Association between exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and infections with human papillomavirus and herpes simplex virus type 2.

The study aimed to investigate the association between co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) or herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in a representative sample of the adult female population in the United States. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 4,284 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Logistic regression and stratified analyses were used to assess associations between individual PAH exposures and the prevalence of HPV and HSV-2 infection.

An LF-NMR Biosensor for the Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells Based on Target-Triggered Bioorthogonal Chemistry and Click Chemistry.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), crucial biomarkers for monitoring cancer metastasis and prognosis, present significant challenges for detection technologies due to their extremely low abundance in peripheral blood. This study introduces a low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) biosensor leveraging the synergistic effect of biorthogonal chemistry and click chemistry for CTC detection by a sol-gel phase-transition strategy. Initially, CTCs were targeted and enriched using mucin 1-specific aptamers.

Integrated photoelectrochemical/photothermal dual-mode biosensor with simultaneous dual-signal output for detection of bladder cancer cells HT-1376.

Here, a photoelectrochemical (PEC)/photothermal (PT) dual-mode biosensing platform with simultaneous output of response signals was developed for sensitive and accurate detection of bladder tumor cells HT-1376. The system utilized an infrared laser as a shared light source, with photocurrent and temperature measurements acquired through parallel PEC and PT detection channels. The HT-1376-specific aptamer (Apt) was covalently immobilized on aminated indium‑tin oxide (ITO) electrode via glutaraldehyde crosslinking between surface amino groups and amine-modified aptamer terminals, enabling selective target capture.

Leveraging multimodal large language model for multimodal sequential recommendation.

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable superiority in various vision-language tasks due to their unparalleled cross-modal comprehension capabilities and extensive world knowledge, offering promising research paradigms to address the insufficient information exploitation in conventional multimodal recommendation systems. Despite significant advances in existing recommendation approaches based on large language models, they still exhibit notable limitations in multimodal feature recognition and dynamic preference modeling, particularly in handling sequential data effectively and most of them predominantly rely on unimodal user-item interaction information, failing to adequately explore the cross-modal preference differences and the dynamic evolution of user interests within multimodal interaction sequences. These shortcomings have substantially prevented current research from fully unlocking the potential value of MLLMs within recommendation systems.

Pangolin-type fluorescence imaging of circulating tumor cell based on functionalized 2D nanomaterial.

The isolation and detection of circulating tumor cell (CTC) is of great significance for clinical cancer diagnosis and personalized therapy. Herein, a novel pangolin-type fluorescence imaging strategy is proposed to recognize, isolate and image CTC in whole blood. By combining ferroferric oxide (FeO) nanoparticles modified with aptamer (Apt), poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-co-(1,4-benzo-{2,1',3}-thiadiazole)] (PFBT) and poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) formed in situ a large number of polymer dots (Pdots) on the surface of graphene oxide (GO), yielding a μm-sized 2D fluorescent probe Pdots@GO@FeO-Apt.

The intratumor microbiota and thyroid cancer: a review.

Thyroid cancer is a prevalent malignancy with a rising global incidence, driven by factors such as genetic mutations, environmental influences, and gender differences. Despite advancements in diagnostic techniques and treatments, effective therapies for advanced or iodine-refractory thyroid cancer remain limited. Recent discoveries have challenged the long-held belief that tumors are sterile, revealing the presence of intratumor microbiota in various cancers.

Current trends and future projection for addressing the burden of esophageal carcinoma in Asia: a comprehensive analysis (1990-2040).

Background: Esophageal carcinoma (EC) significantly impacts global health, particularly in Asia, where many low- and middle-income countries face substantial burdens despite advancements in some regions.

Objective: This study analyzed EC's spatial and temporal distribution in Asia using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, aiming to forecast future burdens and support effective prevention strategies.

Methods: Data from 48 Asian countries (1990-2021) were extracted from the GBD database, covering incidence, prevalence, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), risk factors, and socio-demographic index (SDI).

Fahr's disease presenting with psychotic symptoms at onset in an adolescent: a case report.

Fahr's disease (FD) is a rare neurological disorder that causes abnormal, symmetrical, and bilateral calcification of the basal ganglia and other brain regions. Psychiatric symptoms are one of the many manifestations that guide FD diagnosis, with most usually occurring by ages 30-60 years. Herein, we report an incidental finding of bilateral basal ganglia calcification in a 14-year-old male teenager presenting psychotic characteristics, including schizophreniform and manic-like symptoms, who was initially investigated for mycoplasma infection.

Evolutionary insights into Interleukin-12 family targets across 405 species.

The Interleukin-12 (IL-12) family ligand subunits (IL-12s) and receptor subunits (IL-12Rs) constitute pivotal regulators of immune homeostasis, with direct implications in autoimmune pathologies and oncogenesis. Through phylogenetic reconstruction, synteny analysis, and sequence alignment across 400+ animal species, we delineated the evolutionary trajectories and functional diversification of these immune mediators. Phylogenetic analysis revealed IL-12Rs originated prior to the mollusk era (514-686.

IL-1 Superfamily Across 400+ Species: Therapeutic Targets and Disease Implications.

An important area of interest for therapeutic development is the IL-1 superfamily, a critical group of immune regulators with profound implications in a variety of disorders. This study clarifies the evolutionary patterns of IL-1 family members by thoroughly analyzing more than 400 animal species, demonstrating their ancient roots that extend back to the earliest vertebrates. Important results show that, although IL-1 ligands expanded significantly over the evolution of mammals, their corresponding receptors remained remarkably structurally conserved.

Association Between Fluoride Exposure and BMI, WWI in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This research aimed to investigate the relationship of fluoride exposure to body mass index (BMI), weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) in children and adolescents. The study used the 2015-2016 Nutrition Examination Survey database and screened a total of 2004 participants aged 6 to 19 years. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between blood fluoride, urine fluoride, and water fluoride and BMI, WWI, overweight/obesity, and WWI category.

Lauric acid ameliorates excessive linoleic acid induced macrophage inflammatory response and oxidative stress in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

Macrophages are particularly prone to inflammation and oxidative stress upon exogenous stimulus. Previous investigations have shown that lauric acid (LRA) exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, however, the molecular mechanism remains elusive. This study aims to elucidate the function and molecular mechanisms by which LRA provided a defense against inflammation and oxidative stress brought by linoleic acid (LA), both in vivo and in vitro.

Predictive model for neonatal HBV infection risk in infants of HBV-infected mothers in China: an observational study.

Objective: In China, vertical transmission is the primary route of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission from mothers to their children. This study aimed to develop a predictive model for assessing the risk of HBV infection in newborns born to mothers with HBV infection. Additionally, the model was validated across subgroups based on child stage, gender, and race to facilitate the early identification of high-risk newborns and the development of personalized preventive measures.

Autophagy dysfunction links palmitic acid with macrophage inflammatory responses in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

Autophagy is a cellular degradation process reliant on lysosome, crucial for preserving intracellular homeostasis. The key saturated fatty acid palmitic acid (PA) has been demonstrated to exert regulatory effects on autophagic activity in mammals. However, the precise impact of PA on autophagy and its role in fish remains incompletely understood.

Exploring the evolution of anaerobes within ciliate class Prostomatea by transcriptomics.

Mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs) enable anaerobic eukaryotes to thrive in anoxic environments, and the independent ciliate lineages of anaerobes serve as excellent candidates for investigating the convergent evolutionary transition from mitochondria to MROs. Previous studies have demonstrated that the adaptations of ciliates to anaerobic conditions may be lineage-specific. However, our understanding of the diverse metabolic peculiarities of MROs is limited to a few ciliate lineages.

Autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related protein homeostasis links palmitic acid to hepatic lipotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio), counteracted by linoleic acid.

Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are the primary contributors to hepatic lipotoxic injuries accompanied by the accumulation of hepatic insoluble protein inclusions that are composed of ubiquitinated proteins and p62, but the role of these inclusions in the SFA-induced hepatic lipotoxic injuries and their regulatory mechanisms are incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrated that palmitic acid (PA), a dietary SFA, induced aberrant accumulation of hepatic insoluble protein inclusions, leading to hepatic lipotoxic injuries in zebrafish. Mechanistically, the accumulation of hepatic insoluble protein inclusions and the subsequent lipotoxic injuries induced by PA were attributed to reduced autophagy activity and increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.

Activation of SIK2 inhibits gluconeogenesis and alleviates lipogenesis-induced inflammatory response by SIK2-CRTC2-ACC1 in hepatocytes of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

As an important kinase that maintains metabolic homeostasis, salt-induced kinase 2 (SIK2) inhibits adipogenesis in adipocytes and regulates mammalian glucose metabolism. Excessive lipid accumulation can lead to an inflammatory response, and SIK2 also controls the expression of inflammatory cytokines. However, the precise mechanisms and interconnections through which SIK2 modulates these processes remain incompletely understood.

Target-Triggered Enzymatic Cascade LF-NMR Biosensor for the Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells.

A target-triggered, enzymatic cascade-amplified low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) sensor was developed for the detection of the circulating tumor cell (CTC) A549. A multifunctional two-dimensional bionanomaterial GDA@GOX&DNA1 was designed as the initiator, with FeO@DNA2/Apt as the recognition unit and CaO@MnO as the signal unit. When A549 was present, the aptamer (Apt) detached from the recognition unit, allowing the formation of GDA@GOX&DNA1-DNA2@FeO and triggering the following reactions: (1) glucose oxidase (GOX) catalyzed the reaction between the substrate glucose and oxygen (O) to produce gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide (HO); (2) the generated acid and HO reacted with MnO, producing signal probes Mn and O; and (3) CaO reacted with the acid, generating HO.

Construction of High-performance Hybrid Supercapacitor Devices by V-doped Flower-like Fe₂(MoO₄)₃ and SnO₂/CNTs.

In this work, we present for the first time an innovative strategy to construct high-performance hybrid supercapacitors through the synergistic optimization of vanadium-doped self-supported three-dimensional Flower-like Fe₂(MoO₄)₃ anodes and SnO₂/CNTs composite anodes. The V-doped Fe₂(MoO₄)₃ anode synthesized by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method combines vanadium doping-induced oxygen vacancies, lattice distortion effects and self-supporting properties of the three-dimensional floral structure, which enhances the specific surface area of the material to 190.58 m/g, and obtains a high specific capacitance of 2,157 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g, and undergoes a 15 A/g After 10,000 cycles at 15 A/g, the capacitance retention rate is still 98.

Establishment and verification of a prognostic signature associated with fatty acid metabolism in endometrial cancer.

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is one of the leading causes of mortality in women. Metabolic disorders, such as abnormal fatty acid metabolism (FAM), are considered to be indicators of tumorigenesis. However, to the best of our knowledge, the relationship between EC and FAM remains unclear.

Dynamic Behaviors of Droplet Impacts in Dropwise Condensation on Horizontal Tube Bundles.

Dropwise condensation offers substantial heat transfer advantages over filmwise condensation, enhancing the industrial condenser efficiency and reducing energy losses. However, the dynamics of condensate droplets on horizontal tube bundles remains complex and insufficiently studied. This paper presents a detailed investigation of the impact of dynamic behaviors of condensate droplets by numerical simulation using the Volume of Fluid model.

Magnetic relaxation switch biosensor for detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus based on photocleavable hydrogel.

Background: Foodborne pathogens, particularly Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) found in seafood, pose significant health risks, including abdominal pain, nausea, and even death. Rapid, accurate, and sensitive detection of these pathogens is crucial for food safety and public health. However, existing detection methods often require complex sample pretreatment, which limits their practical application.

Extending Conjugation Lengths of the Linkage Units in Triazine-Based Porous Polymers for Enhanced Photocatalysis.

Three triazine-based conjugated porous polymers (CPPs) are synthesized via a Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction between derivatives of 2,4,6-tri(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine (TTT) and 2,4,6-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine (TPT). Photocatalysis experiments demonstrate that the hydrogen evolution rate (HER) of ThTh-CPP (homopolymer of TTT) reach an exceptional 46.4 mmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ without co-catalysts, surpassing ThPh-CPP (8.

Advanced oral breviscapine sustained-release tablets for improved ischemic stroke treatment.

This study aimed to address the challenges associated with the low oral bioavailability and the necessity for frequent dosing of breviscapine (BRE), a mainstream drug in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The poor solubility and permeability of BRE in the gastrointestinal tract were identified as significant barriers to effective drug absorption, thereby impacting therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance. To enhance the gastrointestinal absorption of BRE, particles loaded with BRE were engineered utilizing Cremophor EL (CrEL), an absorption enhancer, in conjunction with mesoporous silica, a biocompatible drug delivery vector, formulating mesoporous silica particles loaded with BRE and CrEL (BRE-CrEL@SiO).

Magnetic-Electrical Synergetic Control of Non-Volatile States in Bilayer Graphene-CrOCl Heterostructures.

Anti-ferromagnetic insulator chromium oxychloride (CrOCl) has shown peculiar charge transfer and correlation-enhanced emerging properties when interfaced with other van der Waals conductive channels. However, the influence of its spin states to the channel material remains largely unknown. Here, this issue is addressed by directly measuring the density of states in bilayer graphene (BLG) interfaced with CrOCl via a high-precision capacitance measurement technique and a surprising hysteretic behavior in the charging states of the heterostructure is observed.