Identification and Functional Analysis of PANoptosis-Associated Genes in the Progression From Sepsis to ARDS.

Background: Sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are common inflammatory conditions in intensive care, with ARDS significantly increasing mortality in septic patients. PANoptosis, a newly discovered form of programmed cell death involving multiple cell death pathways, plays a critical role in inflammatory diseases. This study aims to elucidate the PANoptosis-related genes (PRGs) and their involvement in the progression of sepsis to ARDS.

Ultrahigh piezoelectric performances of (K,Na)NbO based ceramics enabled by structural flexibility and grain orientation.

(K,Na)NbO-based ceramics are deemed among the most promising lead-free piezoelectric materials, though their overall piezoelectric performance still lags behind the mainstream lead-containing counterparts. Here, we achieve an ultrahigh piezoelectric charge coefficient d ∼ 807 pC·N, along with a high longitudinal electromechanical coupling factor (k ∼ 88%) and Curie temperature (T ∼ 245 °C) in the (K,Na)(NbSb)O-BiNaZrO-BiFeO (KNN-xSb) system through structural flexibility and grain orientation strategies. Phenomenological models, phase field simulations and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy reveal that the structural flexibility originates from the high Coulomb force between K/Na ions and Sb ions in the KNN-xSb system, while the grain orientation promotes the displacement of B-site cations leveraging the engineered domain configuration.

Emphysematous pancreatitis: Diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

Background: Emphysematous pancreatitis (EP) is a rare, severe form of acute necrotizing pancreatitis characterized by gas in pancreatic or peripancreatic tissue, with a high mortality rate.

Aim: To assess the diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of EP through a series of case studies.

Methods: This case series was conducted in intensive care units at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University.

IRF2 Affects LPS- and IFN-γ-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Responses, Cell Viability, Migration and Apoptosis of Macrophages by Regulating IRG1.

Background: Members of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family are transcriptional regulators that play vital roles in the inflammatory response of macrophages. IRF1, IRF3, and IRF9 regulate the expression of immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1) in macrophages. However, the role of IRF2 in the inflammatory response of macrophages remains somewhat contradictory.

Association between glucocorticoid administration and outcomes in patients with ARDS based on the MIMIC-III database.

This study aimed to investigate the association between glucocorticoid administration and outcomes in critically ill patients with ARDS using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-III database. Data were collected from the MIMIC-III database, which consists of critically ill participants between 2001 and 2012 in the USA. A total of 1831 adult critically ill patients with ARDS were enrolled from the MIMIC-III database.

TCS01 Two-Component System Influenced the Virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Regulating PcpA.

Streptococcus pneumoniae relies on two-component systems (TCSs) to regulate the processes of pathogenicity, osmotic pressure, chemotaxis, and energy metabolism. The TCS01 system of S. pneumoniae is composed of HK01 (histidine kinase) and RR01 (response regulator).

Multiple immune function impairments in diabetic patients and their effects on COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, poses a significant threat to public health worldwide, and diabetes is considered a risk factor for the rapid progression and poor prognosis of COVID-19. Limited immune function is a clinical feature of COVID-19 patients, and diabetes patients have defects in innate and adaptive immune functions, which may be an important reason for the rapid progression and poor prognosis of COVID-19 in patients with diabetes. We review the possible multiple effects of immune impairment in diabetic patients on the immune responses to COVID-19 to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic patients with COVID-19.

Activation of AMPK restored impaired autophagy and inhibited inflammation reaction by up-regulating SIRT1 in acute pancreatitis.

Aims: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common inflammatory disorder with high incidence and mortality. AMPK-SIRT1 pathway is involved in a variety of diseases, but its role in AP remains elusive. This study was aimed to explore the role of AMPK-SIRT1 pathway in AP.

A novel function of IRF9 in acute pancreatitis by modulating cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and suppressing SIRT1-p53.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease caused by the abnormal activation of pancreatic enzymes in the pancreas, with a considerably high morbidity and mortality. However, the etiological factor and pathogenesis of AP are still unclear. This study was aimed to explore the role and mechanism of interferon regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) in the occurrence of AP and to provide experimental and theoretical foundation for AP diagnosis and treatment.

Negative Regulation of SIRT1 by IRF9 Involved in Hyperlipidemia Acute Pancreatitis Associated with Kidney Injury.

Background: Interferon regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) acts as a negative regulator of sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) to participate in many diseases. However, the role of SIRT1 and IRF9 in hyperlipidemia acute pancreatitis associated with kidney injury is unclear.

Aims: To explore the function of SIRT1 and IRF9 in hyperlipidemia acute pancreatitis associated with kidney injury and provide theoretical guidance for disease diagnosis and treatment.

In vitro and in vivo investigation of the novel Dex-bHb as oxygen carriers.

The development of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) is a persistent and urgent need in biomedicine. As a potential HBOCs, Dextran-hemoglobin (Dex-bHb) has been developed over the past years. The novel Dex-bHb, whose thiol group of Cys-93(β) was reversibly protected, was produced and the characteristics were evaluated in our previous study.

An effective immobilized haloalkane dehalogenase DhaA from Rhodococcus rhodochrous by adsorption, crosslink and PEGylation on meso-cellular foam.

Haloalkane dehalogenase DhaA catalyzes the hydrolysis of halogenated compounds by cleavage of the carbon-halogen bond. However, DhaA suffers from poor environmental stability and difficult recovery, which significantly increase the cost of DhaA. Here, an effective enzyme immobilization strategy was developed to overcome the disadvantages of DhaA.

S- Cis Diene Conformation: A New Bathochromic Shift Strategy for Near-Infrared Fluorescence Switchable Dye and the Imaging Applications.

In this paper, we present a novel charge-free fluorescence-switchable near-infrared (IR) dye based on merocyanine for target specific imaging. In contrast to the typical bathochromic shift approach by extending π-conjugation, the bathochromic shift of our merocyanine dye to the near-IR region is due to an unusual S- cis diene conformer. This is the first example where a fluorescent dye adopts the stable S- cis conformation.

Conjugation with 20 kDa dextran decreases the autoxidation rate of bovine hemoglobin.

Haemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC) is highly susceptible to autoxidation that renders a series of tissue and cellular toxicities. HBOC is prepared by chemical modification of haemoglobin (Hb), which typically increases the autoxidation rate of Hb. Thus, it is necessary to decrease the autoxidation of HBOC.

PEGylation with the thiosuccinimido butylamine linker significantly increases the stability of haloalkane dehalogenase DhaA.

Haloalkane dehalogenase (HLD) can catalyze the hydrolytic dehalogenation of halogenated compounds. However, HLD suffers from the poor stability to resist the environmental stress. PEGylation is an effective approach to enhance the stability of enzymes.

Structural insights into the substrate specificity of a 6-phospho-β-glucosidase BglA-2 from Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4.

The 6-phospho-β-glucosidase BglA-2 (EC 3.2.1.

[Toxicity and bioactivity of several alternative nematocides against Ditylenchus destructor].

By the methods of fumigation and contact assay, this paper determined the toxicity of four kinds of soil fumigants and six kinds of non-fumigants against Ditylenchus destructor. In the meantime, the bioactivity of the agents was evaluated by the corrected mortality rate of D. destructor after treated with the LC50 dose of each agent for different time.

Structural basis for the substrate specificity of a novel β-N-acetylhexosaminidase StrH protein from Streptococcus pneumoniae R6.

The β-N-acetylhexosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.

Structural and enzymatic characterization of the streptococcal ATP/diadenosine polyphosphate and phosphodiester hydrolase Spr1479/SapH.

Spr1479 from Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 is a 33-kDa hypothetical protein of unknown function. Here, we determined the crystal structures of its apo-form at 1.90 Å and complex forms with inorganic phosphate and AMP at 2.