one of the latest clinical antidepressants, is reported to have the anti-proliferative effect on cancer cells immune-related pathways. However, the mechanism is still not known. This study mainly focused on the discovery of the molecular basis of the inhibitory effect of fluoxetine in lung cancer.

Multiomics Differences in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients with High Radiosensitivity Index Compared with Those with Low Radiosensitivity Index.

Objectives: Radiosensitivity Index (RSI) can predict intrinsic radiotherapy sensitivity. We analyzed multiomics characteristics in lung squamous cell carcinoma between high and low RSI groups, which may help understand the underlying molecular mechanism of radiosensitivity and guide optional treatment for patients in the future.

Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data were used to download clinical data, mRNA, microRNA, and lncRNA expression.

The Preliminary Study for Postoperative Radiotherapy Survival Associated with and Expression in Lung Cancer.

Background: Many studies have reported that the inflammatory immune response related to signaling activation participates in tumor development and affects the treatment outcome. functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating DNA methylation. protein plays an important role in TGF-β signaling pathway that is involved in tumor growth inhibition and apoptosis.

Expression of p16, p53, and TLR9 in HPV-Associated Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Clinicopathological Correlations and Potential Prognostic Significance.

Purpose: To investigate the association of human papillomavirus (HPV) status with p16, p53, and TLR9 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and to evaluate these proteins as potential surrogate prognostic markers.

Methods: Expression of p16, p53, and TLR9 was assessed by immunohistochemistry, and HPV status was analyzed by in situ hybridization in 85 tumors of patients with HNSCC. Chi-square test was performed to evaluate the correlations of HPV infection with p16, p53, and TLR9 expression.

Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid enhances the cisplatin sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cells through cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, and autophagy suppression via p21-dependent signaling pathway.

Cisplatin-based therapy is a widely used chemotherapeutic regimen for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, drug resistance limits its efficacy. Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA), a bioactive compound from frankincense, has been shown to exert anti-cancer effects. The aim of this study is to explore the potential of AKBA in combination with cisplatin as a new regimen for NSCLC.

Acetyl-11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid Exerts the Anti-Cancer Effects via Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis Induction and Autophagy Suppression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells.

Objective: Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) is a triterpenoid, which is the main component of boswellic acid from Boswellia Serrata, a medicinal plant that has shown immense potential in anti-cancer therapy. This study aims to explore the roles and molecular mechanisms of AKBA on cell behavior in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.

Materials And Methods: The effects of AKBA on the cell viability in A549, H460, H1299, and BEAS-2B cells were determined by the CCK-8 assay.

Role of ferroptosis in the process of acute radiation-induced lung injury in mice.

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the most common and fatal complications of thoracic radiotherapy. Cell death is the critical point in RILI. Ferroptosis is discovered recently as a new type of cell death which is different from other forms.

MiR-302a-5p suppresses cell proliferation and invasion in non-small cell lung carcinoma by targeting ITGA6.

MicroRNA-302a-5p (miR-302a-5p) has been implicated in several cancers; however, its role in human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) remains unknown. In this study, we showed that miR-302a-5p is downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays showed that overexpression of a miR-302a-5p mimic suppressed NSCLC cell proliferation, which was confirmed by the results of a cell cycle assay.