Dual-function fab-scFv fusion antibody ameliorates ulcerative colitis by targeting hFcRn-mediated colonic enrichment and TNF-α neutralization.

Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is characterized by disruption of intestinal barrier function and complex inflammatory manifestations locally and systemically. Although anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) agents such as Infliximab (IFX) are effective in treating IBD, their intestinal tissue concentration has been regarded as determinant of therapeutic efficacy while was restrained by the large molecular weight. Considering the enhanced expression of human neonatal Fc receptor (hFcRn) in UC tissues, we attempted to deliver the therapeutic entity of IFX into UC tissues by developing a novel dual-acting IFX Fab-F8 (IFX-F8) fusion protein for UC treatment.

Targeted delivery of BACE1 siRNA for synergistic treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: The deposition of toxic aggregated amyloid-β (Aβ), resulting from continuous cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and γ-secretase, is a key pathogenic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Small interfering RNAs (siRNA) have shown great potential for disease treatment by specifically silencing target genes. However, the poor brain delivery efficiency of siRNAs limits their therapeutic efficacy against AD.

Predictive model for meningitis after pituitary tumor resection by endoscopic nasal trans-sphenoidal sinus approach.

Background: Meningitis is a significant complication following nasal trans-sphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumor resection. Meningitis increases hospital stays and costs, posing a burden to both patients and healthcare systems. This study aimed to develop a perioperative predictive model for meningitis based on key factors, such as the operation duration, tumor diameter, and intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage.

Clinical outcomes of multivessel disease patients after off-pump minimally invasive coronary surgery.

Objective: This study evaluated the safety and feasibility of minimally invasive coronary surgery (MICS) for patients with multivessel disease.

Methods: Patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing isolated off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (OPCAB) in our center between January 2017 and December 2020 were included in this study. Patients were divided into the MICS group or the conventional OPCAB group.

MiR-223-3p regulates erythropoiesis by targeting TGFBR3/Smad signaling pathway in hemoglobin H-Constant Spring disease.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as regulators of pathogenesis in hematopoiesis by targeting post-transcription mRNA regulation. However, the involvement of miRNAs in hemoglobin H-Constant Spring (HbH-CS) disease remains unclear. The present study analyzed miRNAs differential expression profile between patients with HbH-CS disease and healthy subjects by Arraystar Human small RNA Microarray.

Age-specific effects of synthetic cannabinoids on cognitive function and hippocampal gene expression in mice: insights from behavioral and molecular correlates.

The increasing use of Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) in adolescents and young adults poses significant medical and psychiatric risks, and previous reports have been dominated by single-age animal studies. Here, we first investigated the effects of a single exposure of the fourth-generation synthetic cannabinoid 4F-ABUTINACA on cognitive behaviors in adolescent (PND 28-35 days) and adult (PND 49-56 days) male mice in an animal model, followed by an age-specific systematic study by conducting a whole-gene transcriptomics study of hippocampal tissue in the brain. Behavioral results showed that 4F-ABUTINACA impaired recognition memory, fear memory extraction, and spatial navigation memory in adolescent mice, as well as spatial navigation memory in adult mice.

Drug repurposing: a promising drug discovery strategy for the treatment of emerging epidemic infectious disease.

Epidemic refers to a disease when the occurrence level exceeds expected standards (generating an epidemic phenomenon), in which infectious diseases pose a major challenge to global health. The concept of epidemiology arises with infectious diseases, which can infect many people within a certain period and lead to a pandemic. Especially in the face of sudden epidemics, time is of the essence.

Simple Realization of a Novel Metal-Metal Composite Solid Solution and Its Potential Application as a Current Collector.

Solid-solution-based metal alloy phases are an important phase category and effective structural control method. Nevertheless, Hägg's rule retards the formation of metal-metal composite solid solution (CSS); consequently, there is a lack of understanding regarding its properties and potential applications. Herein, as a proof-of-concept study, a novel Cu-0.

Novel inflammatory-nutritional prognostic index for advanced gastric cancer patients undergoing gastrectomy and prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Background: Prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is one of the methods to prevent peritoneal metastasis of advanced gastric cancer (AGC). However, the prognosis of gastric cancer patients who receive this treatment are different.

Aim: To investigate whether inflammation and nutritional indicators affect the prognosis of AGC patients undergoing gastrectomy and prophylactic HIPEC, and to develop a novel inflammatory nutritional prognostic index (INPI).

Establishment and validation of a nomogram model for surgical site infections after posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective observational study.

Surgical site infection is a serious complication of posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery and is influenced by various factors. To construct a predictive nomogram of the risk of surgical site infection among patients after posterior luminal interbody fusion surgery. A total of 496 patients who underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery between January 2019 and December 2023 were included, and randomly assigned to a training or a validation queue following a 7:3 ratio.

MTGNN: A Drug-Target-Disease Triplet Association Prediction Model Based on Multimodal Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks and Direction-Aware Metapaths.

The forecasting of drug-target interactions (DTIs) is a crucial element in the domain of drug repositioning. Current methodologies, primarily based on dual-branch architectures or graph neural networks (GNNs), typically model binary associations─specifically drug-target or target-disease relationships─thereby overlooking the directional dependencies and synergistic mechanisms intrinsic to tripartite drug-target-disease (GTD) interactions. To address this disparity, we present MTGNN (Multimodal Transformer Graph Neural Network), a comprehensive prediction framework designed to model GTD triplets directly.

Revealing the Underlying Role of LiCO in Enhancing Performance of Oxyhalide-Based Solid-State Batteries.

Residual lithium compounds (RLCs) in all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) employing Ni-rich cathode materials (LiNiCoMnO, NCM) are traditionally viewed either as ionically and electronically insulating layers hindering electrochemical performance or as protective buffer layers enhancing cycling stability. In this study, a beneficial role of LiCO in ASSBs featuring an oxyhalide-based AlOCl-2LiCl (LAOC) solid-state electrolyte (SSE) is revealed. ASSBs containing NCM with residual LiCO demonstrate superior electrochemical performance compared to those treated with a washing pretreatment to remove LiCO.

Hijacking the autophagy-apoptosis crosstalk: African swine fever virus orchestrates immune evasion via host remodeling for viral pathogenesis.

African swine fever (ASF) is an acute, highly fatal hemorrhagic disease of domestic and wild pigs caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). ASFV, a large double-stranded DNA virus of the Asfarviridae family, is highly infectious and pathogenic. Through modulation of host apoptosis and autophagy pathways, the virus subverts innate immune surveillance to promote its replication and dissemination.

The multiple mediating effects of social support and depressive symptoms on the relationship between frailty and cognitive function in older patients with heart failure: A cross-sectional study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to test the multiple mediating effects of social support and depression symptoms on the relationship between frailty and cognitive function in older patients with heart failure.

Methods And Results: We used a convenience sampling method to recruit 444 older patients with heart failure who met the inclusion criteria from a university-affiliated general hospital. Multiple mediation analyses revealed that the relationship between frailty and cognitive function was influenced by social support (effect: -0.

Using explainable machine learning to predict the irritation and corrosivity of chemicals on eyes and skin.

Contact with specific chemicals often results in corrosive and irritative responses in the eyes and skin, playing a pivotal role in assessing the potential hazards of personal care products, cosmetics, and industrial chemicals to human health. While traditional animal testing can provide valuable information, its high costs, ethical controversies, and significant demand for animals limit its extensive use, particularly during preliminary screening stages. To address these issues, we adopted a computational modeling approach, integrating 3316 experimental data points on eye irritation and 3080 data points on skin irritation, to develop various machine learning and deep learning models.

Role of Testosterone Signaling in Microglia: A Potential Role for Sex-Related Differences in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is less prevalent in men than in women, although mechanisms remain unclear. Microglia degrade aggregated amyloid β (Aβ) through the lysosomal system, including autophagy. G protein-coupled receptor family C group 6 member A (GPRC6A), predominantly expressed in mouse microglial MG6 cells, is a primary mediator of testosterone signaling.

The association between cognitive frailty and the risk of fall occurrence in older adults: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Background: Cognitive frailty increases the risk of fall occurrence. However, previous studies have shown inconsistent correlations between cognitive frailty and the risk of fall occurrence.

Objective: To systematically review studies and explore the association between cognitive frailty and the risk of fall occurrence.

Association between cardiopulmonary bypass duration and early major adverse cardiovascular events after surgical repair of supravalvular aortic stenosis.

Background: Patients who underwent surgical repair of supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) are at high risk for postoperative major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). This study aimed to investigate the association between cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) duration and MACE occurring during postoperative hospitalization or within 30 days post-surgery.

Methods: Patients who underwent surgical repair of SVAS from 2002 to 2019 at Beijing Fuwai Hospital and Yunnan Fuwai Hospital were included in this study.

Energy expenditure and slow-wave sleep in runners: Focusing on reproductive function, chronic training, and sex.

This comparative study focused on chronic exercise training, menstrual cycle, menstruation, and sex related with slow-wave sleep and energy expenditure (EE) during sleep in runners and controls. Participants included 26 highly trained runners (9 males, 8 amenorrheic females, and 9 menstruating females) and 20 controls (10 males and 10 menstruating females) aged 21 ± 2 years. Sleeping metabolic rate and EE during slow-wave sleep were 2.

Application of computed tomography body composition in patients with locally progressive gastric cancer undergoing radical surgery combined with prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Objectives: Radical resection combined with prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (p-HIPEC) is a promising treatment for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC), though factors influencing its long-term benefits remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of computed tomography (CT)-based body composition parameters on survival in patients undergoing this combination treatment, exploring nutritional factors affecting long-term survival and developing a prognostic model.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical and CT data from 230 patients with LAGC who underwent radical resection with p-HIPEC between January 2017 and December 2020.

Surgical techniques and prognostic nomogram for patients with supravalvular aortic stenosis.

Background: An effective prognostic nomogram to predict the prognosis for supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) patients is lacking.

Methods: A multi-center retrospective study of consecutive SVAS patients with surgery between 2002 and 2020 was conducted. Patients underwent McGoon repairs, Doty repairs, and other repairs.

The impact of social frailty on mortality in older patients with chronic heart failure: A prospective cohort study.

Background: There is still insufficient longitudinal evidence regarding the risk of mortality in older patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and social frailty (SF).

Objectives: The purpose of study was to describe the incidence rate of non-SF, pre-SF, and SF in older patients with CHF and explore its impact on mortality.

Methods: The observational study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in China.

Factors related to the treatment burden of patients with coronary heart disease: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Treatment burden is a significant barrier to patient adherence that may lead to deterioration of health.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to understand the treatment burden of Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and its associations with demographic, capacity, and workload-related factors.

Methods: We conducted an observational cross-sectional study.

CGPDTA: An Explainable Transfer Learning-Based Predictor With Molecule Substructure Graph for Drug-Target Binding Affinity.

Identifying interactions between drugs and targets is crucial for drug discovery and development. Nevertheless, the determination of drug-target binding affinities (DTAs) through traditional experimental methods is a time-consuming process. Conventional approaches to predicting drug-target interactions (DTIs) frequently prove inadequate due to an insufficient representation of drugs and targets, resulting in ineffective feature capture and questionable interpretability of results.

Concentration, pathogenic composition, and exposure risks of bioaerosol in large indoor public environments: A comparative study of urban and suburban areas.

Biological contamination in larger indoor environments can lead to the outbreak of various infectious diseases. This study aimed to compare the pollution profiles and associated health risks of airborne microorganisms in different indoor settings between urban and suburban areas by culturing, sequencing, and toxicological evaluation. The results indicated that the average level of culturable bacteria was higher in urban areas (955 ± 259 CFU/m) compared to suburban areas (850 ± 85 CFU/m), with the highest concentrations found in the market (2170 ± 798 CFU/m) and gymnasium (2010 ± 300 CFU/m).