Breakfast consumption behavior was positively associated with cognitive function in Chinese adults aged 55 years and above.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between breakfast consumption behavior and cognitive function in Chinese adults aged 55 years and above, and the mediating effect of diet quality.

Methods: Data were drawn from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2015, and 2018. Participants aged 55 years and above who had at least two waves of completed data on dietary measures and cognitive assessments were eligible.

Evaluation of dermatologic adverse events associated with aromatase inhibitors: insights from the FAERS database.

Background: This study evaluates the risk of dermatologic adverse events (AEs) associated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) through an analysis of data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: FAERS data from Q1 2004 to Q2 2024 were analyzed for dermatologic AEs related to AIs. A disproportionality analysis using reporting odds ratio (ROR) assessed AE risk, and the time to onset of these AEs was examined.

Spatial multi-omics analysis of tumor-stroma boundary cell features for predicting breast cancer progression and therapy response.

Background: The tumor boundary of breast cancer represents a highly heterogeneous region. In this area, the interactions between malignant and non-malignant cells influence tumor progression, immune evasion, and drug resistance. However, the spatial transcriptional profile of the tumor boundary and its role in the prognosis and treatment response of breast cancer remain unclear.

Association between respiratory pathogens and severe clinical outcomes in people living with HIV-1 and pulmonary infections: A 180-day longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Many respiratory pathogens have been identified in people living with HIV-1 and pulmonary infection, but their impact on clinical outcomes remains largely unclear.

Methods: Metagenomic sequencing and traditional laboratory diagnostics were applied to identify bacterial, viral, and fungal respiratory pathogens. Clinical outcomes were assessed by (i) mortality or ICU transfer during hospitalization, and (ii) 30-day re-hospitalization and 180-day mortality after hospital discharge.

Analysis of the inflammatory storm response and heparin binding protein levels for the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

Background: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a complication of impaired neurologic function during the development of sepsis. Its occurrence is closely related to severe systemic infection. The increase of serum Interleukin 6 kit and other inflammatory cytokines has certain clinical significance in the diagnosis of sepsis, However, there is no research at home or abroad indicating whether the high expression of related inflammatory cytokines (inflammatory cytokine storm, ICS) is valuable for the diagnosis and prognosis of SAE patients.

[Amount, sources and distribution of protein intake in Chinese adults aged 60 years and above in 15 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in 2018].

Objective: To analyze the amount, sources, and meal distribution of protein intake in Chinese adults aged ≥ 60 in 15 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities) in 2018.

Methods: A multistage, random cluster design was employed in China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2018. A total of 4941 participants aged ≥60 years were included in the analysis.

Impact of thoracoscopic segmental lung resection versus wedge on early post-operative recovery and short-term prognosis in elderly patients with early non-small cell lung cancer: A retrospective non-randomised controlled cohort study.

Introduction: The post-operative rehabilitation and prognostic indexes of thoracoscopic segmental resection and wedge resection in the treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were retrospectively analysed. The objective of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of early-stage NSCLC in the elderly.

Patients And Methods: One hundred and twenty elderly patients diagnosed with early-stage NSCLC in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were selected as study subjects.

ABA-auxin cascade regulates crop root angle in response to drought.

Enhancing drought resistance through the manipulation of root system architecture (RSA) in crops represents a crucial strategy for addressing food insecurity challenges. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays important roles in drought tolerance; yet, its molecular mechanisms in regulating RSA, especially in cereal crops, remain unclear. In this study, we report a new mechanism whereby ABA mediates local auxin biosynthesis to regulate root gravitropic response, thereby controlling the alteration of RSA in response to drought in cereal crops.

Fumonisins in maize and its products from Dalian region, China, and risk assessment by deterministic and probabilistic approaches.

A total of 76 samples of maize and its products were collected in 2022-2023 to estimate dietary exposure of fumonisins (FBs) in Dalian region, China. The identification of FBs was performed by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The occurrences of FB, FB, FB, FB + FB + FB were 89.

β-Arrestin-2 enhances endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced glomerular endothelial cell injury by activating transcription factor 6 in diabetic nephropathy.

Background: Glomerular endothelial cell (GENC) injury is a characteristic of early-stage diabetic nephropathy (DN), and the investigation of potential therapeutic targets for preventing GENC injury is of clinical importance.

Aim: To investigate the role of β-arrestin-2 in GENCs under DN conditions.

Methods: Eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to induce DN.

Innovative Charge-Tuning for Highly Dispersed Pt Catalysts: Achieving Deep CO Removal in Industrial H Purification for Fuel Cells.

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells have strict requirements for the CO concentration in H-rich fuel gas. Here, from the perspective of industrial practicability, a highly dispersed Pt catalyst (2-4 nm) supported on activated carbon (AC), which was modified by electronic promoters (K) and structural promoters (isopropanol), is studied in detail. Compared with traditional metal oxide supports, the K-Pt/AC catalysts, which benefit from the tuned charge distribution, achieve a significant reduction of CO (from 1% to <0.

Enhancement of Catalytic Activity via Inevitable Reconstruction of the Ni-Mo Interface for Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation.

The inevitable oxidation of nickel-metal-based catalysts exposed to the air will lead to instability and poor reproducibility of a catalytic interface, which is usually ignored and greatly hinders their application for the catalysis of alkaline hydrogen oxidation. The details on the formation of a world-class nickel-based HOR catalyst Ni-MoO/C-500 are reported via an interfacial reconstruction triggered by passive oxidation upon air exposure. Interfacial reconstruction, initiated with various Ni-Mo metal ratios and annealing temperature, can fine-tune the Ni-Mo interface with an increased work function and a reduced d-band center.

Influence of Interface Type on Dynamic Deformation Behavior of 3D-Printed Heterogeneous Titanium Alloy Materials.

Using the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar technique, strain-limited dynamic compressive loading experiments were performed on TA1/TA15 heterostructure (HS) materials. The plastic deformation mechanisms, fracture forms, and energy absorption properties of an HS material with a metallurgical bonding interface (MB) and an HS material without a metallurgical bonding interface (NMB) are compared and analyzed. The results show that there is no significant difference between the two deformation mechanisms.

Root hairs facilitate rice root penetration into compacted layers.

Compacted soil layers adversely affect rooting depth and access to deeper nutrient and water resources, thereby impacting climate resilience of crop production and global food security. Root hair plays well-known roles in facilitating water and nutrient acquisition. Here, we report that root hair also contributes to root penetration into compacted layers.

Investigating the Immunogenic Cell Death-Dependent Subtypes and Prognostic Signature of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Unlabelled: Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising and effective method for treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, challenges still persist. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is considered a prospective treatment and potential combinational treatment strategy as it induces an anti-tumor immune response by presenting the antigenic epitopes of dead cells.

Temperature-Induced Interface Hybridization of WC Boosts NiCu Activity for Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction.

The development of non-precious hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) catalysts is a major challenge for the commercialization of Pt-free fuel cells. Herein, a temperature-induced phase hybridization method is reported that greatly improves the catalytic performance of NiCu alloy for the HOR. The migration of W atoms hybridizes the interface of tungsten oxide (WO) and tungsten carbide (WC) at the onset reduction temperature of WO, leading to a greatly weakened H binding energy and an optimized OH binding energy, which endows NiCuW/WO-WC@WC with favorable stability and CO resistance during HOR.

Distribution of daily protein intake and appendicular skeletal muscle mass in healthy free-living Chinese older adults.

Aims: Evidence regarding impact of protein intake distribution on skeletal muscle mass in older adults is limited and inconsistent. This study aims to investigate the relationship of evenness of dietary protein distribution and number of meals exceeding a threshold with appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) in healthy and free-living Chinese older adults.

Methods: Repeated measured data of 5689 adult participants aged ≥ 60 years from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) 2015 and 2018 waves were analyzed.

Ethylene regulates auxin-mediated root gravitropic machinery and controls root angle in cereal crops.

Root angle is a critical factor in optimizing the acquisition of essential resources from different soil depths. The regulation of root angle relies on the auxin-mediated root gravitropism machinery. While the influence of ethylene on auxin levels is known, its specific role in governing root gravitropism and angle remains uncertain, particularly when Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) core ethylene signaling mutants show no gravitropic defects.

Equivalent Heat Treatments and Mechanical Properties in Cold-Rolled TiNiFe Shape-Memory Alloys.

Heat treatments after cold rolling for TiNiFe shape-memory alloys have been compared. After EBSD analysis and as calculated by the Avrami model and Arrhenius equation, the relationship between the heat-treatment temperature and manufacturing time of TiNiFe alloys is established. Through calculation, it can be found that TiNiFe alloys can obtain similar microstructures under the annealing processes of 823 K for 776 min, 827 K for 37 min, and 923 K for 12.

Patient-derived bladder cancer organoid model to predict sensitivity and feasibility of tailored precision therapy.

Background: Bladder cancer is a common and highly heterogeneous malignant tumor with a relatively poor prognosis. Thus, personalized treatment strategies for bladder cancer are essential for improving patient outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We developed an efficient 3-dimensional in vitro organoid culture system for bladder cancer organoids (BCOs), which maintains the homology with the original patient tumors and the heterogeneity between different individuals.

Efficacy and safety of olaparib combined with abiraterone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Olaparib has been proven for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of olaparib and abiraterone in patients with mCRPC.

Methods: The literature in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up until April 27, 2023, was systematically searched.

Enhanced microwave metrology using an optical grating in Rydberg atoms.

An enhanced measurement of the microwave (MW) electric (E) field is proposed using an optical grating in Rydberg atoms. Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of Rydberg atoms appears driven by a probe field and a control field. The EIT transmission spectrum is modulated by an optical grating.

Rescue therapy with an albuvirtide-based antiretroviral regimen in an HIV-infected child with multidrug resistance and multiple opportunistic infections: a case report.

Background: Managing multidrug-resistant (MDR) HIV infections in children is particularly challenging due to the lack of experience with new drugs in the pediatric setting. Second-line albuvirtide (ABT) with an optimized antiretroviral background therapy was approved for adults and adolescents after first-line treatment failure. This paper describes the treatment outcomes and adverse effects of an ABT-based dual-active antiretroviral treatment regimen in a child with MDR HIV strains.

Microwave Electrometry with Multi-Photon Coherence in Rydberg Atoms.

A scheme for the measurement of a microwave (MW) electric field is proposed via multi-photon coherence in Rydberg atoms. It is based on the three-photon electromagnetically induced absorption (TPEIA) spectrum. In this process, the multi-photon produces a narrow absorption peak, which has a larger magnitude than the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) peak under the same conditions.

[Trajectories of body mass index and risk of hypertension and blood pressure among Chinese adults].

Objective: To explore the relationship between trajectories of body mass index(BMI) and the risk of hypertension and blood pressure among Chinese adults.

Methods: The current study was based on data from 10 waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1991 to 2018. A multistage stratified random sample was used in this study.