Informed consent competency assessment for brain-computer interface clinical research and application in psychiatric disorders: A systematic review.

Background: Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology is rapidly advancing in psychiatry. Informed consent competency (ICC) assessment among psychiatric patients is a pivotal concern in clinical research.

Aim: To analyze the assessment of ICC and form a framework with multi-dimensional elements involved in ICC of BCI clinical research among psychiatric disorders.

Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase protects against acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure via BACH1-SCD1-oleic acid axis.

Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI) is a leading cause of acute liver failure, with limited preventive or therapeutic options. The role of betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT), a key enzyme in the methionine cycle, remains unclear. We found that BHMT, primarily expressed in hepatocytes, showed reduced expression in the liver but elevated serum levels in the APAP-induced liver injury (AILI) mouse model.

Development and Initial Validation of the Multi-dimensional Attention Rating Scale in Highly Educated Adults.

Objectives: To report the development, validation, and findings of the Multi-dimensional Attention Rating Scale (MARS), a self-report tool crafted to evaluate six-dimension attention levels.

Methods: The MARS was developed based on Classical Test Theory (CTT) , with initial item selection and content validation conducted by six experts in psychiatry and psychology using the Delphi method. Healthy adult participants were recruited to complete the MARS and related scales, along with on-site measures.

Challenges and Suggestions of Ethical Review on Clinical Research Involving Brain-Computer Interfaces.

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology is rapidly advancing in medical research and application. As an emerging biomedical engineering technology, it has garnered significant attention in the clinical research of brain disease diagnosis and treatment, neurological rehabilitation, and mental health. However, BCI also raises several challenges and ethical concerns in clinical research.

[Relationships among different types of ecosystem service in Southwest China].

Understanding the relationships among different ecosystem services is the basis for optimizing ecological protection strategy and achieving sustainable ecological management. Based on the ecosystem services and their spatial patterns in Southwest China, we analyzed tradeoffs and synergies of five ecosystem regulation services (water retention, soil retention, carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, and water purification) and five provision services (rice production, wheat production, corn production, vegetable production, and fruit production) using statistical analysis, ArcGIS technology and GeoDa software. Further, we identified the win-win areas of ecosystem servi-ces through overlay analysis, and discussing the influence of ecosystem types on win-win pattern.

The NADPH oxidase in Volvariella volvacea and its differential expression in response to mycelial ageing and mechanical injury.

NADPH oxidases are enzymes that have been reported to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in animals, plants and many multicellular fungi in response to environmental stresses. Six genes of the NADPH oxidase complex components, including vvnoxa, vvnoxb, vvnoxr, vvbema, vvrac1 and vvcdc24, were identified based on the complete genomic sequence of the edible fungus Volvariella volvacea. The number of vvnoxa, vvrac1, vvbema and vvcdc24 transcripts fluctuated with ageing, and the gene expression patterns of vvnoxa, vvrac1 and vvbema were significantly positively correlated.

[Ecological risk assessment of landslide disasters based on potential loss of ecosystem services].

Landslides are common geological calamities in mountainous regions, which not only threaten social and economic development and residents' safety but also cause ecosystem damage, with consequences on human welfare. A more comprehensive and systematic reference for disaster prevention and mitigation with ecosystem services loss as an index for the potential damage of ecosystem could aid the progress of landslide ecological risk assessment. Five provinces in Southwest China (Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Chongqing) have diverse landforms, complex stratum and lithology, and active geological tectonic movements, which are the most landslide prone areas in China.