Physical model test on soil slopes under the effect of bedrock fault dislocations.

Bedrock fault dislocations significantly influence the rupture instability of rock and soil slopes adjacent to fault zones. Understanding the dynamic processes, kinematic characteristics, and genesis mechanisms of landslides induced by strong seismic fault dislocations is crucial for advancing the theoretical framework of landslide studies. This paper presents a representative experiment simulating the emergence of seismic faults (internal rupture belts within the soil mass) at the shoulders and toes of slopes due to bedrock fault dislocations.

Classification of familial and non-familial ADHD using auto-encoding network and binary hypothesis testing.

Family history is one the most powerful risk factor for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), yet no study has tested whether multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) combined with deep learning can separate familial ADHD (ADHD-F) and non-familial ADHD (ADHD-NF). T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted MRI data from 438 children (129 ADHD-F, 159 ADHD-NF, and 150 controls) were parcellated into 425 cortical and white-matter metrics. Our pipeline combined three feature-selection steps (t-test filtering, mutual-information ranking, and Lasso) with an auto-encoder and applied the binary-hypothesis strategy throughout; each held-out subject was assigned both possible labels in turn and evaluated under leave-one-out testing nested within five-fold cross-validation.

4-PBD: a probe beam deflection system with quadruple coupling length for acoustic detection.

In this Letter, we present a quadruple acousto-optic coupling length-enhanced acoustic detection system, i.e.,4-PBD, based on light probe beam deflection methodology.

Tumor evolution and immune microenvironment dynamics in primary and relapsed mantle cell lymphoma.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare but often aggressive type of B cell lymphoma with a high risk of relapse. To explore intratumoral clonal diversity and tumor evolution related to disease relapse, we integrate single-cell RNA and B cell receptor sequencing with whole-genome sequencing in 20 diagnosed/untreated and/or relapsed samples from 11 MCL patients. Our results reveal significant intratumor heterogeneity in MCL already at diagnosis.

A Hybrid Ensemble Equilibrium Optimizer Gene Selection Algorithm for Microarray Data.

As modern medical technology advances, the utilization of gene expression data has proliferated across diverse domains, particularly in cancer diagnosis and prognosis monitoring. However, gene expression data is often characterized by high dimensionality and a prevalence of redundant and noisy information, prompting the need for effective strategies to mitigate issues like the curse of dimensionality and overfitting. This study introduces a novel hybrid ensemble equilibrium optimizer gene selection algorithm in response.

HLA-DQA1*03:02-DQB1*03:03 is the Dominant Immunogenic Heterodimer for Posttransplant HLA-DQ De Novo DSA Development in a Cohort of Chinese Kidney Transplant Patients.

Background: Eplets, acting as specificity determinants on donor HLA antigen molecules, may induce the formation of de novo donor-specific antibodies (dnDSAs) by the recipient's B cells posttransplantation. HLA-DQ DSAs are the most common type of DSAs that target mismatched donor HLA-DQ antigens. The HLA-DQ protein exists as a heterodimer, consisting of HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 molecules.

Study on the correlation between proton transfer of phenolic hydroxyl groups of 6 flavonoid compounds and their antioxidant activities.

This study investigated six flavonoids' photophysical properties in various environments, revealing their pKa variations (e.g., quercetin: 7.

Inhibition of Circadian Rhythm Gene Promotes Macrophage Infiltration in e‑Cigarette Aerosol-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice.

Although electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are a substitute for traditional cigarettes, increasing studies indicate that e-cigarettes are unsafe. Here, we first analyzed the constituents of e-cigarette liquid (e-liquid) and e-liquid vaping-produced aerosols (e-aerosols) by gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC/Q-TOF MS) and inductively coupled plasma-MS (ICP-MS), and our result indicated that the components of e-aerosols differed from those of e-liquid. However, there is insufficient evidence on the toxicity of e-aerosols; therefore, an animal study was conducted accordingly.

Long-term real-world PM 2.5 exposure induces depression-like behaviors in mice by disrupting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-mediated astrocyte-to-microglia communication.

Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) may increase the risk of neurotoxicity in human populations. However, research studies on the underlying mechanisms of chronic PM 2.

The Urate-Lowering Effects and Renal Protective Activity of Iridoid Glycosides from in Rats with Hyperuricemia-Induced Kidney Injury: A Pharmacological and Molecular Docking Study.

(1) Background: The urate-lowering effects of three iridoid glycosides, which are paederosidic acid, paederosidic acid methyl ester, and paederoside, isolated from and the protection they provide against hyperuricemia-induced kidney injury were investigated in a rat model. (2) Methods: A hyperuricemia (HUA) rat model was established in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats through intraperitoneal potassium oxonate (PO) and intragastrical adenine for 2 weeks. Subsequently, rats in the pharmaceutical intervention groups received corresponding drug treatments at a concentration of 40 mg/kg/day, maintained consistently for 7 days.

Underwater monitoring based on ACE-DCP enhancement and YOLOv8 detection.

The occurrence of blooms poses a potential hazard to both human society and the ecological environment, particularly concerning the safety of cooling systems in coastal nuclear power plants. However, current ecological monitoring techniques fail to dynamically detect the densities of solitary cells of prior to the blooms, thus hindering timely interventions. This study proposes a framework for harmful algae monitoring by integrating underwater microscopic imaging, image processing, and object detection.

A pragmatic monitoring model for risk of non-relapse mortality based on biomarkers in patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.

Biomarkers predict non-relapse mortality (NRM) primarily driven by acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), yet existing single time point models lack clinical adaptability. In a prospective observational multicentre Chinese cohort of 619 allo-HSCT patients, serum concentrations of suppressor of tumorigenesis 2 (ST2), regenerating islet-derived 3α, tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 were measured at multiple time points during the first 3 months post-transplantation. Cohorts were divided into modelling (n = 460, training/test) and validation (n = 159) sets.

Whole-genome sequencing reveals three follicular lymphoma subtypes with distinct cell of origin and patient outcomes.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is characterized by clinical, phenotypic, and genetic heterogeneity. Here, we conduct whole-genome sequencing on 131 Chinese FL samples and identify three clinically relevant genetic subtypes. These include C1, associated with favorable prognoses and enriched for BCL6-related translocations and mutations in the NOTCH/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/immune evasion pathways; C2, characterized by BCL2-IGH translocations and mutations in chromatin modifiers; and C3, associated with poorer prognosis, lacking BCL2-IGH/BCL6-related translocations but exhibiting more copy number variations.

CAS-Colon: A Comprehensive Colonoscopy Anatomical Segmentation Dataset for Artificial Intelligence Development.

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds immense potential to transform gastrointestinal endoscopy by reducing manual workload and enhancing procedural efficiency. However, the development of robust AI algorithms is hindered by limited access to high-quality medical datasets and the labor-intensive nature of data annotation. Here, we present CAS-Colon, a novel dataset comprising 78 high-resolution colonoscopy videos captured during the withdrawal phase.

Renji endoscopic submucosal dissection video data set for colorectal neoplastic lesions.

Artificial intelligence advancements have significantly enhanced computer-aided intervention, learning among surgeons, and analysis of surgical videos post-operation, substantially elevating surgical expertise and patient outcomes. Recognition systems for endoscopic surgical phases using deep learning algorithms heavily rely on comprehensive annotated datasets. Our research presents the Renji dataset featuring videos of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for colorectal neoplastic lesions (CNLs), which includes 30 procedural recordings with 130,298 phase-specific annotations collaboratively labeled by a team of three specialists in endoscopy.

Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase protects against acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure via BACH1-SCD1-oleic acid axis.

Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI) is a leading cause of acute liver failure, with limited preventive or therapeutic options. The role of betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT), a key enzyme in the methionine cycle, remains unclear. We found that BHMT, primarily expressed in hepatocytes, showed reduced expression in the liver but elevated serum levels in the APAP-induced liver injury (AILI) mouse model.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of finger millet (Eleusine coracana) provides insights into drought resistance.

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana Gaertn.), a nutritionally rich and drought-resilient C4 cereal, possesses exceptional grain storage longevity (up to 50 years). Here, we report a high-quality genome assembly of the allotetraploid cultivar C142, revealing extensive structural rearrangements between its two subgenomes (subA and subB), which are associated with asymmetric gene expression and subgenome dominance favoring subA.

Pericytes promote metastasis by regulating tumor local vascular tone and hemodynamics.

Hemodynamics are important for survival and extravasation of circulating tumor cells, whereas the effects of hemodynamics on tumor cell intravasation remain mostly unknown. Here, we show that colorectal cancer patients with liver metastasis are characterized by increased diameter and blood flow in the primary tumor compared with non-metastatic patients. A subpopulation of NKX2-3 tumor pericytes (TPCs) in the primary tumor is associated with hematogenous metastasis of patients.

Chirality-independent plasmon damping at nanoparticle interfaces.

Chemical interface damping (CID), a plasmon decay mechanism arising from interfacial chemical perturbations, has become a crucial design parameter in surface-enhanced spectroscopic techniques and single-molecule biosensor development. Despite its significance, the mechanistic interplay between chiral molecular adsorption and CID remains poorly understood, especially for small biomolecules on plasmonic nanoparticles. In this study, we systematically investigated the CID responses of L/D-cysteine enantiomers on gold nanorods using single-particle dark-field spectroscopy.

MMP-9 Activation via ROS/NF-κB Signaling in Colorectal Cancer Progression: Molecular Insights and Prognostic-Therapeutic Perspectives.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterized by complex interactions between inflammation, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) axis in promoting tumor invasion and metastasis in CRC, linking oxidative stress with inflammatory signaling and extracellular matrix degradation. In this study, we analyzed the concentration of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), expression of NF-κB, and the activity of MMP-9 in tumor tissue, adjacent tissue, and healthy control colon tissue.

Pericyte drives the formation of circulating tumour cell-neutrophil clusters to promote colorectal cancer metastasis.

Background: Circulating tumour cell (CTC)-neutrophil clusters represent a key driver and a hallmark of tumour metastasis; however, efficient approaches for their elimination are still lacking.

Objective: This study sought to elucidate the location and mechanisms of CTC-neutrophil cluster formation and develop more effective antimetastasis strategies.

Design: Immunofluorescence staining of clinical colorectal cancer (CRC) samples was performed to identify the location of CTC-neutrophil clusters.

Deep learning for automatic ICD coding: Review, opportunities and challenges.

Background: The automatic International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding task assigns unique medical codes to diseases in clinical texts for further data statistics, quality control, billing and other tasks. The efficiency and accuracy of medical code assignment is a significant challenge affecting healthcare. However, in clinical practice, Electronic Health Records (EHRs) data are usually complex, heterogeneous, non-standard and unstructured, and the manual coding process is time-consuming, laborious and error-prone.

Multi-kingdom microbial changes and their associations with the clinical characteristics in schizophrenia patients.

Accumulating evidence has highlighted alterations in the gut microbiome in schizophrenia (SZ); however, the role of multi-kingdom microbiota in SZ remains inadequately understood. In this study, we performed metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples from 36 SZ patients and 55 healthy controls (HC) to profile bacterial, fungal, archaeal, and viral communities, along with functional pathways. We also conducted co-occurrence network analysis to explore the relationships among differential microbial species and metabolic pathways separately.

The burden of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter in Europe from 1990 to 2021, with a forecast of incidence through 2044.

Background: The objective of this analysis was to assess the impact of atrial fibrillation (AF)/atrial flutter (AFL) across various European regions and countries from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: Using the global burden disease 2021 analytical tools, this study evaluated the incidence, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and death associated with AF/AFL across the European Region, as defined by the World Health Organization, which includes 53 member countries (EU-53), as well as the European Union, as defined in 2019, consisting of 28 member countries (EU-28) from 1990 to 2021.

Results: The EU-53, in 2021, there were 957,812 incident cases [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 773,898 to 1,178,186], 103,043 deaths (95% UI: 86,887 to 111,924), and 2,196,895 DALYs (95% UI: 1,847,967 to 2 596 530) attributed to AF/AFL.