Independent Clonal Origin in Early-Stage Bilateral Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Evidence From Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genome Analysis.

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) often presents as anatomically distinct foci in bilateral lobes. However, it remains controversial whether these foci arise independently from distinct malignant progenitor cells or result from the dissemination of the primary lesion. Fifteen pairs of bilateral PTC at Stage I were enrolled, and sequencing was performed using a 437-cancer-gene panel (Geneseeq).

Timing of intravenous iron for treatment of anaemia in surgical patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Anaemia complicates recovery in surgical patients. Intravenous (IV) iron supplementation shows promise in improving outcomes, but optimal timing remains uncertain. In this review, we compare the efficacy, safety, tolerability, and outcomes between preoperative and postoperative IV iron supplementation.

Facet Effects Enhance Formic Acid Oxidation by Regulating Subsurface Interstitial Nitrogen Occupation.

Direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) are considered promising power sources for next-generation portable electronic devices due to their high theoretical energy density, excellent storage stability, and low fuel permeability. However, the multistep nature of the formic acid oxidation (FAO) pathway increases the complexity of designing efficient anode catalysts, posing a significant challenge to the commercialization of DFAFCs. Here, we present a unique example of significantly enhancing the catalytic performance of Pd-based catalysts for FAO through facet effect-regulated nitrogen occupation.

Puncture frequency, coagulopathy, and liver injury as independent risk factors for bleeding in acute diquat poisoning after enhanced blood purification therapy.

Objective: To identify independent risk factors for bleeding and propose preventive strategies in acute diquat poisoning (ADP) patients undergoing enhanced blood purification therapy (EBPT).

Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 297 ADP patients (May 2022-April 2024) were categorized into a conventional treatment (n=124) and EBPT (n=173) groups according to their treatment regimens. Clinical data, coagulation/liver function, and bleeding events were compared between the two groups.

Evolutionary insights into Interleukin-12 family targets across 405 species.

The Interleukin-12 (IL-12) family ligand subunits (IL-12s) and receptor subunits (IL-12Rs) constitute pivotal regulators of immune homeostasis, with direct implications in autoimmune pathologies and oncogenesis. Through phylogenetic reconstruction, synteny analysis, and sequence alignment across 400+ animal species, we delineated the evolutionary trajectories and functional diversification of these immune mediators. Phylogenetic analysis revealed IL-12Rs originated prior to the mollusk era (514-686.

Beyond the tumor microenvironment: Orchestrating systemic T‑cell response for next‑generation cancer immunotherapy (Review).

Immune checkpoint blockade therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, yet its clinical efficacy remains limited to a subset of patients with specific tumor types. The present review provides a comprehensive analysis of T cell‑mediated antitumor immunity from both local and systemic perspectives, with particular emphasis on CD8 T cells as primary effectors. The review discusses how the complex trafficking between the tumor microenvironment (TME), surrounding lymphoid tissues and peripheral circulation creates multiple opportunities for tumors to evade immune surveillance.

Nuclear localization of YAP in pancreatic cancer: More players besides Hippo pathway.

The Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a critical regulator of organ size and a key player in tumorigenesis, with its activity primarily governed by the Hippo signaling pathway. YAP mainly functions as a transcriptional co-activator, therefore its activity is closely related to its nuclear localization. Recent studies have shed light on mechanisms that regulate YAP's nuclear localization and activation, independent of the Hippo pathway.

THY1 inhibits the replication of ALV - J by diverting chNHE1 for proteasomal degradation.

Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) induces myelocytoma and immunosuppression in infected chickens, thereby severely affecting the global poultry industry. Viruses generally utilize the host cellular machinery for their own replication. However, the interaction relationships between ALV-J and host proteins remain poorly understood.

Development and validation of a nomogram model based on ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound features for differentiating mass-forming pancreatitis and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: To explore the value of ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiating mass-forming Pancreatitis (MFP) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed clinical and imaging data from 281 patients who underwent pancreatic CEUS between January 2018 and December 2023. Patients were randomly divided into training (n = 196) and validation (n = 85) sets.

Comparative Analysis of Gut Microbiome Community Structures in Different Populations of Asian Elephants in China and Their Correlation with Diet.

Background: The interaction and co-evolution between the gut microbiome and the host play important roles in the host's physiology, nutrition, and health. Diet is considered an important driver of differences in the gut microbiota; however, research on the relationship between the gut microbiota and diet in Asian elephants remains limited.

Methods: In this study, we explored the gut microbiota structure and its relationship with diet in different populations of Asian elephants through metagenomic sequencing, combined with previously published dietary data.

Phylogenetic Insights into the Evolutionary History of the Gene Family in Metazoa.

: The gene family encodes secreted glycoproteins that are rich in cysteine, which generally serve as activators of the Wnt signaling pathway in animals. Four types of this family have been identified in a few model species. However, the evolution of the family remains unclear.

IL-1 Superfamily Across 400+ Species: Therapeutic Targets and Disease Implications.

An important area of interest for therapeutic development is the IL-1 superfamily, a critical group of immune regulators with profound implications in a variety of disorders. This study clarifies the evolutionary patterns of IL-1 family members by thoroughly analyzing more than 400 animal species, demonstrating their ancient roots that extend back to the earliest vertebrates. Important results show that, although IL-1 ligands expanded significantly over the evolution of mammals, their corresponding receptors remained remarkably structurally conserved.

Molecular profiling reveals the malignant potential in solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas.

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas (SPN) is a rare tumor primarily affecting middle-aged women, typically characterized by indolent behavior but occasionally demonstrating malignant potential through invasive growth and metastasis. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving this heterogeneity, a multi-omics approach was applied to analyze paired metastatic lesions, primary tumors, and normal pancreatic tissues. Methylation profiling via the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip identified 2425 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) in metastatic versus primary lesions, with 798 DMPs conserved across both lesion types.

Primary pancreatic signet ring cell carcinoma: a case series from China and literature review.

Objective: To report on cases of primary pancreatic signet ring cell carcinoma (PSRCC) from our institution, review the published literature, and evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics.

Material And Methods: We present a recent case of PSRCC and report 11 additional cases from China, utilizing the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database. The literature search encompassed publications from January 1994 to December 2023.

Space-confined charge transfer turns on multicolor emission in metal-organic frameworks via pressure treatment.

Single-component multi-emissive materials with stimuli-responsive properties offer unique advantages in the field of multicolor-tunable photoluminescence (PL). However, precisely modulating the emission of each component and achieving high-efficiency emission present a formidable challenge. Herein, we demonstrate that space-confined charge transfer (CT) turns on bright blue-green-white emission in initially faintly emissive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) at ambient conditions through pressure treatments.

Constructing Palladium-Based Crystalline@Amorphous Core-Shell Heterojunctions for Efficient Formic Acid Oxidation.

Constructing crystalline@amorphous heterostructures allows nanomaterials to maintain high electrical conductivity of crystalline structures while acquiring abundant active sites from amorphous structure. This emerging strategy has attracted considerable attention in electrochemical and photoelectrochemistry applications. However, achieving crystalline@amorphous heterostructures based on palladium (Pd) remains challenging due to the difficulties in balancing the transformation between these two phases.

Extracellular vesicles-miR-205-5p inhibits lymphatic metastasis in pancreatic cancer through diffusely downregulating VEGFA.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2040. Many factors contribute to this dilemma, including lymphatic metastasis, which is the primary cause of PDAC metastasis. The inhibition of early lymph node metastasis, including the lymphangiogenic process, may be a novel strategy for PDAC treatment.

A Comprehensive Evolutionary Analysis of the Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase (DFR) Gene Family in Plants: Insights from 237 Species.

Background: Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) is a key enzyme in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway that regulates anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin accumulation in plants. Although genes have been studied in various species, their origin of the DFR gene family, its distribution across the plant kingdom, and the reasons behind the emergence of different DFR subtypes Methods: This study performed a whole-genome analysis of genes in 237 plant species, including algae, mosses, ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms, integrating phylogeny, conserved motifs, duplication mechanisms, positive selection, and expression pattern analyses.

Results: These results indicate that the gene family originated from the common ancestor of extant ferns and seed plants, and the emergence of asparagine (Asn)-type and aspartic (Asp)-type DFRs is associated with gymnosperms.

Over-compensation of the native herb Qiai (Artemisia argyi var. argyi cv. Qiai) to infection with alien field dodder (Cuscuta campestris).

Compensatory growth of crops is argued to alleviate detrimental parasitic effects. Cuscuta campestris causes severe crop losses worldwide, and is the most important parasitic weed. In a two-year consecutive field investigation, C.

Toward In-Depth Mastery of Statistical Properties: Novel Stationary Moment Analysis With Application to Continuous Industrial Anomaly Detection.

Anomaly detection is a cornerstone of industrial safety, enabling real-time monitoring of process operations by identifying deviations from normal conditions through statistical analysis. In real-world industrial scenarios, the nonstationary properties of multivariate time-series data present a common and substantial challenge. Existing methods for extracting stationary sources $(\mathcal {SS}s)$ mainly rely on weak stationarity (i.

Evolutionary landscape of plant chalcone isomerase-fold gene families.

Flavonoids are crucial for plant survival and adaptive evolution, and chalcone isomerase (CHI) genes serve as key rate-limiting gene in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. It is important for plant adaptive evolution to comprehensively study the evolution and diversity of the CHI gene families. However, the CHI gene families in many plant lineages remain elusive.

Harvesting Bright Green Photoluminescence of Tb(BDC)(HO) MOF via Pressure-Modulated Ligand-to-Metal Energy Transfer.

Lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) exhibit distinctive emission spectra and prolonged luminescent lifetimes, thereby offering a unique platform for the advancement of solid-state photoluminescence (PL) materials. However, the mismatch between the energy levels of metal ions and organic ligands leads to a weak PL emission. Herein, this study presents a pressure-treated strategy aimed at achieving efficient green PL in Tb(BDC)(HO) MOF.

Multi-strategy enterprise development optimizer for numerical optimization and constrained problems.

Enterprise Development Optimizer (EDO) is a meta-heuristic algorithm inspired by the enterprise development process with strong global search capability. However, the analysis of the EDO algorithm shows that it suffers from the defects of rapidly decreasing population diversity and weak exploitation ability when dealing with complex optimization problems, while its algorithmic structure has room for further enhancement in the optimization process. In order to solve these challenges, this paper proposes a multi-strategy enterprise development optimizer called MSEDO based on basic EDO.