Hydrogel Formation of Enzymatically Solubilized Corn Bran Feruloylated Arabinoxylan by Laccase-Catalyzed Cross-Linking.

In order to upgrade the potential of cereal bran arabinoxylan for advanced hydrogel applications, a deep understanding of its gelation process is required. This work provides a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the laccase-catalyzed cross-linking of feruloylated arabinoxylan (FAX) to establish a clear link between processing conditions and final hydrogel properties. Endo-1,4-xylanase was used to obtain corn bran FAX rich in ferulic acid moieties, and then we demonstrated that gel formation is driven by the oxidative coupling of these feruloyl monomers into diferulic acid bridges, e.

Innovative strategies for post-stroke depression: integrating traditional Chinese medicine with neurobiological insights, including the gut-brain axis.

Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a debilitating condition affecting more than one-third of stroke survivors, leading to significant impairments in mood, cognitive function, and overall quality of life. While conventional treatments like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used, their efficacy is often limited, and they are associated with adverse side effects. Emerging research underscores the critical roles of neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter imbalances, and disruptions in the gut-brain axis in the development and progression of PSD, suggesting that targeting these pathways could lead to more effective therapeutic outcomes.

Clusterzyme-Enabled Oxidative Stress Alleviation and Microglial Polarization Modulation for Efficient Ischemic Stroke Treatment.

Ischemic stroke (IS) presents a significant challenge to global health, as conventional reperfusion strategies aimed at restoring cerebral circulation paradoxically exacerbate neurological damage. This injury primarily results from the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the initiation of a widespread neuroinflammatory response. In this study, mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA)-coated bimetallic clusterzymes, containing an optimized ratio of AuAg nanoclusters (NCs), are developed for the targeted treatment of IS reperfusion injury.

Clonally unrelated HL-type RS manifested as hemophagocytic syndrome: a case report and literature review.

Hodgkin lymphoma variant of Richter syndrome (HL-type RS) is a very rare disease, in which chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) is transformed into novel Hodgkin lymphoma. The most important prognostic factor of HL-type RS is the clonal relationship between HL-type RS and the preexisting CLL/SLL. Detailed confirmation of clonally unrelated HL-type RS cases have not been reported.

Miniature Robots for Battling Bacterial Infection.

Micro/nanorobots have shown great promise for minimally invasive bacterial infection therapy. However, bacterial infections usually form biofilms inside the body by aggregation and adhesion, preventing antibiotic penetration and increasing the likelihood of recurrence. Moreover, a substantial portion of the infection happens in those hard-to-access regions, making delivery of antibiotics to infected sites or tissues difficult and exacerbating the challenge of addressing bacterial infections.

Polymeric nanocarriers delivery systems in ischemic stroke for targeted therapeutic strategies.

Ischemic stroke is a complex, high-mortality disease with multifactorial etiology and pathogenesis. Currently, drug therapy is mainly used treat ischemic stroke in clinic, but there are still some limitations, such as limited blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration efficiency, a narrow treatment time window and drug side effects. Recent studies have pointed out that drug delivery systems based on polymeric nanocarriers can effectively improve the insufficient treatment for ischemic stroke.

A biomimetic spore nanoplatform for boosting chemodynamic therapy and bacteria-mediated antitumor immunity for synergistic cancer treatment.

Bacterial-based antitumor immunity has become a promising strategy to activate the immune system for fighting cancer. However, the potential application of bacterial therapy is hindered by the presence of instability and susceptibility to infections within bacterial populations. Furthermore, monotherapy is ineffective in completely eliminating complex cancer with multiple contributing factors.

Cardiovascular mortality among patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a population-based study.

We aim to investigate cardiovascular mortality risk among diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients and explore cardiovascular mortality trends in the past decades in United States. We extracted data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database for adult patients diagnosed with DLBCL between 1975 and 2019. Standardized mortality ratio, joinpoint regression analysis, and competing risk model were analyzed.

Predicting long-term outcomes in patients with classical trigeminal neuralgia following microvascular decompression with an MRI-based radiomics nomogram: a multicentre study.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a clinical-radiomics nomogram to predict the long-term outcomes of patients with classical trigeminal neuralgia (CTN) following microvascular decompression (MVD).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 455 patients with CTN who underwent MVD from three independent institutions A total of 2030 radiomics features from the cistern segment of the trigeminal nerve were extracted computationally from the three-dimensional steady-state free precession and three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography sequences. Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, 16 features were chosen to develop radiomics signatures.

METTL3-mediated m6A methylation of C1qA regulates the Rituximab resistance of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells.

Rituximab has been incorporated into the standard treatment regimen for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and induces the death of tumor cells via complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). Unfortunately, the resistance of DLBCL cells to Rituximab limits its clinical usefulness. It remains unclear whether the complement system is related to Rituximab resistance in DLBCL.

Netrin-1 controls inflammation in response to ischemic stroke through altering microglia phenotype.

Introduction: The current approaches that are used to treat ischemic stroke suffer from poor targeting, lack of effectiveness, and potential off-target effects, necessitating the development of new therapeutic strategies to enhance neuronal cell survival and regeneration. This study aimed to investigate the role of microglial Netrin-1 in ischemic stroke, a topic that has not been fully understood.

Methods: Netrin-1 levels and its primary receptor expressions were investigated in cerebral microglia from acute ischemic stroke patients and age-matched control subjects.

lncRNA Regulates Proliferation and Migration by Targeting Matrix Gla Protein in Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip With or Without Cleft Palate.

Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a common craniofacial birth defect with complex etiologies. Recently, the dysregulation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been implicated in many developmental diseases, including NSCL/P. However, the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in NSCL/P have not been fully elucidated.

A TP63 mutation identified in a Han Chinese family with ectodermal dysplasia.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify a pathogenic mutation located in TP63 in a nuclear Han Chinese family.

Design: Whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify candidate variants. The AlphaFold and PyMOL predicted the three-dimensional structure of the protein.

Genetic variants in Mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 2 were associated with risk of NSCL/P.

Aim: Mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 2 (MST2) plays an important role in apoptosis and the development of many disorders. Here, we aim to explore if genetic variants in MST2 are associated with the risk of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P).

Materials And Methods: The association study was performed in a two-stage study of 1,069 cases and 1,724 controls to evaluate the association between genetic variants in the MST2 and NSCL/P risk.

Piezo1-mediated M2 macrophage mechanotransduction enhances bone formation through secretion and activation of transforming growth factor-β1.

Macrophages are multifunctional immune system cells that are essential for the mechanical stimulation-induced control of metabolism. Piezo1 is a non-selective calcium channel expressed in multifarious tissues to convey mechanical signals. Here, a cellular model of tension was used to study the effect of mechanical stretch on the phenotypic transformation of macrophages and its mechanism.

Netrin-1 attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by limiting mitochondrial ROS and Ca levels via activation of AKT phosphorylation and mitochondrial m-AAA protease AFG3L2.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury as the consequence of revascularization after ischemic stroke is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuron loss. In this study, we used a deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model to determine whether interactions between Netrin-1, AKT, and the mitochondrial AAA protease AFG3L2 could influence mitochondrial function in neurons after I/R. We found that Netrin-1 protects primary cortical neurons from OGD/R-induced cell death and regulates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca levels.

Factors associated with prolonged viral shedding in older patients infected with Omicron BA.2.2.

Background: This study explores the risk factors associated with viral shedding time in elderly Chinese patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) omicron.

Methods: Participants infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron were enrolled in a retrospective study, and divided into two groups according to shedding time (≥10 days, "late clearance group" and <10 days, "early clearance group").

Results: A total of 180 patients were enrolled in the study (88 early, 92 late), with a median viral shedding time of 10 days and a mean age of 77.

Associations between mixed urinary phenols and parabens metabolites and bone mineral density: Four statistical models.

Phenols and parabens widely exist in personal care and consumer products and have been proved to be endocrine disrupting chemicals that could disturb bone metabolism. The current studies focusing on the associations between phenols and parabens with bone mineral density (BMD) drew contradictory conclusions. Considering the bias might be due to not considering the effects of mixed exposure, we conducted the first cross-sectional study to investigate the associations of both single and mixed metabolites of phenols and parabens with BMD in three populations by setting up four models: generalized linear regression model (GLM), weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression model, quantile g-computation (qgcomp) model and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model, based on the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database.

The efficacy of paxlovid in elderly patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants: Results of a non-randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Paxlovid in treating Chinese elder patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants.

Materials And Methods: We performed a non-randomized, controlled trial in Shanghai, China. Participants infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants were enrolled.

Construction of tandem diabody (IL-6/CD20)-secreting human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and its experimental treatment on diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

Background: More than 40% patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) experienced relapse or refractory (R/R) lymphoma after the standard first R-CHOP therapy. IL-6 was reportedly associated with chemotherapy resistance of rituximab. Further, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known as the potential cell vehicle for their tropism toward tumor.

Negative correlations between bile reflux gastritis and infection.

Objective: There are a few articles to study the relationship between bile reflux gastritis (BRG) and infection, and the results are debatable. This study set out to determine the relationship between BRG and () infection.

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients from January, 1st 2013 to January, 1st, 2021 were divided into two groups based on whether they had BRG.

Profiling and Bioinformatics Analysis Revealing Differential Circular RNA Expression about Storage Lesion Regulatory in Stored Red Blood Cells.

Introduction: Circular RNA (circRNA) plays an important role in regulating metabolism of red blood cells (RBCs) and their storage lesions, but the study of how circRNA expression changes in stored RBCs has rarely been conducted.

Methods: The expression change of circRNA was systemically evaluated via high-throughput sequencing on healthy RBCs on day 0, 20, and 40. And then we confirmed the reliability of the high-throughput sequencing analysis by RT-qPCR characterization on selected circRNAs.

Heliox Preconditioning Exerts Neuroprotective Effects on Neonatal Ischemia/Hypoxia Injury by Inhibiting Necroptosis Induced by Ca Elevation.

Our previous studies have indicated that heliox preconditioning (HePC) may exert neuroprotective effects on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The present study was to investigate whether HePC alleviates neonatal HIE by inhibiting necroptosis and explore the potential mechanism. Seven-day-old rat pups were randomly divided into Sham group, HIE group, HIE + HePC group, HIE + Dantrolene (DAN) group, and HIE + Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) group.

Emerging Mechanisms and Targeted Therapy of Pyroptosis in Central Nervous System Trauma.

Cell death can occur in different modes, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. Recent studies have shown that pyroptosis can be effectively regulated and that like necroptosis, pyroptosis has been regarded as a type of programmed cell death. The mechanism of its occurrence can be divided into canonical inflammasome-induced pyroptosis and noncanonical inflammasome-induced pyroptosis.