Biomass-derived carbon materials for vanadium redox flow battery: From structure to property.

Biomass-derived carbon (BDC) materials are suitable as electrode or catalyst materials for vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB), owing to the characteristics of vast material sources, environmental friendliness, and multifarious structures. A timely and comprehensive review of the structure and property significantly facilitates the development of BDC materials. Here, the paper starts with the preparation of biomass materials, including carbonization and activation.

Highly Efficient Cd Removal Using Tobermorite with pH Self-Adjustment Ability from Aqueous Solution.

Cadmium (Cd), as a type of heavy metal, can increase the incidence of many diseases, even in low concentrations. In this study, tobermorite was hydrothermally synthesized and then applied to adsorb Cd from an aqueous solution. The physicochemical characteristics of the synthesized tobermorite were detected, and the results indicated that the well-crystallized tobermorite had a lot of mesopores and a large specific surface area of 140.

Activation of the P62-Keap1-NRF2 Pathway Protects against Ferroptosis in Radiation-Induced Lung Injury.

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the most common, serious, and dose-limiting toxicities of thoracic radiotherapy. A primary cause for this is the radiation-induced cell death. Ferroptosis is a recently recognized form of regulated cell death, characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Multiomics Differences in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients with High Radiosensitivity Index Compared with Those with Low Radiosensitivity Index.

Objectives: Radiosensitivity Index (RSI) can predict intrinsic radiotherapy sensitivity. We analyzed multiomics characteristics in lung squamous cell carcinoma between high and low RSI groups, which may help understand the underlying molecular mechanism of radiosensitivity and guide optional treatment for patients in the future.

Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data were used to download clinical data, mRNA, microRNA, and lncRNA expression.

The Preliminary Study for Postoperative Radiotherapy Survival Associated with and Expression in Lung Cancer.

Background: Many studies have reported that the inflammatory immune response related to signaling activation participates in tumor development and affects the treatment outcome. functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating DNA methylation. protein plays an important role in TGF-β signaling pathway that is involved in tumor growth inhibition and apoptosis.

Ferroptosis inhibitor alleviates Radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF) via down-regulation of TGF-β1.

Background: Radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF) is a severe and life-threatening complication of thoracic radiotherapy. Cell death is the key issue in RILF. Ferroptosis is a form programmed cell death implicated in the pathologies of inflammation.

Dynamic contrast enhanced‑magnetic resonance imaging for the early evaluation of the response to docetaxel in rats with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Dynamic contrast enhanced‑magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‑MRI) contributes to the early detection and prediction of responses to chemotherapy in cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the feasibility of quantitative DCE‑MRI parameters for noninvasively predicting the early response to DTX in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). In the present study, using 7,12‑dimethylbenz (A) anthracene, orthotopic EOC was induced in Sprague Dawley rats.

[6]-Gingerol enhances the cisplatin sensitivity of gastric cancer cells through inhibition of proliferation and invasion via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is a widely used chemotherapeutic regimen for gastric cancer; however, drug resistance limits its efficacy. [6]-Gingerol has been found to exhibit anticancer effects. Here, we aim to explore the potential of [6]-gingerol in combination with cisplatin as a new regimen for gastric cancer.

Diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion kurtosis imaging for early evaluation of the response to docetaxel in rat epithelial ovarian cancer.

Background: To investigate diffusion-weighted magnetic imaging (DWI) and diffusion kurtosis magnetic imaging (DKI) for the early detection of the response to docetaxel (DTX) chemotherapy in rat epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Methods: 7,12-Dimethylbenz[A]anthracene was applied to induce orthotopic EOC in Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats with EOC were treated with DTX on day 0 (treatment group) or were left untreated (control group).

TLR9 signaling activation at different stages in colorectal cancer and NF-kappaB expression.

Background: The relationship of inflammation and tumor is becoming more and more important in the study on the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. The role of TLR9-mediated immune inflammation reaction in the process is not currently clear. The purpose of the study was to discuss the correlation of TLR9 signal activation with tumor progression by detecting the expression of TLR9 and its downstream molecule NF-kappaB in colorectal cancer tissues at different stages.

Antitumor effects of nadroparin combined with radiotherapy in Lewis lung cancer models.

Background: The beneficial antitumor effects of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) have previously been investigated in basic and clinical studies. In this study, the antitumor efficacy of nadroparin combined with radiotherapy was investigated in vivo.

Methods: A total of 48 tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into six groups (n=8 per group): control group, irradiation group (X), LMWH group, LMWH group, LMWH+X group and LMWH+X group.

HSPA12B overexpression induces cisplatin resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer by regulating the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Although cisplatin (CDDP) is widely used for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment, resistance remains a major problem that restricts its efficacy. Therefore, identification of drugs that reverse or prevent resistance to CDDP in NSCLC has been a focus of a number of studies. The results of the present study revealed the effect of heat shock protein family A member 12B (HSPA12B) overexpression on chemoresistance in A549 cells .

Toll-like receptor 9 activation by CpG oligodeoxynucleotide 7909 enhances the radiosensitivity of A549 lung cancer cells via the p53 signaling pathway.

Unmethylated cytosine-phosphorothioate-guanine (CpG)-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) are synthetic DNA sequences that mimic bacterial DNA, and are known to serve as ligands for Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). The interaction between a CpG ODNs with TLR9 activates the complex downstream cascade that contributes to exerting its function. In the present study, the results of clonogenic assays demonstrated that the activation of TLR9 by CpG ODNs significantly increased the radiosensitivity of A549 lung cancer cells, with a sensitivity enhancement ratio (SER) of 1.

[6]-Gingerol enhances the radiosensitivity of gastric cancer via G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis induction.

Ionizing radiation (IR) is the main modality for locoregional control of unresectable gastric cancer (GC). [6]-Gingerol is an active major phenolic compound isolated from ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), and it has been demonstrated to possess antitumor activity in previous studies. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the potential activity of [6]-gingerol as a radiosensitizer and to further explore the underlying mechanism.

Analgecine enhances the anti-tumor response of radiotherapy by increasing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in non-small cell lung cancer.

We investigated whether Analgecine treatment enhanced the antitumor response of radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) xenograft mice treated with Analgecine plus irradiation showed reduced tumor growth and increased survival. Tumor cell apoptosis was enhanced by Analgecine, based on TUNEL assays.

Knockdown of the M2 Isoform of Pyruvate Kinase (PKM2) with shRNA Enhances the Effect of Docetaxel in Human NSCLC Cell Lines In Vitro.

Purpose: The aim of our study was to explore the relationships between the M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) and the sensitivity of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells to docetaxel in vitro.

Materials And Methods: With the method of plasmid transfection, we silenced the expression of PKM2 successfully in A549 and H460 cells. Western blotting and real-time PCR were applied to detect PKM2 expression at protein and gene levels.

Combination of nadroparin with radiotherapy results in powerful synergistic antitumor effects in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.

Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), which are commonly used in venous thromboprophylaxis and treatment, have recently been reported to have effects on cancer metastasis in pre-clinical research studies. This study was planned to define the synergistic antitumor effects of nadroparin (a kind of LMWH) combined with radiotherapy in A549 cells. Six experimental groups were set up in our study according to the different treatment: control group; irradiation (IR) group; low dose of nadroparin group (LMWH50, L50); high dose of nadroparin group (LMWH100, L100); LMWH50+IR group; LMWH100+IR group.

Efficacy and safety of adding an agent to bevacizumab/taxane regimens for the first-line treatment of Her2-negative patients with locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer: results from seven randomized controlled trials.

Background: The combined therapy of bevacizumab (BEV) with taxane (paclitaxel or docetaxel) has shown an improvement on progression-free survival (PFS) and objective remission in Her2-negative patients with locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer (LR/MBC). However, there was no benefit in overall survival (OS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding an agent to the BEV/taxane regimens for the treatment of Her2-negative patients with LR/MBC in a first-line setting.

Effects of CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide 1826 on transforming growth factor-beta 1 and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.

Background: Cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) are synthetic DNA fragments containing unmethylated cytosine-guanine motifs with potential immune modulatory effects and have recently been suggested to enhance sensitivity to traditional therapies in lung cancer. This study aimed to examine the effects of CpG ODN1826 on transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1) and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.

Methods: The radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model was established by a single dose of 20 Gy, 6 MV X-rays exposure to the left lung.

Effects of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide 1826 on acute radiation-induced lung injury in mice.

Background: The radiation-induced lung injury is a common complication from radiotherapy in lung cancer. CpG ODN is TLR9 activator with potential immune modulatory effects and sensitization of radiotherapy in lung cancer. This study aimed to examine the effect of CpG ODN on acute radiation-induced lung injury in mice.

CpG oligodeoxyribonucleotide 7909 enhances radiosensitivity via downregulating Oct-4 expression in radioresistant lung cancer cells.

Radiotherapy is a powerful cure for local advanced non-small cell lung cancer. However, radioresistance and tumor relapse still occur in a high proportion of patients. Octamer-4 (Oct-4), a transcription factor of the POU family, plays a key role in maintaining chemoradioresistant properties and regulating cancer progression.

The effect of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase-dependent hyperphosphorylation of checkpoint kinase-2 on oligodeoxynucleotide 7909 containing CpG motifs-enhanced sensitivity to X-rays in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.

Objective: The aim of the study reported here was to further investigate the potential effect of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase-dependent hyperphosphorylation of checkpoint kinase-2 (Chk2) on radiosensitivity enhanced by oligodeoxynucleotide 7909 containing CpG motifs (CpG ODN7909) in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.

Methods: In vitro A549 cells were randomly separated into control, CpG, X-ray, CpG+ X-ray, ATM kinase-small interfering RNA (siRNA)+CpG+X-ray (ATM-siRNA), and Chk2-siRNA+CpG+X-ray (Chk2-siRNA) groups. siRNAs were adopted to silence the ATM and Chk2 genes.

Ubiquitin-like prokaryotic MoaD as a fusion tag for expression of heterologous proteins in Escherichia coli.

Background: Eukaryotic ubiquitin and SUMO are frequently used as tags to enhance the fusion protein expression in microbial host. They increase the solubility and stability, and protect the peptides from proteolytic degradation due to their stable and highly conserved structures. Few of prokaryotic ubiquitin-like proteins was used as fusion tags except ThiS, which enhances the fusion expression, however, reduces the solubility and stability of the expressed peptides in E.

Dose-effect relationship of CpG oligodeoxyribonucleotide 1826 in murine Lewis lung cancer treated with irradiation.

Background: Cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs), which induce signaling via Toll-like receptor 9, have recently been suggested to enhance sensitivity to traditional therapies, including chemotherapy, in certain cancer cell lines. This study aimed to define the dose-effect relationship for CpG ODN 1826 in increasing radiosensitivity and its impact on immune function in a mouse model of Lewis lung cancer.

Methods: The tumor-bearing mouse model was induced by injecting Lewis lung cancer cells into the right anterior leg subcutaneously.