Application of a self-made liver suspension device in 3D laparoscopic non-anatomical resection of liver segment VI and VII tumors.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a novel self-designed liver suspension device in three-dimensional (3D) laparoscopic non-anatomical (NAR) resection for tumors in hepatic segments VI and VII.

Methods: Clinical records of 79 patients undergoing NAR resection of hepatic segments VI and VII at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University (June 2016-December 2021) were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were stratified into the Suspension Device Laparoscopic Group (SDLG), utilizing the self-designed suspension device for 3D-guided resection, and the Conventional Laparoscopic Group (CLG).

Successful cryoablation for a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor in the maxilla causing tumor-induced osteomalacia: a case report.

Background: A 35-year-old man was diagnosed with tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) caused by a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT) in the right maxilla. The patient underwent CT-guided cryoablation at our institution, which successfully eradicated the tumor while preserving the pulpal vitality of adjacent teeth. We describe the clinical history, physical examination findings, laboratory tests, functional imaging, and follow-up protocol for evaluating treatment outcomes.

Labor-Efficient Pathological Auxiliary Diagnostic Model for Primary and Metastatic Tumor Tissue Detection in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Accurate histopathological evaluation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), including primary tumor lesions and lymph node metastases, is critical for prognostic evaluation and personalized therapeutic strategies. Distinct from other solid tumors, PDAC presents unique diagnostic challenges owing to its extensive desmoplasia, unclear tumor boundary, and difficulty in differentiating from chronic pancreatitis. These characteristics not only complicate pathological diagnosis but also hinder the acquisition of pixel-level annotations required for training computational pathology models.

Single cell atlas reveals multilayered metabolic heterogeneity across tumour types.

Background: Metabolic reprogramming plays a pivotal role in cancer progression, contributing to substantial intratumour heterogeneity and influencing tumour behaviour. However, a systematic characterization of metabolic heterogeneity across multiple cancer types at the single-cell level remains limited.

Methods: We integrated 296 tumour and normal samples spanning six common cancer types to construct a single-cell compendium of metabolic gene expression profiles and identify cell type-specific metabolic properties and reprogramming patterns.

3D genomic mapping reveals multifocality of human pancreatic precancers.

Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs) are the most common precursors of pancreatic cancer, but their small size and inaccessibility in humans make them challenging to study. Critically, the number, dimensions and connectivity of human PanINs remain largely unknown, precluding important insights into early cancer development. Here, we provide a microanatomical survey of human PanINs by analysing 46 large samples of grossly normal human pancreas with a machine-learning pipeline for quantitative 3D histological reconstruction at single-cell resolution.

Three-dimensional genomic mapping of human pancreatic tissue reveals striking multifocality and genetic heterogeneity in precancerous lesions.

Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) is a precursor to pancreatic cancer and represents a critical opportunity for cancer interception. However, the number, size, shape, and connectivity of PanINs in human pancreatic tissue samples are largely unknown. In this study, we quantitatively assessed human PanINs using CODA, a novel machine-learning pipeline for 3D image analysis that generates quantifiable models of large pieces of human pancreas with single-cell resolution.

Pancreatic stellate cells exploit Wnt/β-catenin/TCF7-mediated glutamine metabolism to promote pancreatic cancer cells growth.

Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are crucial for metabolism and disease progression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, detailed mechanisms of PSCs in glutamine (Gln) metabolism and tumor-stromal metabolic interactions have not been well clarified. Here we showed that tumor tissues displayed Gln deficiency in orthotopic PDAC models.

Noninvasive detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma using the methylation signature of circulating tumour DNA.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has the lowest overall survival rate primarily due to the late onset of symptoms and rapid progression. Reliable and accurate tests for early detection are lacking. We aimed to develop a noninvasive test for early PDAC detection by capturing the circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) methylation signature in blood.

Investigation of clinical application of claudin 18 isoform 2 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: A retrospective analysis of 302 chinese patients.

The malignancy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) results from high frequency of recurrence and limited effective therapies. Targeted therapy is a promising treatment in multiple solid tumours. A new target, claudin 18 isoform 2 (CLDN18.

30-Year Experience With 22 Cases of Malignant Transformation Arising From Ovarian Mature Cystic Teratoma: A Rare Disease.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with malignant transformation arising from ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MT-MCT).

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with ovarian MCTs at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) during 1990.01-2020.

Multi-omics analysis of intra-tumoural and inter-tumoural heterogeneity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

The poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with the tumour heterogeneity. To explore intra- and inter-tumoural heterogeneity in PDAC, we analysed the multi-omics profiles of 61 PDAC lesion samples, along with the matched pancreatic normal tissue samples, from 19 PDAC patients. Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining revealed that diversely differentiated lesions coexisted both within and across individual tumours.

RNA mA Demethylase ALKBH5 Protects Against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Targeting Regulators of Iron Metabolism.

Although RNA mA regulators have been implicated in the tumorigenesis of several different types of tumors, including pancreatic cancer, their clinical relevance and intrinsic regulatory mechanism remain elusive. This study analyzed eight mA regulators (METTL3, METTL14, WTAP, FTO, ALKBH5, and YTHDF1-3) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and found that only RNA mA demethylase ALKBH5 serves as an independent favorable prognostic marker for this tumor. To better understand the molecular mechanism underlying the protective effect conferred by ALKBH5 against pancreatic tumorigenesis, we performed a transcriptome-wide analysis of mA methylation, gene expression, and alternative splicing (AS) using the MIA PaCa-2 stable cell line with ALKBH5 overexpression.

Comprehensive analysis of oncogenic fusions in mismatch repair deficient colorectal carcinomas by sequential DNA and RNA next generation sequencing.

Background: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) harboring oncogenic fusions has been reported to be highly enriched in mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) tumors with MLH1 hypermethylation (MLH1) and wild-type BRAF and RAS. In this study, dMMR CRCs were screened for oncogene fusions using sequential DNA and RNA next generation sequencing (NGS).

Results: Comprehensive analysis of fusion variants, genetic profiles and clinicopathological features in fusion-positive dMMR CRCs was performed.

Identification and Validation of Immune Molecular Subtypes in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Implications for Prognosis and Immunotherapy.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains treatment refractory. Immunotherapy has achieved success in the treatment of multiple malignancies. However, the efficacy of immunotherapy in PDAC is limited by a lack of promising biomarkers.

DNA Methylation Haplotype Block Markers Efficiently Discriminate Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma from Follicular Adenoma.

Context: Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is the second most common type of thyroid carcinoma and must be pathologically distinguished from benign follicular adenoma (FA). Additionally, the clinical assessment of thyroid tumors with uncertain malignant potential (TT-UMP) demands effective indicators.

Objective: We aimed to identify discriminating DNA methylation markers between FA and FTC.

A new prognosis prediction model combining TNM stage with MAP2K4 and JNK in postoperative pancreatic cancer patients.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MAP2K4) is a tumor suppressor in many cancers. However, its roles and action mechanisms in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remain unclear. Here, we analyzed MAP2K4 and its downstream kinases (c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38) using immunohistochemical staining and their prognostic significances using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis in our PDAC cohort.

DNA Mismatch Repair Deficiency Detection in Colorectal Cancer by a New Microsatellite Instability Analysis System.

Background: Although microsatellite instability (MSI) is most commonly detected in colorectal cancer (CRC), improvement in MSI analysis method can always help us better assessing MSI phenotypes and gaining useful information in challenging cases. The purpose of current study is to explore whether the ProDx® MSI analysis System (ProDx® MSI) can improve MSI classification in CRC.

Methods: We compared the MSI profiles of 97 FFPE samples from CRC patients by ProDx® MSI with Promega MSI analysis System 1.

Upregulation of nucleoprotein AHNAK is associated with poor outcome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma prognosis via mediating epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

The nucleoprotein AHNAK (AHNAK) is a large scaffold protein that is involved in several biological processes. Previous studies have suggested a possible relation between AHNAK and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the role of AHNAK in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has not been unveiled.

Mutation profiles of follicular thyroid tumors by targeted sequencing.

Background: One of the major challenges remaining in the classification of thyroid tumor is the determination of whether a nodule is benign or malignant. We aimed to characterize the mutational profiles of follicular thyroid tumor and to identify markers with potential diagnostic and prognostic implications.

Methods: Targeted sequencing with a panel of 18 thyroid cancer-related genes was performed on 48 tissue samples from follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA), 32 follicular tumors of uncertain malignant potential (FT-UMP), 17 well-differentiated tumors of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP) and 53 samples from follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC).

Comparison of surgical treatments of tumor-induced osteomalacia in different locations in the lower limbs: A retrospective study.

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare disease that behaves benignly. Very few reports about the features of the responsible tumors according to anatomical locations have been presented.In this retrospective study of 53 patients with TIO-associated tumors in the foot/ankle, tibia and femur, we compared preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up courses, including alkaline phosphatase, phosphorus, and fibroblast growth factor 23, to compare the characteristics of TIO-associated tumors in these 3 locations (level of evidence: therapeutic level III).

Prevalence of recurrent oncogenic fusion in mismatch repair-deficient colorectal carcinoma with hypermethylated MLH1 and wild-type BRAF and KRAS.

Oncogenic fusions are rare in colorectal carcinomas, but may be important for prognosis and therapy. An effective strategy for screening targetable oncogenic fusions in colorectal carcinomas is needed. Here, we investigate molecular genetic alterations in colorectal carcinomas based on their DNA mismatch repair status, and to effectively screen for targetable oncogenic fusions in colorectal carcinomas.

Instilled air promotes lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury.

Optimization of intratracheal instillation is necessary to establish an ideal animal model of acute lung injury (ALI) in order to further reveal the cellular and molecular pathogenesis of ALI. It is possible that instilling air from a prefilled syringe may promote the delivery of reagents into the alveolar spaces, resulting in different pulmonary responses. In the present study, the influence of instilling air by trans-tracheal intratracheal instillation in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model of ALI was investigated.